2. Constraints on Movement Flashcards
What are Transformations?
Formal movement rules introduced in the late 1950s
What are impossible movements?
PP from PP DP from DP VP from VP --> XP from XP
What is the A-over principe?
the movement of a phrase cannot be out of a phrase of the same category
What are Islands?
constituents from which it is impossible to move anything
Who identified and when islands?
Ross
List the types of Islands
WH-Island
Copmlex DP Island
Sentential Subject Island
Coordinated Structure Island
What is the Wh-Island?
No phrase can be moved out of a clause that begins with a wh-element
also covers relative clauses
What is the Copmpley DP ISland?
No phrase can be moved out of a clause which is contained inside a DP (also covers relative clauses!)
What is the sentential subject island?
No phrase can be moved out of a CP that is the subject of another clause
What is the coordinated structure island?
No phrase can move out of a phrase that is coordinated
Who proposed subjacency?
Chomsky, 1973
What is subjacency?
certain categories are hurdles that have to be jumped over by moving phrases
What are bounding Nodes?
IP and DP
What is the principle of ubjacency?
No single movement can cross more than one bounding node
What are the constraints on head movements?
Head movements are always short
They never cross clause boundaries
True or False: Heads must move to the their closest head position
?
True
What is The connection between head movement and phrase movement?
both constraints prevent long distance movement
True or False? A wh-phrase must move to its closest CP specifier
True
True or False?
A DP must move to its nearest subject position
What is relativised minimality?
An element must move to its nearest relevant position
Movements must be as short as possible
