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Contemporary Canadian Urban Life > 2 > Flashcards

2 Flashcards

1
Q

Accessibility

A

The ease of getting from one place to another

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2
Q

Bid-Rent

A

The amount of money a particular parcel of land could expect to receive. (Synonymous with land value)

Not necessarily how much it is WORTH, but how much it expects to RECEIVE

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3
Q

Prime Value Intersection (PVI)

A

Point in the city with the greatest degree of access. Point where all other land values are determined.

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4
Q

Access Costs

A

the costs associated with distance for a particular function

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5
Q

Central Business District (CBD)

A

The core of the city, where transport networks converge and land uses are dominated by retail and office functions.

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6
Q

Bid Rent

A

Land Value at PVI – Access Costs

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7
Q

CBD roles in a city

A

Central Market Place

Major Transportation Node

Administrative Center

High-level producer services/command and control centres

High land values, high intensity

Area with few or no residential functions

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8
Q

The problem with allowing markets to determine value of parcels of land in the city:

A

Sustainability and liveability of a city is based on good land use planning.

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9
Q

Vancouver’s PVI

A

Burrard/West Georgia.

Area is home to large corporation offices, hotels, banks, govt. offices, investors, lawyers.

666 Burrard - highest rent. - 57 dollars per square ft.
Burrard station

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10
Q

CBD’s are being challenged by

A

Suburban and industrial development. These things draw people away from the CBD.

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11
Q

Good Density

A
  • diversity of people (positionality)
  • mixed use development
  • ideally: people can live, work and play, all within walking distance
  • Multimodal options: priority on walking, biking and transit
  • High level of amenity (density not only liveable but loveable)
  • High quality urban design
  • built environments that foster social cohesion and interaction
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12
Q

How dense should a city be? (Brent Toderian)

A

At any scale, well designed density works. You can increase density and increase.
If poorly designed, increase density and living quality decreases.

No specific number because it is not a mathematical exercise - its a qualitative exercise.

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13
Q

Good density (Brent Toderian)

A

BRENT TODERIAN:

  • Multimodal thinking: priority on walking, biking and transit
  • High level of amenity (density not only liveable but loveable)
  • High quality urban design
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14
Q

if you design a city for cars, you _________

A

if you design a city for cars, you fail everyone, including drivers.

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15
Q

problem with the economist’s ranking of liveability.

A

liveability and quality of life are often qualitative, and not just mathematical, quantifiable things

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16
Q

Problem with suburban sprawl

A
  • distances between everything
  • low density
  • car dependent
  • low quality of experience for the space available
  • ## public transit doesn’t run frequently
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17
Q

Best transportation plan is a ______ (Brent Toderian)

A

Land Use Plan.

Land use and the built environment influence travel behaviours in a number of ways.

18
Q

Land use and the built environment influence travel behaviours in a number of ways:

A
  1. Destinations — locating major destinations and centres
    at rapid transit stations or along corridors makes them
    easy to serve efficiently with frequent transit
  2. Distance — a well-connected, fine-grain pedestrian
    network enables shorter, more direct walking
    connections and is easier to serve cost-effectively with
    transit
  3. Density — higher levels of residential and employment
    density support more local amenities within walking and
    cycling distance, and justify high levels of transit service.
  4. Diversity — a diverse mix of land uses and housing
    types makes it easier to live, work, shop, and play
    without having to travel far
  5. Design — well-designed buildings and public realm
    create intere
19
Q

Transport, land use and DENSITY

A

higher levels of residential and employment

density support more local amenities within walking and cycling distance, and justify high levels of transit service

20
Q

Transport, land us and MIXED USE PLANNING

A

A diverse mix of land uses and housing
types makes it easier to live, work, shop, and play
without having to travel far

21
Q

External factors affecting land value

A
  • Easier for foreign investors to buy real estate due to globalization of financial markets
  • Immigration increase has expanded the demand for land and housing
  • Recent immigrants tend to have higher permanent incomes, which increased their housing consumption (in Vancouver)
22
Q

The latest census counted more than _____ empty homes in Vancouver.

A

25,500 (more than 8% of the city’s total housing stock)

23
Q

Empty home tax

A

1% of property val

24
Q

CBD is the center of..

A

all relative costs

25
Q

From a commuting perspective, the most unattractive land is on the

A

periphery

26
Q

We spend ___ hrs a month communiting

A

We spend 40 hours a month commuting.

27
Q

Describe the rise in Canada’s post-industrial economy

A

• Increased demand for knowledge, creativity, and formal
qualifications in Canadian cities

• Sectoral composition has shifted towards services-producing
industries
• Features of economic transition (list)

28
Q

Sectoral composition has shifted towards ______

industries

A

Sectoral composition has shifted towardsservice-producing industries

29
Q

Jane Jacobs top 5 principles:

A

Community Participation

Promote green and public space

Invest in local economies

Improve urban connectivity

Ensure safety on the street

30
Q

Proximity

A

The physical closeness to places of importance

31
Q

Features of economic transition

A

Decline of manufacturing base

Shift towards knowledge-based and innovation-oriented activity

Creative and Cultural economic activities become more and more important

32
Q

Why is emphasis on innovation, knowledge- based economic development is troubling

A

Promotes an increasing social and economic divide between:

  • professional, managerial, technical,
    scientific workers
  • and lower-wage, routinized service workers
33
Q

Value of land is determined by :

A
  • the conditions of the city
  • also what is happening globally
  • social and economic relationships of complex urban systems shape the relative value of location (not simply
    by the price someone is willing and able to pay)
34
Q

Value characteristics of location are determined by two sets of attributes:

A

Proximity and Accessibility

35
Q

Proximity and Accessibility together determine:

A

Value characteristics of location

36
Q

Proximity and Accessibility in Canadian city Land Values today

A
  • Proximity and accessibility to downtown have remained most valued
  • Highest per-unit land prices are in the city centre and fall towards the periphery

• Growing business-related travel has increased airport locations
importance (Sub-centres around major airports)

• “Suburban downtown” land values also increased (firms are now moving for lower rents and to locate closer to suburban labour force)

37
Q

What is meant by “suburban downtown”?

A

land values increased in suburban areas due to firms moving for lower rents and to locate closer to suburban labour force

38
Q

Why is most population growth still in the suburbs?

A
  • Transportation improvements continue to permit suburban development
  • Reversal reflects a revaluation of inner-city locations by higher-income households
39
Q

Explain the Structure of Land Ownership

A

• Base rent for urban uses is set by the least attractive land that has to be used for housing

• From commuting perspective, least attractive land at the periphery
of the city

  • Land prices near the centre are driven up by people who want to reduce their commute costs
  • High vs Low Income
  • Growth of suburbs
40
Q

Difference between lower-income households and higher-income households (STRUCTURE OF LAND OWNERSHIP)

A
  • Higher-income households tend to want larger lots so they are drawn to periphery by lower land costs
  • Lower-income households need to reduce commute costs so they tend to occupy more expensive inner-city land at higher densities
41
Q

Growth of suburbs is a function of….

A

increasing incomes and

the preference for large homes

Contemporary Canadian Urban Life (10 decks)

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