#2 Flashcards by Taylor Ita

What are the types of Lumber?

Hardwood
Softwood
Bamboo
Palm

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What are the classes of Lumber?

Yard Lumber
Structural Material
Factory and Shop Lumber

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What are the types of Yard lumber?

Select Lumber

Common Lumber

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What are the grades of Select Lumber

Grade A: Natural finishes
Grade B: Natural finishes
Grade C: High quality paints and finishes
Grade D: Paint finishes

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What are the grades of Common Lumber?

#1 Common: Use w/o waste, tight knotted, water tight
#2 Common: Framing, sheathing (stress and strain not to great).
#3 Common: Permits some waste, footings, guardrails, rough flooring
#4 Common: Permits waste, low quality sheathing.  
#5 Common: Low quality, dunnage, boxes and crates.

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Factory and Shop Lumber is used for what?

Doors, sashes, window frames, millwork, patterns, toys, industrial commodities (free of knots and imperfections).

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What are the two types of dimensions?

Nominal - referred to by thickness and width, w/ lengths of 2’ increments
Actual - Permits waste

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What is the formula for finding Board Feet?

BF = (T)(W)(L)(# of pieces)/12 or 144

use 12 if L’
use 144 if L”

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What is the formula for finding Board Measure?

BM = BF(1.1 or 1.2)

1” thickness or smaller use 1.2
2” thickness of greater use 1.1

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What is a Joint?

A connection of 2+ pieces that meet at an angle.

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What are the categories of Joints?

Butt
Lap
Splice - a connection of 2+ pieces that continue in a straight line. Uses scabs. Designed to resist tension, compression and bending

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What are the types of Butt Joints?

Straight Butt
Oblique Butt
Miter Butt

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What are the types of Lap Joints?

Cross Lap
Middle Lap
Miter Half Lap
Plain Lap
Half Lap

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What are the types of Splice Joints?

Butt Splice
Halved Splice
Square Splice
Plain Splice
Complimentary Splice

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What are the types of Nails?

Common Wire
Finishing
Scaffolding
Roofing

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What are the typical sizes of Nails and how is it indicated?

Sizes range from 2d - 60d (1” - 6”)

- Indicated by the term “penny”, which is denoted by “d”.

What size Nails are used for Framing?

10d - 60d

What size Nails are used for Sheathing?

2d - 8d

What is the formula for finding lbs. of Nails needed for framing? Sheathing?

Framing - d/6(BM/100)

Sheathing - d/4(BM/100)

What are the “Rules of Thumb”, when Nailing?

Nail must penetrate 2/3 into second board.
Drive Nails at a slight angle toward each other.
Use a good nailing pattern.

What is Design Life?

How long a building is intended to stand for w/o major repairs done to it.

What are the categories of Design Life?

Permanent - 25+ years
Semi-permanent - 5 - 25 years
Temporary - up to 5 years

What are the types of Framing

Platform - studs extend only one story
Balloon - Studs rise full height of bldg.
Bracing - “Post and Girt”

What is the formula for estimating floor sheathing?

(L)(W)/32 = X (round up)
X(2) = total number of floor sheathing

What is the formula for laying out a Stringer?

(Stair height overall rise)/7.5 = X (round up) (Overall rise)/X = Y X = # of steps needed in stringer. Y = the rise in inches for each step

What are the three types of wall panels?

Long Wall | Shorrt Wall

What are the three types of wall panels?

Long Wall Short Wall Partition Wall

What are the different types of Roofs?

Gable Hip Hip and Valley Gable and Valley

What is the formula to determine Rafter length?

A^2 + B^2 = C^2

How do you find the number of roof members needed?

(Building length)/O.C. spacing = X (rounded up) | X+1 = Number of roof members.

What is the formula for estimating roof sheathing?

(Total rafter length)(Total roof Length)/32 (2) = Total # of boards (round up).