2. Autumn 1 - Teacher A (Miss Langford)- Memory

Question 1

define memory

Answer 1

the process in which we retain and recall information about past events

Question 2

2 types of memory

Answer 2

short term memory- STM
long term memory - LTM

Question 3

features of memory

Answer 3

capacity
duration
coding

Question 4

define the types of coding

Answer 4

acoustic- information is stored in sounds
semantic - information is stored in meaning of the experience

Question 5

STM features

Answer 5

capacity of 7+/- 2 things
duration of 2-30 seconds
coding is acoustic

Question 6

LTM features

Answer 6

capacity can be unlimited
duration of up to 100 years/ a lifetime
coding is semantic

Question 7

study for duration of STM

Answer 7

Peterson and Peterson 1959
24 undergraduates were shown a consonant trigram and 3 digit number and asked to count back in 3s from the number then recall the letters after a period of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 seconds.
90% correct after 3 seconds
20% correct after 9 seconds
just 2% could recall the letters after 18 seconds, showing that STM duration is less than 18 seconds when verbal rehearsal is prevented

Question 8

Baddeley memory 1966
main aim and procedure

Answer 8

test of memory
72 British participants in a lab
list of words to remember and recall
1. acoustically similar
2. acoustically dissimilar
3. semantically similar
4. semantically dissimilar

Question 9

Baddeley memory
findings

Answer 9

when asked to recall straight away they did worse with acoustically similar words as they get muddled in your head- shows that STM is coded acoustically

when asked to recall after 20 minutes, they did worse on semantically similar words showing LTM is coded semantically