(2) Education: debates and issues

Question 1

equality of opportunity
[when everyone has the same chances]

Answer 1

igualdad de oportunidades

Question 2

schooling
[education at school]

Answer 2

escolarización, educación

Jack didn’t receive much formal schooling

Question 3

selective schooling
[pupils are chosen for entry, usually for academic reasons, though, in the case of some private schools, parents’ ability to pay school fees may be a factor in selection]

Answer 3

escolarización selectiva

Question 4

comprehensive schooling
[everyone enters without exams and education is free, paid for by the government]

Answer 4

escolarización libre

Question 5

elitism
[when you favour a small, privileged group]

Answer 5

elitismo

It is not elitism to want to try to better yourself through education

Question 6

inherent in (adj)
[existing as a natural or basic part of something]

Answer 6

inherente

(1) There are dangers/risks inherent in almost every sport.
(2) I have an inherent distrust of lawyers.

Question 7

league table,-s
[lists of schools or colleges, from the best down to the worst, based on exam results and, sometimes, other criteria]

Answer 7

tabla de clasificación/posición; ranking

They published a league table of branches

Question 8

perpetuate (-s, -ed, -ed)
[to cause something to continue]

Answer 8

perpetuar

Increasing the supply of weapons will only perpetuate the violence and anarchy

Question 9

two-tier system
[a system with two separate levels, one of which is better than the other]

Answer 9

sistema de dos niveles

Question 10

perceive (-s, -ed, -ed)
[see, consider]

Answer 10

percibir

Private schools are often perceived to be better than public schools

Question 11

be better-off = richer (adj)
The better-off (n)

Answer 11

tener más dinero; estar en mejor situación
Las personas más acomodadas

Question 12

well-endowed (adj)
[having a lot of something, especially money or possessions]

Answer 12

bien dotado/a

(1) having a lot of something, especially money or possessions
(2) It is a very well-endowed college

Question 13

endow (-s, -ed, -ed)
[to provide]

Answer 13

dotar

She was endowed with great beauty

Question 14

claim (-s, -ed, -ed)
[say, demand]

Answer 14

(1) afirmar, asegurar, pretender

The company claims (that) it is not responsible for the pollution in the river.
He claims to have met the president, but I don’t believe him.
All parties have claimed success in yesterday’s elections

(2) reclamar

The police said that if no one claims the watch, you can keep it.
When King Richard III died, Henry VII claimed the English throne

Question 15

claim (n)
[statement, demand]

Answer 15

(1) afirmación, declaración

claims of drug use in sports
the astronomer’s claim that black holes may not exist

(2) reclamación

To make a claim you have to fill out the form below

(3) derecho

Does he have a claim to U.S. nationality?

Question 16

(1) depress (-es, -ed, -ed)

(2) depressing (adj)

(3) depressingly (adv)

Answer 16

(1) deprimir, reducir

Doesn’t it depress you listening to the news these days.
It depresses me to think that I’ll probably still be doing exactly the same job in ten years’ time.

(2) deprimente

It was very depressing watching the news tonight.
It’s depressing to think that it will soon be winter.

(3) deprimentemente

A depressingly familiar pattern of behavior

Question 17

less well-off = poorer

Answer 17

menos favorecidos, de escasos recursos

Question 18

(1) excel (-s, -led, -led)
[to be extremely good at something; achieve an excellent standard]

(2) excel yourself = to do something better than you usually do

Answer 18

(1) destacar, sobresalir

Rebecca always excelled in languages at school

(2) lucirse

The British team have excelled themselves this year to reach the finals

Question 19

scholarship, -s

[money given to pay for studies, usually provided on the basis of academic merit]

Answer 19

beca, -s

He got/won a scholarship to Harvard.
She won a scholarship to study at Stanford
Paula went to the Royal College of Music on a scholarship

Question 20

bursary, -ies

[money given to pay for studies, usually provided on the basis of need]

Answer 20

ayuda/beca de estudio

You can apply for a training/travel/maintenance bursary to cover the cost of attending the course.

Question 21

tertiary education

[education at university or college level]

Answer 21

educación terciaria

More than 60% of American high school graduates start some form of tertiary education.

Question 22

student loan, -s

[money that students can borrow from a bank while studying and then pay back once they are in work]

Answer 22

préstamo estudiantil

It took three years to repay my student loan

Question 23

tuition fees (pl)

[money paid to receive teaching]

Answer 23

costos de matrícula

Students have to borrow £9,000 a year to pay their tuition fees

Question 24

literacy

[the ability to read and write]

[knowledge of a particular subject, or a particular type of knowledge]

Answer 24

(1) alfabetización

The country has a literacy rate of almost 98%

(2) dominio

We’re looking to hire an assistant with a high level of digital literacy

Question 25

numeracy

[ability to do basic mathematics]

Answer 25

habilidad matemática

Statistics on the literacy and numeracy of twelve-year-olds

Question 26

lifelong/continuing education

[classes for adults who have finished their school education, in a range of different subjects]

Answer 26

educación continua , formación continuada (para todas las edades)

Question 27

mature student, -s

[adult students older than the average student]

Answer 27

estudiante mayor

Question 28

special needs education

[education for children who cannot learn in the normal way, because they have some disability]

Answer 28

educación para necesidades especiales

Question 29

one-to-one (adj, adv)

[one teacher and one pupil, not a group]

Answer 29

individual; uno a uno

These children have special educational needs and require one-to-one attention

Question 30

get to grips with sth
come to grips with sth