2. Design influences, styles and movements Flashcards
When was the Arts and Crafts movement?
1850 - 1900
What was the key point of the Arts and Crafts movement?
traditional crafts rather than machines
What influenced the Arts and Crafts movement?
- reaction to Industrial Revolution
- reaction to loss of traditional skills
- overuse of ornamentation
What inspired the Arts and Crafts movement?
- medieval craft guilds
- simplicity
- natural forms
- beauty of timber
What are features of the Arts and Crafts movement?
- ‘honest’
- handmade
- traditional methods
- grain and figure of oak clearly displayed
- use of patterned, natural forms on tiles, wallpaper and textiles
Who are the Arts and Crafts designers?
- William Morris
- Charles Voysey
- Richard Norman Shaw
When was the Art Deco movement?
1925 - 1939
What was the key point of the Art Deco movement?
popular modernism with exotic influences
What influenced and inspired the Art Deco movement?
- end of WWI
- aspirational consumers
- popularity of travel
- growth of mass production
- range of international styles
What are features of the Art Deco movement?
- stepped decorations
- sunburst motifs
- stylised, geometrical form of products
- contrasts with Art Nouveau
- bold colours as well as black and chrome
Who are the Art Deco designers?
- Clarice Cliff
- Eileen Gray
- René Lalique
- Walter Dorwin Teague
When was the Modernism: Bauhaus movement?
1919 - 1933
What was the key point of the Bauhaus movement?
machine aesthetic approach to ‘form follows function’
What influenced and inspired the Bauhaus movement?
- Post-WWI idealism
- abolition of censorship
- Arts and Craft views on form and function
- geometrically pure forms
What are the features of the Bauhaus movement?
- founded as an art school by Walter Gropius
- eventually closed due to pressure from Nazis
- basic principle of ‘form follows function’
- rejecting liberal use of decoration such as natural forms of Art Nouveau
- embraced mass production
- used modern materials such as tubular steel
- contrasting with Arts and Crafts
- machine aesthetic
- work often criticised
