2 Flashcards
Why is capillary puncture less desirable for blood gas analysis?
This is because capillary puncture has its partial arterial composition and is temporarily exposed to air during collection, which can alter test results
These are rarely collected on adults
Capillary gas specimens
These are collected from the same sites as routine capillary puncture specimens
Capillary blood gas specimens
What will increase if you warm the site before blood collection
Blood flow and arterialize the specimen
How many mins should you warm the site?
5-10 mins
Who are commonly tested to detect and monitor increased bilirubin levels caused by overproduction or impaired excretion of bilirubin?
Neonates (newborns)
What is associated with overproduction of bilirubin from accelerated red blood cell hemolysis?
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)
Impaired bilirubin excretion often results from?
Temporary abnormal liver function
Impaired bilirubin excretion often results from temporary abnormal liver function commonly associated with?
premature infants
High levels of bilirubin result in?
Jaundice (yellow skin color)
In infants, bilirubin can cross ?
blood-brain barrier
At what rate is transfusion needed if levels increase in infants?
at a rate equal or greater than 5.0 mg/dL per hour or when levels exceed 18.0 mg/dL
Bilirubin breaks down in the presence of ?
light
In what light are jaundice infants placed under to lower bilirubin levels?
Special ultraviolet lights
In infants, how are bilirubin specimens collected?
heel puncture
What color of microcollection containers is used to reduce light exposure that will protect a bilirubin specimen from effects of ultraviolet light?
Amber-colored
The blood-filled circles are often referred to as?
Blood spots
As many as — different disorders can be detected in the blood spots on one form
30
What are some disorders tested in NBS?
- Phenylketonuria (PKU)
- Hypothyroidism
- Galactosemia
Disorders tested in NBS: – genetic disorder characterized by a defect in the enzyme that breaks down the amino acid phenylalanine, converting it into the amino acid tyrosine
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Disorders tested in NBS: - insufficient thyroid hormones that can affect brain development (e.g., Thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone)
Hypothyroidism
Disorders tested in NBS: – inherited disorder by lack of the enzyme needed to convert milk sugar galactose into glucose
Galactosemia
What technique is always a must before making an incision or puncture?
Aseptic
It is a drop of blood spread thin on a microscope slide
Blood film or smear
It is required to perform a manual differential (Diff), a test in which the number, type, and characteristics of blood cells are determined by examining a stained blood smear under a microscope
Blood smear or film
It may be performed as part of a complete blood count or to confirm abnormal results of a machine-generated differential or platelet count
Manual differential
How many blood smears are normally prepared and submitted for testing?
two
What test usually requires four fresh peripheral blood (blood from an extremity) smears?
Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP)
When collected with other skin puncture specimens, what should be collected first to avoid effects of platelet clumping?
Blood smears
Wiping away the first blood drop removes?
excess tissue fluid and alcohol residue that could distort cell morphology
