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Surgery > 2. AS - Anesthetic Equipment > Flashcards

2. AS - Anesthetic Equipment Flashcards

1
Q

This device allows PPV and more efficient gas delivery when properly place:

A

Endotracheal Tube

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2
Q

A properly inflated ET tube cuff prevents/facilitates:

A

Prevents:
1. anesthetic dilution (room air)
2. waste gas leaking
Reduce:
1. Aspiration risk
Facilitates:
1. PPV

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3
Q

Inexpensive, Flexible, Absorbent (disinfectants), and kink/collapse are positive and negative characteristics of:

A

Rubber ET Tubes

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4
Q

A Murphy Tube has what advantage over a Magill Tube?

A

Murphy tube has a murphy hole - Prevents complete obstruction of tube if plugged with mucus or tracheal wall.

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5
Q

ET Tubes are measured by:

A

Internal diameter in mm.
Dogs: 5-18 mm
Cats: 2.5 - 4.5 mm

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6
Q

This tool is used to depress the tongue and illuminate the oral cavity:

A

Laryngoscope

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7
Q

This tool:

  1. Connects to the glottis opening.
  2. Maintains airway w/o tracheal invasion.
  3. Decreases laryngospasm, dead space resistance, airway trauma, post-op coughing.
  4. Expensive
A

Supraglottic Airway Devices

(SAD)

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8
Q

Oxygen Cylinders contain:
A. 90% Oxygen Concentration
B. 85% Oxygen Concentration
C. 100% Oxygen Concentration
D. 75% Oxygen Concentration

A

C. 100% Oxygen Concentration

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9
Q

Oxygen’s second purpose during anesthesia is to:

A

Act as the carrier gas to deliver the anesthetic.

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10
Q

High Oxygen concentration is required for anesthesia to prevent hypoxia due to:

A

Decreased RR & TV.

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11
Q

E, H, and I, are different types of:

A

Oxygen Cylinders

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12
Q

Oxygen Cylinders should always be stored:

A

Upright in a cart or chained to a wall.

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13
Q

A full Oxygen Cylinder will have a pressure gauge reading of:

A

2200 psi

(660 L)

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14
Q

An Oxygen Cylinder should never be allowed to drop below:

A

100 - 200 psi

(Change to new cylinder)

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15
Q

psi X 0.3 =

A

Cylinder Volume in liters.

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16
Q

Flow rate / 60 minutes =

A

Available duration of Oxygen Cylinder use.

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17
Q

Regulating pressure to 50 psi is done by the:

A

Pressure Reducing Valve

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18
Q

What part of the anesthetic machine is described below:

  1. Set measured flow rate
  2. On to deliver O2
  3. On to deliver anesthetic
  4. Pressure reduced to 15 psi
A

Oxygen Flowmeter

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19
Q

Coverts agent specific liquid anesthetic to gas and adjusts percentage of anesthetic to carrier concentration:

A

Vaporizer

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20
Q

This piece of anesthetic equipment should not be tilted or jostled, and should be replenished at the end of day in a well ventilated area:

A

Vaporizer

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21
Q

Used to bypass the flowmeter and vaporizer, adding oxygen to the system at a fast rate (30-50L / min):

A

Oxygen Flush Valve

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22
Q

When using the Oxygen Flush Vale, you should never:

A

Distend the rebreathing bag

Create pressure on manometer

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23
Q

The new gas and anesthetic enter the circuit at the:

A

Fresh Gas Inlet

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24
Q

What is the order of travel through the anesthetic circuit?

A
  1. Inspiratory Unidirectional Valve
  2. Reservoir/Rebreathing Bag
  3. Connecting hoses (Ex: Y-piece)
  4. Expiratory Unidirectional Valve
  5. Pop-Off Valve
  6. CO2 Absorption Chamber
  7. Pressure Manometer
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25
Q

Used to give patients a breath and create PPV:

A

Rebreathing Bag

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26
Q

Tidal Volume =

A

5mL/Lb or 11mL/kg

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27
Q

Rebreathing bag should be:

A

At least 5 - 6 X TV

28
Q

Small Animal Anesthesia Rebreathing bag sizes range:

A

0.25L, 0.5L, 1L, and 2L

29
Q

Why is PPV beneficial?

A
  1. Prevents atelectasis
  2. Flushes airways with fresh gas
  3. Life saving if patient not breathing
30
Q

The Carbon Dioxide Absorption Chamber is filled with:

A

Soda Lime

(Calcium hydroxide)

31
Q

The Soda Lime is saturated and should be changed when:

A
  1. Coloration is blue/purple
  2. Brittle (Difficult to break)
32
Q

Shows pressure in the anesthetic circuit:

A

Pressure Manometer

33
Q

When bagging, the pressure gate for dogs and cats should:

A
  1. Dogs - stay between 15 - 20 mm H2O
  2. Cats - stay between 12-15 mm H2O
34
Q

Open for non-rebreathing and closed for rebreathing / bagging:

A

Pop-Off Valve

35
Q

Never do this with the pop-off valve:

A

Leave it closed (unmonitored)

Creates pressure in system & can cause pulmonary rupture.

36
Q

Admits room air in to circuit if negative pressure occurs:

A

Air Intake Valve

37
Q

Negative pressure is caused by:

A
  1. Oxygen flow rate is too low
  2. Scavenger flow rate is too high
38
Q

What carriers waste gas away?

A

Scavenger Line

39
Q

Use of a pump or fan to remove waste gas is done with:

A

Active Scavenger

40
Q

Use of a gravity to remove waste gas is done with:

A

Passive (Chemical) Scavenger

41
Q

A Chemical Scavenger is saturated and should be replaced:

A
  1. 50g weight gain
  2. 12 hours of use
42
Q

Precision Vaporizers are designed for what purposes?

A

Deliver exact concentration (in %) of high vapor pressure anesthetic gases.

43
Q

At what rate are some Precision Vaporizers considered inaccurate?

A

< 250 - 500mL/minute

44
Q

Non-precision Vaporizers are used for:

A

Low vapor pressure anesthetic gases.

(Ex: methoxyflurane - no long used in US)

45
Q

True or False:

A Non-precision vaporizer compensates for room temperature, flow, and back pressure.

A

False.

A precision vaporizer does.

46
Q

Which type of vaporizer is VOC?

A

Precision Vaporizer

(Vaporizer Out of Circle)

47
Q

Which type of vaporizer is VIC?

A

Non-precision Vaporizer

(Vaporizer In Circle)

48
Q

Circular air flow & reuse of exhaled gas are part of a:

A

Rebreathing system

(CO2 removed by soda lime)

49
Q

A low O2 flow rate and closed Pop off valve are used in:

A

Total Rebreathing Systems

50
Q

Higher O2 flow rate, Gases replaced with fresh O2 & anesthetic, and a partly opened pop-off valve are used in:

A

Partial Rebreathing Systems

51
Q

Exhaled gas is disposed and fresh gas flow is high in:

A

Non-rebreathing Systems

52
Q

Why should low O2 flow rates be avoided in a non-rebreathing system?

A

Low flow rates can lead to CO2 buildup since CO2 chamber not used.

53
Q

Choice of breathing system is determined by what 6 factors?

A
  1. Patient Size
  2. Convenience
  3. Cost
  4. Rate of control
  5. Heat & Moisture conservation
  6. Waste gas production
54
Q

VT or TV =

A

11mL/kg or 5mL/lb

55
Q

RMV =

(Respiratory Minute Volume)

A

VT X RR

(~ 100 - 200 mL/kg/min)

56
Q

RR =

A

Respiratory Rate

ave. = 10 - 20 br/min

57
Q

Minimum metabolic O2 requirement for anesthetized patients =

A

5 - 10 mL/kg/min

58
Q

Mask Induction O2 Flow Rate =

A

30 X VT = 300 mL/kg/min

< 10kg = 1 - 3 L/min

> 10kg = 3 - 5 L/min

59
Q

Induction Chamber O2 Flow Rate =

60
Q

O2 Flow Rate for a Semi-Closed Rebreathing System with Inj. Induction, Changing Depth, and during Recovery:

A

50 - 100 mL/kg/min

61
Q

O2 Flow Rate for Maintenance using a Semi-Close Rebreathing System:

A

20 - 40 mL/kg/min

62
Q

Minimal Rebreathing with a Semi-Closed System:

A

200 - 300 mL/kg/min

63
Q

O2 Flow Rate for a Closed Rebreathing System:

A

5 - 10 mL/kg/min

ONLY used for maintenance

64
Q

O2 Flow Rate in a Mapleson A or Modified Mapleson A Non-Rebreathing System:

A

100 - 200 mL/kg/min

65
Q

O2 Flow Rate for Mapleson D or Bain Non-rebreathing System:

A

300 - 400 mL/kg/min

Surgery (8 decks)

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