2. ATOMS, IONS, AND COMPOUNDS Flashcards

1
Q

Define Isotope

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different mass numbers

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2
Q

Define Relative isotopic mass

A

The mass of an isotope compared with 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

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3
Q

Define Relative atomic mass

A

The weighted mean mass of an atom compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

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4
Q

What is a Cation?

A

A positively charged ion

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5
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negatively charged ion

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6
Q

What is the location, charge, and mass of a Proton, Electron, and Neutron?

A

p+:
location = in the nucleus
charge = 1+
mass = 1

e-:
location = in shells surrounding the nucleus
charge = 1-
mass = 1/1836

n:
location = in the nucleus
charge = 0
mass = 1

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7
Q

Why do isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties?

A

Atoms of the same element have the same numbers of electrons and the same electron configuration.

The number of neutrons has no effect on the reactions of an element

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8
Q

What is mass spectrometry used in?

A

The determination of:

Relative isotopic masses

and

Relative abundances

of the isotope

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9
Q

What is the mass-to-charge ratio?

A

Relative mass of ion / relative charge of ion

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10
Q

When is relative molecular and relative formula mass used?

A

Relative molecular mass - used for simple molecules

Relative formula mass - used for compounds with giant structures

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11
Q

List all the ions you need to know

A

NO3^- = nitrate
CO3^2- = carbonate
SO4^2- = sulfate
OH^- = hydroxide
NH4^+ = ammonium
Zn^2+ = zinc
Ag^+ = silver

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12
Q

List the diatomic molecules you need to know

A

H2
Br2
N2
O2
F2
I2
P4
S8

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13
Q

List the polyatomic ions you need to know

A

Ammonium = NH4^+

Hydroxide = OH^-
Nitrate = NO3^-
Nitride = NO2^-
Hydrogencarbonate = HCO3^-
Manganate (VII) (permanganate) = MnO4^-

Carbonate = CO3^2-
Sulfate = SO4^2-
Sulfite = SO3^2-
Dichromate (VI) = Cr2O7^2-

Phosphate = PO4^3-

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