2 Flashcards
The energy compound of the cell that stores energy needed for cell activities;
adenosine triphosphate
ATP
The category of organic compounds that includes sugars and starches
carbohydrate
The basic structural and functional unit of the living organism, a microscopic unit that combines with other cells to form tissues
cell
A thread-like body in a cell’s nucleus that contains genetic information
chromosome
Study of cells
cytology
The fluid that fills a cell and holds the organelles
cytoplasm
The genetic compound of the cell, makes up the genes; deoxyribonucleic
DNA
An organic substance that speeds the rate of a metabolic reaction
enzyme
A hereditary unit composed of DNA and combined with other genes to form the
chromosomes
gene
A simple sugar that circulates in the blood, the main energy source for metabolism
glucose
Study of tissues
histology
A steady state, a condition of internal stability and constancy
homeostasis
A category of organic compounds that includes fats
lipid
A simple, very thin, and pliable sheet of tissue that might cover an organ, line a cavity, or
separate structures
membrane
The sum of all the physical and chemical reactions that occur within an organism
metabolism
Cell division
mitosis
A thick fluid secreted by cells in membranes and glands that lubricates and protects tissues
mucus
The cell’s control center; directs all cellular activities based on the information contained
in its chromosomes
nucleus
A part of the body with a specific function, a component of a body system
organ
A specialized structure in the cytoplasm of a cell
organelle
A category of organic compounds that includes structural materials, enzymes, and some
hormones
protein
An organic compound involved in the manufacture of proteins within cells; ribonucleic
RNA
A group of cells that acts together for a specific purpose
tissue
The nitrogen-containing compounds that make up proteins
amino acids
The type of metabolism in which body substances are made; the building phase of
metabolism
anabolism
The type of metabolism in which substances are broken down for energy and simple compounds
catabolism
A fibrous protein found in connective tissue
collagen
The outer region of an organ
cortex
A complex sugar compound stored in liver and muscles and broken down into glucose
when needed for energy
glycogen
Between parts, such as the spaces between cells in a tissue
interstitial
The inner region of an organ, marrow
medulla
The functional tissue of an organ
parenchyma
Pertaining to a wall, describes a membrane that lines a body cavity
parietal
The body
soma
An immature cell that has the capacity to develop into any of a variety of different cell types, a precursor cell
stem cell
Pertaining to the internal organs, describes a membrane on the surface of an organ
visceral
