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AAC > (2) AAC and Communication Disorders > Flashcards

(2) AAC and Communication Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

How many __ million in the world can benefit from AAC

A

97 million people

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2
Q

What are the 7 developmental disorders

A

(1) Cerebral Palsy
(2) Down Syndrome
(3) ASD
(4) Global Delay and Learning Difficulties
(5) Sensory Impairment
(6) CAS
(7) Specific Language Impairment

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3
Q

____ is the general term for a number of neurological complications that affect movement and coordination

A

Cerebral Palsy

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4
Q

CP is usually caused by injury to the?

A

Injury to the brain before, during, or after birth

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5
Q

What are the three broad types of CP?

Explain each (keyword)

A

(1) Spastic CP
- muscle tone is tight

(2) Dyskinetic CP
- muscle movements are uncontrolled and involuntary

(3) Ataxic CP
- unsteady and shaky movements

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6
Q

In terms of cognition, most of those with CP are _____

A

Cognitively okay

They developed RL easily

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7
Q

T or F: An OT should be consulted to find the best switch access

A

True

Since eye-gaze technology might be an option

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8
Q

What are the factors to consider when tailoring AAC for cerebral palsy?

A

(1) Make items BIGGER or modify the size
(2) Control Sight
(3) Icons

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9
Q

What should we always consider in CP?

There are 2 answers

A

Consider motor and cognitive aspect

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10
Q

Down Syndrome is a ___ resulting from ______ resulting in _______

A

Down Syndrome is a GENETIC CONDITION resulting from TRISONOMY OF CHROMOSOME 21 resulting in LEARNING DISABILITY

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11
Q

Down Syndrome are likely to have?

A

Reduced muscle tone, Heart Defects, Conductive Hearing Loss

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12
Q

Down Syndrome follows expected lang acquisition but there is ____

A

Delay

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13
Q

DS are what learners? They have difficulties with?

A

They are visual learners who have difficulty with higher language functions (abstract and reasoning)

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14
Q

Why is AAC helpful for DS patients?

A

(1) They can have physical anomalies and structural deviations affecting their speech
(2) Low tonicity

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15
Q

Factors to consider when tailoring AAC for DS

A

(1) Simple and Understandable Icons
(2) Add words for needs and wants

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16
Q

What should we always consider in DS?

A

Muscle tone of the patient

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17
Q

Autism Spectrum Disorder is a ______ which affects what?

A

It is a DEVELOPMENTAL CONDITION

Affects how they experience the world and interact with others

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18
Q

____ experiences of people with ASD are different

A

Sensory

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19
Q

Children with ASD benefit from _____

A

Visual Support

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20
Q

What is the hallmark of ASD?

A

Communication Disorder

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21
Q

Factors to consider when tailoring AAC for ASD

A

(1) Icons should not be overwhelming
(2) Put quotes and phrases of needs and wants

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22
Q

Differentiate ASD with DS

(the keyword)

A

Down Syndrome = GENETIC condition

Autism Spectrum Disorder = DEVELOPMENTAL condition

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23
Q

Define Globally delayed

A

A child who does not reach a number of developmental milestones on time

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24
Q

If GD goes beyond the age of five it is now called?

A

Learning Difficulties

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25
Q

In learning difficulties, we now recognize the?

A

Cognitive tests

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26
Q

Usually, children with GDD have?

A

(1) Poor RL
(2) Limited Exposure which leads to limited schema
(3) They need more support to comprehend (like visuals)

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27
Q

Children with GDD need?

A

Exposure

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28
Q
  1. ______ may be associated with other neurological conditions (like CP or genetic conditions)
A

Sensory Impairments

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29
Q

In affectations:

If there is only 1 Sensory impairment = _____

Hearing impairment = ______

Visual impairment = ____

A

1 sensory impairment = Normal Language Acquisition

Hearing Impairment = Language acquisition is likely affected

Visual Impairment = Likely develop language

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30
Q

T or F: During the first year or two of life, the child’s level of sensory impairment may not be known

A

True

This is why we find other ways to see how they make use of information (thru reciprocity and joint attention)

31
Q

Define Joint Attention

A

Ability to share a focus of interest with other people

32
Q

Define Reciprocity

A

Ability to mirror the facial expressions and body language of others

33
Q

Why do sensory-impaired kids need AAC?

A

They have difficulty grasping concepts

34
Q

Tool For those visually impaired kids?

Would it help them in communicating?

A

Braille

NO it would not help them in communicating

35
Q

Difficulty making precise motor movements for speech

A

Childhood Apraxia of Speech

36
Q

Individuals with CAS have difficulty in: (2 answers)

A

(1) Difficulty in producing Individual Sounds
(2) Sequencing those sounds to make words and phrases

37
Q

T or F: Children with CAS have poor RL skills

A

False

They usually have good RL

38
Q

When do you think it is okay to use AAC as mode for intervention in CAS?

A

(1) No improvement in motor speech intervention
(2) Consider the approach (Developmental or Activity/Participation)
(3) Differentiate (is it for comprehension or intelligibility)

39
Q

What to include in the AAC for children with CAS?

A

(1) Functional words
(2) Everyway words
(3) Thoughts and Feelings
(4) Perception and Pronouns

40
Q

Impairment that affects the development of receptive and expressive language

A

Specific Language Impairment

41
Q

Children with specific language impairment have _______ abilities

A

Non-verbal Cognitive

42
Q

T or F: Children with SIL need early extensive intervention

A

False

INTENSIVE INTERVENTION

43
Q

What terminologies should be included in the AAC of SIL

A

Function and Content Words

44
Q

Differentiate Developmental from acquired/degenerative condition

A

Developmental = acquired language ATYPICALLY but still make progress

(atypical because the problems was there from the start and during acquisiton)

Acquired/Degenerative = acquired language in a TYPICAL WAY

(because the condition arrived later in life where the px already learned how to talk)

45
Q

What is under acquired injury?

A

Brain and Head Injury

46
Q

Result of a head injury, a stroke or a tumor

A

Brain and Head Injury

47
Q

T or F: Brain and Head Injury patients’ symptoms vary depending on the part of the brain affected. There may be temporary or permanent cognitive, physical, sensory or language impairments

A

True

48
Q

Patient with brain and head in jury usually have ____ (disorder)

A

Aphasia

49
Q

What are the 2 under degenerative conditions in Childhood

A

RETT Syndrome and Muscular Dystrophy

50
Q

Define RETT syndrome

A

Rare condition predominantly affecting girls

Typically appears 6-12 months

51
Q

In RETT Syndrome: There is rapid regression between ____ years

A

1 - 4 years

52
Q

In RETT Syndrome: What AAC competency is highly affected

A

Operational competency

53
Q

How to envision the AAC board with children with RETT syndrome

A

(1) Big spaced out icons
(2) Placement of Eye level

54
Q

Group of muscle-wasting conditions

A

Muscular Dystrophy

55
Q

Muscular Dystrophy vary in?

What MD is the most severe one?

A

Vary in sensitivity

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. being the severe one

56
Q

In Muscular Dystrophy: Legs weakened around what age

A

7 - 11 years old

57
Q

In Muscular Dystrophy: Arms weakened around what age

A

12 - 14 years old

58
Q

In Muscular Dystrophy: Ventilators at the age of

A

20s to 30s

59
Q

T of F: AAC Board for MD is the same with CP (big icons)

A

True

60
Q

What are the 5 under degenerative conditions in adulthood

A

Motor Neuron Disease
Multiple Sclerosis
Parkinson’s Disease
Alzheimer’s Disease
Huntington’s Disease

61
Q

Group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases which attack the motor neurone and lead to weakness and wasting of muscles

A

Motor Neuron Disease

62
Q

Group of conditions of the central nervous system where specific symptoms depend on which part of the nervous system was affected

A

Multiple Sclerosis

63
Q

Progressive neurological condition

A

Parkinson’s Disease

64
Q

What happens when a person has PD, there is reduction in ___

A

Reduction of dopamine in the brain

Leading to tremor, slow movements and stiff and inflexible muscles

65
Q

What are affected in PD?

A

Operational and Movement

66
Q

If there are tremors in PD, the icons should be__

There are also tools used to avoid missing out when pointing or missed hits

A

Larger

Keyguards

67
Q

What is the most common cause of dementia?

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

68
Q

What does Alzheimer’s Disease cause?

A

(1) Memory loss
(2) Difficulties with thinking, problem-solving, and language

69
Q

In AD: It progresses over the age of

A

65 years old or older

70
Q

Hereditary neurological disease

A

Huntington’s Disease

71
Q

What does HD affect?

A

Affects movement, cognition, behavior, and language

72
Q

In HD: AAC helps what aspect?

A

Behavior and Social Communication

73
Q

Differentiate the last three diseases (PD, AD, HD)

keywords

A

PD: PROGRESSIVE neurological condition (P=P ; Parkinson’s = Progressive)

AD: Dementia

HD: HEREDITARY neurological disease (H =H ; Huntington’s = Hereditary)

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