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Chem Level of Organization > 2-1-->2-14 > Flashcards

2-1-->2-14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Isotopes

A

Element whose atom contains same number of protons but different number of neutrons

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2
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of protons in atom

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3
Q

Atomic weight

A

Average mass of an elements atoms

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4
Q

Principle elements in human body

A 
Oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Calcium
Phosphorus
Potassium
Sodium
chlorine
Magnesium
Sulfur
Iron
Iodine
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5
Q

Unstable Atoms

A

React with each other by sharing gaining or losing electrons in chemical bonds

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6
Q

What are The two types of chemical bonds

A

Ionic and covalent

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7
Q

Molecules

A

Contain more than one atom bonded together by sharing electrons

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8
Q

Compounds

A

Made of two or more electrons bonded together by any one kind of the chemical bonds

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9
Q

Anion

A

An atom that has more electrons than protons

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10
Q

Cation

A

Have more protons than electrons

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11
Q

Typed of covalent bonds

A

Single
Double
Non polar
Polar

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12
Q

Nonpolar covalent bonds

A

Electrons shared equally

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13
Q

Polar covalent bonds

A

Electron sharing is unequal

They form polar molecules

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14
Q

Polar molecules

A

Will have a slight negative on one end of the molecule and slight positive on the other

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15
Q

Hydrogen bonds

A

-Too weak to create molecules
-Attraction between:
•Slight positive charge on hydrogen atom of polar covalent bond
• slight negative charge on oxygen and hydrogen atom of another polar covalent bond

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16
Q

Energy

A

Capacity to do work

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17
Q

2 different types of energy

A

Kinetic-energy of motion

Potential-stored energy

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18
Q

How does heat relate to energy?

A

Energy can be converted from one form to another, heat is a by product of this conversion

19
Q

Three chemical reactions in physiology

A
  • decomposition
  • synthesis
  • exchange
20
Q

Reactants

A

Rearranged to form products

21
Q

Decomposition

A

Break a molecule into smaller parts

22
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Breaking down an element in adding water to remaining parts

A-B + H20 —> A-H + HO-B

23
Q

Synthesis

A

Make larger molecules from smaller parts

A + B —> AB

24
Q

Catabolism

A

Decomposition reactions in the body releasing kinetic energy for work

25
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

Forms a complex molecule by the removal of water

26
Q

Anabolism

A

Build storage molecules in body

27
Q

Exchange reactions

A
  • shuffling parts of molecules

- decomposition reaction followed by synthesis reaction

28
Q

Enzymes

A

-aid in chemical reactions
-lower activation energy
• amount of energy required to start reaction
-act as catalysts to speed up the rate of reactions

29
Q

Exergenic Reactions

A

Release net energy because it took less to activate reaction than what was released

30
Q

Endergonic reactions

A

Absorb net energy because it took more energy to activate reactions

31
Q

Mostly actions and body are exergonic, generating heat to keep us warm

A

I

32
Q

Nutrients

A

Essential elements of molecules obtained from diet

33
Q

Metabolites

A

Chemicals that come from catabolism and anabolism in our bodies

34
Q

Inorganic compounds

A

Small usually without carbon and hydrogen

35
Q

Organic compounds

A

Generally large and complex made of carbon and hydrogen

36
Q

Three properties of water

A
  1. Water is in a centrally acting in the chemical reactions in living systems
  2. Water has very high capacity
  3. Water is an excellent solvent
37
Q

Solutions

A

Make sure of a fluid solvent and dissolved solvents

38
Q

Dissociation or ionization

A

Occurs when ionic compounds break apart into their charged ions in water

39
Q

An organic molecule is soluble when it contains polar covalent bonds

A

D

40
Q

Ph concentration

A

The higher the concentration of H+ the lower the pH

41
Q

Ph scale

A

0-14

7 is neutral

42
Q

Acidic

A

Ph below 7

43
Q

Alkaline

A

Ph above 7

44
Q

Mass number

A

Total number of protons and neutrons

Chem Level of Organization (1 decks)

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