2-2: Mitosis Flashcards
Q: How would you identify interphase G2? (3)
A: Chromosomes not visible
Nucleoli still present- DNA already replicated
Nuclei stain weakly, except for the nucleoli
Q: How would you identify prophase? (3)
A: Individual chromosomes within the nucleus begin to condense and take up stain
DNA replication has already occurred so each chromosome consists of two chromatids attached at the centromere
The nuclear envelope breaks down
Q: How would you identify metaphase? (2)
A: Chromosomes maximally condensed (might be able to visualise X-shaped appearance)
End of metaphase – chromosomes align on central plane of mitotic spindle; metaphase plate
Q: How would you identify anaphase? (2)
A: Sister chromatids of each chromosome separate
Microtubules of the mitotic spindle attach to kinetochores on each side of the centromere, and pull one chromatid to each pole of the spindle
Q: How would you identify telophase? (4)
A: Two separated groups of chromosomes begin to form the nuclei of the two daughter cells
Chromosomes de-condense
Nuclear envelopes re-form
End of telophase – cytokinesis occurs when the rest of the cell divides (may be evidence of cleavage furrow)
Q: How would you identify interphase G1?
A: Condensation process completely reversed
Q: Give an example of an inhibitor of cell division that can be specifically targeted in chemotherapy.
A: Inhibitor of cell division: VINBLASTINE
Used as part of chemotherapy treatment of certain cancers; dose carefully regulated so that is affects the most rapidly dividing cells, i.e. tumour cell
