2. Elicit Requirements (15%) Flashcards
State the 4 stages of Competence.
- Unconscious Incompetence
- Conscious Incompetence
- Conscious Incompetence
- Unconscious Incompetence
What is Unconscious Incompetence?
An individual has no awareness of the need to know a skill and has no awareness of the disadvantages / deficit
What is Conscious Incompetence?
The individual has no knowledge of the skill but they now have knowledge of what they don’t know - they are are of the deficit and disadvantages.
What is Conscious Competence?
The individual understand or knows something but they need to concentrate on its application
What is unconscious competence?
The skill has become second nature and the individual no longer has to consciously think about the application in order to perform it.
What is Tacit knowledge?
This is knowledge that we have forgotten we know and you do not need to think of how to do this when completing a task. For example, remembering how to ride a bike is automatic.
What competence stage does Tacit knowledge relate to?
Unconscious Competence - this is because tasks are being performed automatically without having to think about the task in detail. The knowledge is there - for example driving a car and riding a bike.
What is explicit knowledge?
Explicit knowledge is the knowledge of procedures and data that is foremost in the business users minds and which they can easily articulate
Name 3 ways in which you can make tacit information explicit
- Enact: Prototyping, Scenario, Role Play
- Recount: Storytelling, Scenarios
- Observe: Observation (formal and informal)
Provide 5 types of Elicitation Techniques
- Interviews
- Workshops
- Observation / Shadowing
- Storytelling
- Scenario Analysis
- Scenario role-play
- Prototyping
- Document Analysis
What is an Interview? provide an advantage and disadvantage with this method
An interview is a structured discussion between the analyst and a stakeholder to elicit facts and information about the key business situation and the stakeholders role in it.
Advantages:
- Builds Rapport (one-on-one confidential setting)
- Uncovers detailed information
- Identifies Viewpoints
- Allows for Investigation of new areas
- Can consider politics
- Can study the business staff environment
Disadvantages:
- Time consuming
- Information must be verified
- Right people interviewed
- Asking the right questions
What is a workshop? also provide advantages and disadvantages with workshops
Workshop = this is a team-based information gathering and decision making technique designed to accelerate business planning and development. A workshop provides a forum for exchanging views and achieving a mutually agreed outcome between the team.
Advantages:
- Gain a broad view of area
- Increase speed
- Obtain buy in and acceptance
- Gain consensus
Disadvantages:
- Time-consuming
- Needs careful facilitation
- Participants need required level of authority
What is observation? provide advantages and disadvantages for the observation method.
Observation = watching people actually carrying out the tasks.
Advantages:
- Can get a good understanding of the processes, Problems, Politics
- Helps devise workable, acceptable solutions
Disadvantages:
- Can feel like Big Brother - unsettles the observed
- Your presence may impact the process
Name 4 types of observation with a quick explanation of each.
Formal - Watching certain staff carrying out specific tasks that you are looking to evaluate / improve.
Informal - just wandering about to see what goes on. Not watching anybody specifically.
Protocol Analysis - The worker performs the task while describing to the analyst what they are doing.
Shadowing - Following one specific worker for a period of time.
What is a Focus Group? provide advantages and disadvantages.
Focus Group = A workshop but more focused to a group of people with a common interest
Advantages:
- Facilitates a broad view of opinions and concerns
- Can be used to achieve market research activities that help understand how the customers feel about a
