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Aquaculture > 2) Aquaculture (1) > Flashcards

2) Aquaculture (1) Flashcards

1
Q

The farming of aquatic organisms in inland and coastal areas, involving intervention in the rearing process to enhance production and the individual or corporate ownership of the stock being cultivated (FAO)

A

Aquaculture

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2
Q

Fisheries operations involving all forms of raising and culturing fish and other fishery species in fresh, brackish, and marine water areas (RA 8550)

A

Aquaculture

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3
Q

top producing countries in 2010 in terms of aquaculture; where does Philippines

A
  1. china - 61%
  2. indonesia - 8%
  3. india - 6%
  4. viet nam - 3%
  5. philippines - 3%
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4
Q

Aquaculture can be classified according to the following:

A
  • aquatic environment
  • species cultured
  • systems/structures utilized
  • level of intensity
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5
Q

Aquaculture can be classified according to what?

A
  • aquatic environment
  • species cultured
  • systems/structurs utilized
  • level of intensity
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6
Q

Classification of aquaculture according to level of intensity

A
  • Backyard aquaculture
  • Extensive aquaculture
  • Intensive aquaculture
  • Semi-intensive aquaculture
  • Super-intensive aquaculture
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7
Q

Classification of aquaculture according to species cultured

A
  • shrimp aquaculture
  • finfish aquaculture
  • seaweed culture
  • bivalve culture
  • etc.
  • Monoculture or polyculture
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8
Q

classification of aquaculture according to systems/structures utilized

A
  • pens
  • raceways
  • tanks
  • cages
  • ponds
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9
Q

Rate at which energy/biomass is produced per unit area over a specifide period of time (i.e. kcal/m2/year or tons/hectare/year)

A

Productivity

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10
Q

Measuring Primary Productivity

A

Chlorophyll Method

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11
Q

Light and Dark Bottle Method (measuring oxygen produced)

A

Chlorophyll Method

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12
Q

The amount of a given activity that can be accommodated within the environmental capacity of a defined area

A

Carrying Capacity

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13
Q

the maximum quantity of fi sh that any particular body of water can support over a long period without negative effects to the fish and to the environment (maximum standing crop).

A

carrying capacity in aquaculture

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14
Q

carrying capacity can be increased through

A
  • fertilization
  • supplemental feeding
  • aeration
  • maintenance of water quality.
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15
Q

Nutrients are added to aquaculture systems in order to ___ and ___.

A
  1. augment the carrying capacity
  2. increase productivity
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16
Q

Nutrients are supplied via

A

the application of fertilizers (either organic or inorganic)

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17
Q

major nutrients

A
  • Nitrogen (N)
  • Phosphorus (P)
  • Potassium (K)
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18
Q

different forms of nitrogen

A
  • Nitrogen gas (N2)
  • ammonia (NH4)
  • nitrite (NO2)
  • nitrate (NO3)
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19
Q

Phosphorus are present in natural waters as

A
  • orthophosphate
  • undifferentiated organic phosphates
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20
Q

In soil, P is most available between pH

A

pH 5.5 and 7

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21
Q

Potassium is important in

A

osmoregulation and other metabolic processes in plants

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22
Q

Camilla dripisera

A

Teaseed

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23
Q

teaseed contains

A

10-15% saponin

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24
Q

teaseed should be applied (how many?

A

200 kg/ha

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25
Q

tobacco dust contains

A

nicotine

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26
Q

how much tobacco dust should be applied?

A

15 kg/ha

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27
Q

derris root contains

A

rotenone

28
Q

water increment in lablab production

A

5-30 cm

29
Q

water increment in lumot production

A

30-60 cm

30
Q

water increment in microalgae production

A

60-120 cm

31
Q

shape of pond

A

rectangular

32
Q

depth of shallow end of pond

A

0.5 - 1m deep

33
Q

depth of sloping end of pond

A

1.5 - 2 m deep

34
Q

dike shape

A

trapezoidal

35
Q

8 steps in pond preparation

A

1) pond draining
2) levelling of pond bottom
3) pond drying
4) application of lime
5) application of fertilizer
6) screening water inlet and outlet and gate boards
7) filling pond with filtered water
8) stocking

36
Q

common used organic fertilizer for pond preparation

A

chicken manure

37
Q

type of fertilizer applicable for pond preparation

A

1) organic fertilizer
2) inorganic fertilizer

38
Q

rate of application for organic fertilizer

A

2000 kg/ha - old pond
3000 kg/ha - new pond

39
Q

rate of application for inorganic fertilizer

A

100 kg/ha - old pond
200 kg/ha - new pond

40
Q

amount of lime for application

A

100 g/m2 or 1000 kg/ha

41
Q

water level to be maintained

A

maintain the water
level at a depth of 0.8 – 1.5 meter

42
Q

Stop feeding ____ before harvest

A

2 days

43
Q

water movement

A

1) Static
2) Flowing

44
Q

example of static water movement

A

earthen ponds

45
Q

example of flowing water movement

A

raceways, cages, tanks

46
Q

General term for all the physical, chemical and biological factors which influence the use of the water.

A

water quality

47
Q

Major Water Parameters

A

 pH and alkalinity
 Salinity
 Dissolved oxygen
 Temperature
 Nutrients
 Nitrogen
 Phosphorous

48
Q

A logarithmic scale for expressing the acidity of a solution

A

pH

49
Q

Measure of the amount of hydrogen ions (H+) in water

A

pH

50
Q

The measurement of the total amount of salts in the water

A

salinity

51
Q

Organisms that can tolerate a wide range of salinities

A

euryhaline

52
Q

those that can tolerate only a narrow range

A

stenohaline

53
Q

Oxygen gas which is in solution

A

Dissolved Oxygen

54
Q

level of DO that can cause stress

A

2 ppm

55
Q

potential harm to fish during high DO

A

gas embolisms or gas bubble disease

56
Q

ideal DO level

A

8 ppm

57
Q

desirable range of DO

A

5-8 ppm

58
Q

DO level that makes fish susceptible to disease or poor health

A

2-5 ppm

59
Q

DO level that could be lethal to fish if prolonged

A

0-2 ppm

60
Q

Nutritional requirements will vary depending on

A
  • Fish size/age
  • Reproductive condition
  • Feeding habits
61
Q

nutrients that is mainly required for growth

A

Proteins

62
Q

( Proteins) muscles and connective tissues

A

fibrous proteins

63
Q

(Proteins) for skin and membranes

A

Collagenous protein

64
Q

(Proteins) for blood

A

Globular protein

65
Q

(Proteins) for metabolic processes

A

Enzymes and hormones

66
Q

Made up of amino acids

A

Proteins

67
Q

Cannot be synthesized by fish

A

Essential amino acids

Aquaculture (3 decks)

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