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AAC > (2) AAC and Communication Disorders > Flashcards

(2) AAC and Communication Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

How many __ million in the world can benefit from AAC

A

97 million people

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2
Q

What are the 7 developmental disorders

A

(1) Cerebral Palsy
(2) Down Syndrome
(3) ASD
(4) Global Delay and Learning Difficulties
(5) Sensory Impairment
(6) CAS
(7) Specific Language Impairment

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3
Q

____ is the general term for a number of neurological complications that affect movement and coordination

A

Cerebral Palsy

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4
Q

CP is usually caused by injury to the?

A

Injury to the brain before, during, or after birth

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5
Q

What are the three broad types of CP?

Explain each (keyword)

A

(1) Spastic CP
- muscle tone is tight

(2) Dyskinetic CP
- muscle movements are uncontrolled and involuntary

(3) Ataxic CP
- unsteady and shaky movements

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6
Q

In terms of cognition, most of those with CP are _____

A

Cognitively okay

They developed RL easily

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7
Q

T or F: An OT should be consulted to find the best switch access

A

True

Since eye-gaze technology might be an option

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8
Q

What are the factors to consider when tailoring AAC for cerebral palsy?

A

(1) Make items BIGGER or modify the size
(2) Control Sight
(3) Icons

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9
Q

What should we always consider in CP?

There are 2 answers

A

Consider motor and cognitive aspect

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10
Q

Down Syndrome is a ___ resulting from ______ resulting in _______

A

Down Syndrome is a GENETIC CONDITION resulting from TRISONOMY OF CHROMOSOME 21 resulting in LEARNING DISABILITY

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11
Q

Down Syndrome are likely to have?

A

Reduced muscle tone, Heart Defects, Conductive Hearing Loss

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12
Q

Down Syndrome follows expected lang acquisition but there is ____

A

Delay

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13
Q

DS are what learners? They have difficulties with?

A

They are visual learners who have difficulty with higher language functions (abstract and reasoning)

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14
Q

Why is AAC helpful for DS patients?

A

(1) They can have physical anomalies and structural deviations affecting their speech
(2) Low tonicity

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15
Q

Factors to consider when tailoring AAC for DS

A

(1) Simple and Understandable Icons
(2) Add words for needs and wants

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16
Q

What should we always consider in DS?

A

Muscle tone of the patient

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17
Q

Autism Spectrum Disorder is a ______ which affects what?

A

It is a DEVELOPMENTAL CONDITION

Affects how they experience the world and interact with others

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18
Q

____ experiences of people with ASD are different

A

Sensory

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19
Q

Children with ASD benefit from _____

A

Visual Support

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20
Q

What is the hallmark of ASD?

A

Communication Disorder

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21
Q

Factors to consider when tailoring AAC for ASD

A

(1) Icons should not be overwhelming
(2) Put quotes and phrases of needs and wants

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22
Q

Differentiate ASD with DS

(the keyword)

A

Down Syndrome = GENETIC condition

Autism Spectrum Disorder = DEVELOPMENTAL condition

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23
Q

Define Globally delayed

A

A child who does not reach a number of developmental milestones on time

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24
Q

If GD goes beyond the age of five it is now called?

A

Learning Difficulties

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25
In learning difficulties, we now recognize the?
Cognitive tests
26
Usually, children with GDD have?
(1) Poor RL (2) Limited Exposure which leads to limited schema (3) They need more support to comprehend (like visuals)
27
Children with GDD need?
Exposure
28
28. ______ may be associated with other neurological conditions (like CP or genetic conditions)
Sensory Impairments
29
In affectations: If there is only 1 Sensory impairment = _____ Hearing impairment = ______ Visual impairment = ____
1 sensory impairment = Normal Language Acquisition Hearing Impairment = Language acquisition is likely affected Visual Impairment = Likely develop language
30
T or F: During the first year or two of life, the child's level of sensory impairment may not be known
True This is why we find other ways to see how they make use of information (thru reciprocity and joint attention)
31
Define Joint Attention
Ability to share a focus of interest with other people
32
Define Reciprocity
Ability to mirror the facial expressions and body language of others
33
Why do sensory-impaired kids need AAC?
They have difficulty grasping concepts
34
Tool For those visually impaired kids? Would it help them in communicating?
Braille NO it would not help them in communicating
35
Difficulty making precise motor movements for speech
Childhood Apraxia of Speech
36
Individuals with CAS have difficulty in: (2 answers)
(1) Difficulty in producing Individual Sounds (2) Sequencing those sounds to make words and phrases
37
T or F: Children with CAS have poor RL skills
False They usually have good RL
38
When do you think it is okay to use AAC as mode for intervention in CAS?
(1) No improvement in motor speech intervention (2) Consider the approach (Developmental or Activity/Participation) (3) Differentiate (is it for comprehension or intelligibility)
39
What to include in the AAC for children with CAS?
(1) Functional words (2) Everyway words (3) Thoughts and Feelings (4) Perception and Pronouns
40
Impairment that affects the development of receptive and expressive language
Specific Language Impairment
41
Children with specific language impairment have _______ abilities
Non-verbal Cognitive
42
T or F: Children with SIL need early extensive intervention
False INTENSIVE INTERVENTION
43
What terminologies should be included in the AAC of SIL
Function and Content Words
44
Differentiate Developmental from acquired/degenerative condition
Developmental = acquired language ATYPICALLY but still make progress (atypical because the problems was there from the start and during acquisiton) Acquired/Degenerative = acquired language in a TYPICAL WAY (because the condition arrived later in life where the px already learned how to talk)
45
What is under acquired injury?
Brain and Head Injury
46
Result of a head injury, a stroke or a tumor
Brain and Head Injury
47
T or F: Brain and Head Injury patients' symptoms vary depending on the part of the brain affected. There may be temporary or permanent cognitive, physical, sensory or language impairments
True
48
Patient with brain and head in jury usually have ____ (disorder)
Aphasia
49
What are the 2 under degenerative conditions in Childhood
RETT Syndrome and Muscular Dystrophy
50
Define RETT syndrome
Rare condition predominantly affecting girls Typically appears 6-12 months
51
In RETT Syndrome: There is rapid regression between ____ years
1 - 4 years
52
In RETT Syndrome: What AAC competency is highly affected
Operational competency
53
How to envision the AAC board with children with RETT syndrome
(1) Big spaced out icons (2) Placement of Eye level
54
Group of muscle-wasting conditions
Muscular Dystrophy
55
Muscular Dystrophy vary in? What MD is the most severe one?
Vary in sensitivity Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. being the severe one
56
In Muscular Dystrophy: Legs weakened around what age
7 - 11 years old
57
In Muscular Dystrophy: Arms weakened around what age
12 - 14 years old
58
In Muscular Dystrophy: Ventilators at the age of
20s to 30s
59
T of F: AAC Board for MD is the same with CP (big icons)
True
60
What are the 5 under degenerative conditions in adulthood
Motor Neuron Disease Multiple Sclerosis Parkinson's Disease Alzheimer's Disease Huntington's Disease
61
Group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases which attack the motor neurone and lead to weakness and wasting of muscles
Motor Neuron Disease
62
Group of conditions of the central nervous system where specific symptoms depend on which part of the nervous system was affected
Multiple Sclerosis
63
Progressive neurological condition
Parkinson's Disease
64
What happens when a person has PD, there is reduction in ___
Reduction of dopamine in the brain Leading to tremor, slow movements and stiff and inflexible muscles
65
What are affected in PD?
Operational and Movement
66
If there are tremors in PD, the icons should be__ There are also tools used to avoid missing out when pointing or missed hits
Larger Keyguards
67
What is the most common cause of dementia?
Alzheimer’s Disease
68
What does Alzheimer’s Disease cause?
(1) Memory loss (2) Difficulties with thinking, problem-solving, and language
69
In AD: It progresses over the age of
65 years old or older
70
Hereditary neurological disease
Huntington’s Disease
71
What does HD affect?
Affects movement, cognition, behavior, and language
72
In HD: AAC helps what aspect?
Behavior and Social Communication
73
Differentiate the last three diseases (PD, AD, HD) keywords
PD: PROGRESSIVE neurological condition (P=P ; Parkinson's = Progressive) AD: Dementia HD: HEREDITARY neurological disease (H =H ; Huntington's = Hereditary)

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