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Curriculum and Instructional Methods > 2 > Flashcards

2 Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the lecturer for the course on Curriculum and Instruction?

A

Ms. Mary Kung’u

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2
Q

What is the course code for Curriculum and Instruction?

A

NUR 408

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3
Q

What did Brubacher (1969) define curriculum as?

A

The ground which students and teachers cover to reach the goal of education.

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4
Q

How did Wheeler (1969) define curriculum?

A

As the planned experiences offered to the learner under the guidance of the school.

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5
Q

Fafumera (1974) describes curriculum as what?

A

The total environment in which education takes place, including the child, teacher, subject, content, method, and environment.

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6
Q

Hass (1980) defined curriculum as what?

A

All the experiences that individual learners have in a program of education aimed at achieving broad goals and specific objectives.

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7
Q

What is curriculum considered to provide individuals with?

A

The best possible training and experience to fit them for society or qualify them for a profession.

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8
Q

What is one function of a curriculum related to educational direction?

A

It determines the type of society people want to live and serve in.

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9
Q

Name a principle of curriculum construction.

A

The conservative principle: the function of the school is to preserve and transmit traditions and knowledge.

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10
Q

What is the activity principle in curriculum construction?

A

The curriculum should focus on activity and experience rather than just knowledge acquisition.

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11
Q

The principle of preparation for life states that the curriculum should include what?

A

Activities that enable learners to participate effectively in community activities.

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12
Q

Define the principle of maturity in curriculum construction.

A

The curriculum should be adapted to the learners’ mental and physical developmental stages.

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13
Q

What is the main feature of a Subject-Centered Curriculum?

A

It focuses on the collection and arrangement of subjects studied separately or in relation to each other.

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14
Q

In what type of curriculum is the mastery of subject matter the basis for achieving educational outcomes?

A

Subject-Centered Curriculum.

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15
Q

What does the Activity/Experience-Centered Curriculum prioritize?

A

Learners’ interests, needs, and motivations in a problem-solving context.

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16
Q

What key feature distinguishes a Child-Centered Curriculum?

A

It is constructed based solely on the needs, wants, and interests of the child.

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17
Q

What does Core Curriculum generally include?

A

Essential courses prescribed for all students, regardless of background.

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18
Q

What criticisms have been noted with the Core Curriculum approach?

A

It may lack systematic knowledge and often reflects a combination of subject disciplines rather than true integration.

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19
Q

What is the first step in the curriculum development process?

A

Formulating a statement of philosophy.

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20
Q

What is the purpose of establishing objectives in a school?

A

To define the behavior changes the school seeks to bring about in its students.

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21
Q

Name one major source for suggesting educational objectives for nursing programs.

A

Investigations of the needs of society for nursing services.

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22
Q

The three domains of learning are Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor. True or False?

A

True

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23
Q

In the Cognitive Domain, what is the highest level of learning?

A

Evaluation

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24
Q

What does the Affective Domain focus on?

A

Feelings and emotions concerning attitudes, interests, and appreciations.

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25
Q

Which domain deals primarily with physical skills and motor activities?

A

The Psychomotor Domain.

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26
Q

According to Gagne, how many levels are there in the Cognitive Domain of learning?

A

Six levels: Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation.

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27
Q

What should objectives be stated as in a curriculum?

A

Clear and meaningful statements that guide educational outcomes.

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28
Q

What is the purpose of a unit plan in education?

A

To break down termly or semester work into manageable sections for teaching.

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29
Q

Why is feedback important in the instructional system?

A

It helps revise and improve the teaching process based on learner performance.

30
Q

What does the term ‘feed in data’ refer to in the context of the flow diagram?

A

It represents the information fed into the educational system for processing.

31
Q

Who is the focus of the systematic approach in education?

A

The learner, followed by course content and learning experiences.

32
Q

List one potential drawback of the lecture method of teaching.

A

Limited student interaction and engagement during the learning process.

33
Q

What are advantages of using the Demonstration Method in teaching?

A

It allows for realistic, memorable learning experiences and engages visual learners.

34
Q

How does the Problem-Solving Method differ from traditional teaching methods?

A

It emphasizes critical thinking and engagement rather than passive reception of information.

35
Q

What is critical for effective Curriculum Development according to the lecture?

A

The alignment of learning objectives with assessment methods and educational standards.

36
Q

What is an essential element that each lesson plan should include?

A

Entry behavior or previous knowledge of the learners.

37
Q

How does the play/dramatic method enhance learning?

A

It makes learning enjoyable and relatable by contextualizing information in a playful manner.

38
Q

Why should teachers utilize various instructional techniques?

A

To cater to diverse learning styles and enhance student engagement.

39
Q

In the context of evaluation, what does ‘diagnostic function’ refer to?

A

Assessing strengths and weaknesses within the educational program.

40
Q

What kind of activities does the Psychomotor Domain include?

A

Activities that require physical movement and skill acquisition.

41
Q

Why is it important for the curriculum to include diverse cultural systems?

A

To help students understand and appreciate the varied cultural backgrounds of society.

42
Q

How can the home environment impact students’ learning?

A

The quality of the home environment can affect emotional and educational support.

43
Q

What are characteristics of a poor lesson?

A

Lack of logical presentation, poor timing, and failure to engage students.

44
Q

What does the term ‘goal setting’ refer to in the context of the systematic approach?

A

Defining desired outcomes for educational success and determining steps to achieve them.

45
Q

How can the instructional system ensure that teaching materials and strategies remain relevant?

A

Through continuous feedback and revision based on learner needs and performance.

46
Q

Why is having a clear structure in instruction crucial?

A

It ensures organized delivery and helps achieve educational objectives effectively.

47
Q

What should the curriculum development process lead to?

A

The creation of resource units, unit plans, and curriculum guides for educational facilitation.

48
Q

What is the role of continuous evaluation in a systematic approach?

A

To allow flexibility and adapt plans as necessary for better educational outcomes.

49
Q

How can teachers create more inclusive learning environments?

A

By acknowledging and accommodating individual differences and cultural backgrounds.

50
Q

What aspects should be considered in curriculum evaluation?

A

Quality of learning outcomes, relevance to objectives, and effectiveness in addressing student needs.

51
Q

Why is it important to link educational objectives to assessment tools?

A

To ensure that assessments accurately measure the intended learning outcomes.

52
Q

How can principles of curriculum construction enhance moral standards in students?

A

By integrating ethical considerations into all aspects of education.

53
Q

What strategies can be employed to assess the achievement of individual learners?

A

Using varied evaluation methods that are closely aligned with educational objectives.

54
Q

Why is repetition important in learning?

A

It reinforces knowledge and aids in retention of information.

55
Q

What does ‘individual differences’ refer to in education?

A

The unique needs and characteristics of each learner that educational methods should address.

56
Q

What role do teachers play in the learning environment according to the provided text?

A

Their quality of training, relationship with students, and teaching methods significantly influence learning.

57
Q

What are projected aids in instructional materials?

A

Overhead projectors, films, and slides.

58
Q

What is the primary advantage of using an overhead projector in teaching?

A

It allows the teacher to face the classroom while presenting materials.

59
Q

What are non-projected aids?

A

Chalkboards, pictures, posters, and handouts.

60
Q

What does the systematic approach in education emphasize?

A

Coordination of all aspects of a problem towards specific educational goals.

61
Q

What is an advantage of a systematic approach in education?

A

It provides a rational problem-solving method for analyzing the educational process.

62
Q

What is the goal of the Problem-Solving method in teaching?

A

To engage learners as critical thinkers and to encourage creativity.

63
Q

In the Project Method, who guides the students in their learning through projects?

A

The teacher, while the students independently engage in planning and executing the project.

64
Q

How does the Play/Dramatic Method involve students in their learning?

A

Learners dramatizing or acting out ideas or events to ease learning.

65
Q

How should learning experiences relate to learners?

A

They should satisfy learners’ psychological needs and be applicable to life situations.

66
Q

What does the evaluation phase in curriculum development aim to identify?

A

The quality and quantity of learning and whether changes in learner behavior reflect the stated objectives.

67
Q

What is meant by cognitive skills in the context of the Cognitive Domain?

A

It refers to skills related to the acquisition and use of knowledge.

68
Q

What should be included in a lesson plan to ensure successful delivery?

A

Subject, objectives, instructional techniques, materials, and evaluation methods.

69
Q

Why is it important to involve students in the curriculum development process?

A

Their input reflects their interests, making the curriculum more engaging and relevant.

70
Q

How can the home environment influence learning?

A

The quality of the home environment can affect emotional and educational support.

71
Q

How does the systematic approach to education encourage problem-solving?

A

By organizing resources and strategies toward clear educational goals.

Curriculum and Instructional Methods (2 decks)

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