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Question 1

Dendrites Functions like a radio

Answer 1

Receives messages from other neurons that are transmitted across the synapse

Question 2

Soma

Answer 2

Cell body

Contains the nucleus and much of the machinery involved in the life processes of the cell.

Question 3

Axon

Answer 3

Functions like an electrical cord carrying information from the cell body to the terminal buttons.

Axons carries a message (known as an action potential)

Question 4

Action potentials occur along the surface of the axon, but the

Answer 4

axoplasmic transport process moves substances along “tracks” that run inside the length of the axon

Question 5

Myelin sheath is what covers and

Answer 5

protects the axon

Question 6

Terminal Buttons

Answer 6

little knobs at the end

When an action potential travels down the axon, a chemical is secreted (produced): Neurotransmitter.

Question 7

Neurotransmitters

Answer 7

There are different types of neurotransmitters which either excite or inhibit the receiving cell and helps determine whether an action potential occurs in the receiving cell’s axon.

The axon sends a message to the terminal buttons and a chemical message (neurotransmitter) is released to diffuse into the synapse, relaying a message from the presynaptic cell to the postsynaptic cell.

Question 8

Glia cells are the supporting cells of the CNS

Answer 8

hold the nervous system together

Question 9

What do the Glia cells do?

Answer 9

1. Surround neurons and hold them in place
2. Regulating their supply of nutrients
3. Insulate neurons from one another so that neural messages do not get scrambled
4. Destroy and remove pathogens or dead neurons
5. Involved in growth, repair, and development of the nervous system
6. Involved in synaptic communication

Question 10

3 Types of glial cells:

Answer 10

1. astrocytes
2. oligodendrocytes
3. microglia

Question 11

Astrocytes (1st Glial Cells)

Answer 11

provide physical support to neurons and clean up debris within the brain

Question 12

Oligodendrocytes (2nd Glial Cells)

Answer 12

Provide support to axons and produce the myelin sheath, which insulates most axons from one another.

Question 13

Microgila (3rd Glial Cells)

Answer 13

Act as phagocytes, engulfing and breaking down dead and dying neurons.

Serve as part of the immune system in the brain, protecting the brain from invading microorganisms

Question 14

Microglia are primarily responsible for the

Answer 14

inflammatory reaction in response to brain damage, such as in a traumatic brain injury

Question 15

In the central nervous system, the oligodendrocytes

Answer 15

support axons and produce myelin.

Question 16

in The peripheral nervous system,

Answer 16

the Schwann cells perform the same functions as Oligodendrocytes.