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SF Med Term > 2 Body Structure, Color, Oncology > Flashcards

2 Body Structure, Color, Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

Cell

A

Basic unit of all living things. Human body composed of trillions of cells which vary in size and shape according to function

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2
Q

Cell membrane

A

Forms boundary of cell (outside, like the cell skin)

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3
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Gel like fluid inside cell

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4
Q

Nucleus

A

Largest structure within cell, usually spherical and centrally locates. Contains chromosomes for cellular reproduction and is the control center of the cell

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5
Q

Chromosomes

A

Located in nucleus of cell. 46 chromosomes in normal humans cells, with the exception of nature sex cells (23)

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6
Q

Genes

A

Regions within the chromosome. Each chromosome has several thousand genes that determine hereditary characteristics

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7
Q

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

A

Comprises each gene; is a genetic material that regulates the activities of the cell

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8
Q

Tissue

A

Group of similar cells that perform a specific function

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9
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Composed of cells that have a special ability to contract, usually producing movement

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10
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Found in nerves, spinal cord, brain. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling body activities

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11
Q

Connective tissue

A

Connects supports penetrates and encases various body structures. Adipose (fat), osseous (bone) tissues, and blood are types of connective tissue.

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12
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Major covering of the external surface of the body; forms membrane that line body cavities and organs and is the major tissue in glands

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13
Q

Organ

A

Two or more kinds of tissues that together perform special body functions. For example, the skin is an organ composed of epithelial connective muscle and nerve tissue

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14
Q

System

A

Group of organs hat work together to perform complex body functions. For example, the cardiovascular system consists of heart blood vessels and blood. It’s function is to transport nutrient and oxygen to the cells and remove carbon dioxide and other waste products

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15
Q

Genome

A

Complete set of genes for all the cells of a specific organ

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16
Q

Genomics

A

Study of genome and its products and interactions

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17
Q

Medical genomics

A

Study of genome and how it can be used to determine cause treatment prevention of disease.

18
Q

Gene therapy

A

Any therapy in which genes are intentionally introduced into human body to achieve gene repair suppression or addition.

19
Q

Hematopoietic stem cells

A

Immature cells from
Bone marrow and peripheral blood. Can develop into mature cells of any type of body tissue or form mature blood cells.
Can be obtained for transplantation from the own patient, identical twin, or from
Sibling or other individual

20
Q

Autologous

A

Transplantation from self

21
Q

Synergetic

A

Transplantation from identical twin

22
Q

Allogenic

A

Transplantation from sibling or other

23
Q

Embryonic stem cells

A

Derived from earliest stage of development of the embryo and have potential to develop into mature body cells

24
Q

Leukemia

A

Cancer involving white blood cells

25
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

Disease of inadequate production of blood cells

26
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

Cancer that forms tumors in bone marrow

27
Q

Lymphoma

A

Cancer involving lymphoid cells

28
Q

Organization of body: four categories

A

Cells, tissues, organs, systems

29
Q

Ten systems acronym

A

IRUR
Clearly loving dat marvelous new Elli

IRURCLDMNE

30
Q

Ten systems list

A 
Integumentary 
Respiratory
Urinary
Reproductive
Cardiovascular 
Lymphatic
Digestive
Musculoskeletal 
Nervous
Endocrine
31
Q

Integumentary

A

Hair skin nails glands
Protective covering
Regulates body temp
Produces vitamin D

32
Q

Respiratory system

A

Nose pharynx larynx trachea bronchial tubes lungs

Performs respiration, exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within body

33
Q

Urinary

A

Kidneys ureters bladder urethra

Removes waste material, regulates fluid volume, maintains electrolyte concentration

34
Q

Reproductive

A

Female: ovaries tubes uterus vagina mammary glands
Male: tested urethra penis prostate gland tubes

Heredity and reproduction

35
Q

Cardiovascular

A

Heart blood vessels

Pumps and transports blood through body

36
Q

Lymphatic

A

Network of vessels ducts nodes organs
Defense against infection
Drainage of extracellular fluid

37
Q

Digestive

A

Gastrointestinal tract
Mouth esophagus stomach largevand small intestines
Prepares food for use by body cells and eliminates waste

38
Q

Musculoskeletal

A 
Muscles bones joints
Movement and framework for body 
Protects vital organs 
Stores calcium
Produces red blood cells
39
Q

Nervous

A

Brian spinal cord and nervous

Regulates body

40
Q

Endocrine

A

Glands that secret hormones

Regulate body activities

SF Med Term (1 decks)

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