1st Term - Science (Term Test); Optics Flashcards
What branch of science is optics a sub-branch of?
Physics
What is the study of optics
nature and interaction of light
Explain wave-particle duality
When light can be both a wave & particle
Give example of when light can be a wave and particle
Wave: EM Waves
Particle: Photons (through Quanta)
What is Intensity?
power of light
What is Photometry
the study of brightness of light
What is Brightness
qualitative, visual perception
Complete the statement:
Amplitude is directly proportional to ___
brightness
Ex:
1. shorter amp = dim light
2. higher amp = brighter light
What is luminous flux
Amount of light from source (scattered)
What is luminous Intensity
Amount of light from source in a certain direction
What is Illuminance?
Amount of light reflected
What is Luminance
Amount of light perceived
In colors, what color/s are absorbed id the object is blue?
Everything but blue
Complete the statement:
Colors perceived = ___
light reflected
Complete the analogy:
White = reflects all
Black = ?
Absorbs all
The 2 types of color mixing are?
Additive Color Mixing & Subtractive Color Mixing
What is the difference between additive and subtractive color mixing?
Additive color mixing - lights
Subtractive color mixing - pigments
What are the primary colors in additive color mixing? And what color does it make when you combine all of them together?
RGB (Red, Green, Blue) & creates white
What are the primary colors in subtractive color mixing? And what color does it make when you combine all of them together?
CYMK (Cyan, Yellow, Magenta, Black) & created black
What are the 2 cells found in the retina that distinguishes color?
Rods & Cones
Which cells can distinguish colors? Which cannot?
Rods cannot distinguish, Cones can
What are the colors that cones can identify?
RGB
What are the 4 interactions of light?
Reflection, Refraction, Absorption, and Dispersion
What is reflection
bouncing back of light off a reflective surface
2 kinds of reflection
Specular & Diffuse
What are the 2 laws of reflection?
- Angle of incidence = angle of reflection
- Incident ray, reflected ray, and normal all lie in the same plane
What is the difference between a plane and spherical mirror?
A plane mirror has a flat surface, while a spherical mirror is curved/sphere
What are the 2 types of spherical mirrors?
Concave & Convex
What is the shape of each spherical mirror?
Concave - curved inwards the direction of IR
Convex - bulges outward the IR
What is the difference between Real & Virtual images in reflection?
Real - converge, inverted, projected on a screen
Virtual - diverge (appears formed behind the mirror), upright, appear on mirror or lens
How would you describe the image of a plane mirror?
Virtual, upright, same size, same distance, & laterally reversed
What is the center of curvature?
center from the sphere
What is the middle of the mirror calles?
Vertex
What is the radius of curvature?
Distance of the Vertex to the Center of Curvature (radius)
What is the optical axis?
A line that intercepts the CoC, V and F
What do you call the width of mirror?
Aperture
What is the principal focus?
Concave - where rays meet
Convex - where rays seem to meet
What is focal length?
distance from focus and center of curvature (1/2 of radius of curvature)
Ray Diagram Rules: What is Case 1?
If the IR is parallel to the optical axis, then the RR passes through the foucus
Ray Diagram Rules: What is Case 2?
If the IR passes through the center of curvature, RR reflects back through C
Ray Diagram Rules: What is Case 3?
If the IR passes through the focus, then the RR is parallel to the optical axis
