2 Animal Diversity Flashcards
Give examples of animal clades?
Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes.
What symmetry do sponges have?
Asymmetry.
What are the specialized feeding cells in sponges?
Collar cells (choanocytes).
What are the three types of sponge canal systems?
Asconoid, Syconoid, and Leuconoid.
What is the function of spicules in sponges?
Provide structural support.
How do sponges feed?
Suspension feeding by filtering food particles from water.
What are the two body forms of cnidarians?
Polyp (immobile) and Medusa (mobile).
What specialized cells do cnidarians use for stinging?
Cnidocytes with nematocysts.
How do cnidarians exchange gases?
Through passive diffusion.
What are the two tissue layers in cnidarians?
Epidermis (ectoderm) and gastrodermis (endoderm), with mesoglea in between.
What symmetry do ctenophores have?
Biradial symmetry.
How do ctenophores move?
Using rows of cilia.
How do ctenophores capture prey?
Using glue cells on their tentacles.
What are the main groups of Lophotrochozoa?
Flatworms, Ribbon Worms, Mollusks, Annelids, Lophophorates, and Rotifers.
What is a key characteristic of flatworms?
They are acoelomates with simple nervous and digestive systems.
What is a unique feature of ribbon worms?
They have a proboscis used to capture prey.
What is the primary characteristic of mollusks?
Soft bodies, often with a shell, and a radula for feeding.
What body structure do annelids have for movement?
Segmented body with circular and longitudinal muscles.
How do rotifers move and feed?
Using a ciliated corona.
What are the two major groups of Ecdysozoa?
Roundworms (Nematodes) and Arthropods.
What process do Ecdysozoans undergo to grow?
Molting (ecdysis).
What body cavity type do nematodes have?
Pseudocoelom.
What is the function of the thick cuticle in nematodes?
Protection and structural support.
What are the four major arthropod groups?
Myriapods, Chelicerates, Crustaceans, and Hexapods (Insects).
