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APL Literary Terms 1 > 1st set of cards > Flashcards

1st set of cards Flashcards

1
Q

Major unit of action in drama or play. Each act can be further divided into smaller sections called scenes

A

Act

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2
Q

story in which people, things, and actions represent idea about life; often have a strong MORAL or lesson

A

Allegory

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3
Q

repetition of consonant sounds @ beginning of words (tongue twisters)

A

alliteration

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4
Q

reference in literary work to a person, place, or thing in history or another work of literature…often indirect or brief references to well-known characters or events

A

allusion

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5
Q

comparison of 2 or more like objects…suggest if they are alike in certain respects, they will probably be alike in other ways as well

A

analogy

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6
Q

brief account of an interesting incident or event; usually intended to entertain or make a point

A

anecdote

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7
Q

character in a story or poem, deceives, frustrates, or works against the main character=protagonist in the same way…Doesn’t necessarily have to be a person, could be death, the devil, an illness, or any challenge that prevents the main character from living “happily ever after.”

A

antagonist

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8
Q

actor’s speech; directed to audience; not supposed to be heard by other actors on stage; used to let audience know what a character is about to do or what he/she is thinking

A

aside

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9
Q

repetition of vowel sounds within a line of poetry

A

assonance

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10
Q

particular group of readers or viewers that writer is addressing; writer considers his/her audience when deciding on subject , a purpose for writing & the tone &style in which to write

A

audience

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11
Q

writer of a book, article or other text

A

author

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12
Q

his or her reason for creating a particular work; can be to entertain, explain or inform, express an opinion, or to persuade

A

author’s purpose

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13
Q

form of nonfiction in which a person tells the story of his/her life

A

autobiography

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14
Q

poem; tells a story & meant to be sung or recited

A

ballad

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15
Q

story of a person’s life; written by someone else

A

biography

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16
Q

unrhymed iambic pentameter

A

blank verse

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17
Q

a pause or sudden break in a line of poetry

A

caesura

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18
Q

2 events are related as cause and effect when one event brings about or causes the other.. The event that happens 1st is the cause; the one that follows is the effect

A

cause and effect

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19
Q

person responsible for thoughts & actions within a story, poem, or other literature. Are extremely important b/c they are the medium through which a reader interacts w/ a piece of literature. Every character has his/her own personality, which a creative author uses to assist in forming the plot of a story or creating a mood.

A

character

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20
Q

picture or imitation of a person’s habits, physical appearance or mannerisms exaggerated in a comic or absurd way

A

caricature

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21
Q

character who serves as a contrast or a conflict to another character

A

foil

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22
Q

character whose actions are inspiring or noble; often the main character in a story

A

hero/heroine

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23
Q

the characters who are central to the plot of a story; main characters are usually dynamic & round

A

main characters

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24
Q

a less important character who interacts w/ the main characters, helping to move the plot along and providing background for the story…usually static and flat

A

minor characters

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25
Q

all techniques writers use to create characters

A

characterization

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26
Q

character’s personality; NOT a physical description of character

A

character trait

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27
Q

author directly states a character’s traits or makes direct comments about character’s nature

A

direct characterization

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28
Q

character who changes through out course of story

A

dynamic character

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29
Q

character about whom little info is provided

A

flat character

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30
Q

author doesn’t directly state a character’s traits instead the reader draws conclusions and discovers a character’s traits based upon clues provided by the author

A

indirect characterization

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31
Q

character who is fully described by the author (several character traits, background info, etc.)

A

round character

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32
Q

character who does not change or who changes very little in the course of a story

A

static character

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33
Q

repetition in literature of one or more lines at regular intervals; also called a refrain

A

chorus

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34
Q

order which events happen in time

A

chronological order

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35
Q

reader’s process of pausing occasionally while reading to quickly review what he/she understands. By clarifying as they read good readers are able to draw conclusions about what is suggested but not stated directly

A

clarifying

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36
Q

type of FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE containing an over used expression or a saying that is no longer considered original

A

cliché

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37
Q

the turning point, point of maximum interest, and highest tension in the plot of a story, play, or film…usually occurs towards the end of story after the reader has understood the conflict and become emotionally involved w/ the characters. At the climax the conflict is resolved , and the outcome of the plot becomes clear

A

climax

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38
Q

a dramatic work that is light and often humorous in tone & usually ends happily w/ peaceful resolution of main conflict

A

comedy

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39
Q

process of identifying similarities

A

comparison

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40
Q

type of poetry; uses its physical or visual form to present its message

A

concrete poetry

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41
Q

tension or problem in the story; a struggle between opposing forces

A

conflict

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42
Q

the dominant or most important conflict in the story

A

central conflict

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43
Q

problem or struggle that exists between the main character and an outside force (ex. person vs person, person vs society, person vs nature, person vs the supernatural, person vs technology, etc.)

A

external conflict

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44
Q

problem or struggle that takes place in the main character’s mind (person vs self)

A

internal conflict

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45
Q

a reader’s process of relating the content of a literary work to his or her own knowledge and experience

A

connecting

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46
Q

the idea and feeling associated w/ a word as opposed to its dictionary definition or DENOTATION

A

connotation

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47
Q

the repetition of consonant sounds anywhere within a line of poetry; ALLITERATION is a specific type of consonance

A

consonance

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48
Q

hints or suggestions that may surround unfamiliar words or phrases & clarify their meaning

A

context clues

49
Q

the process of pointing out differences between things

A

contrast

50
Q

a rhymed pair of lines in a poem. One of William Shakespeare’s trademarks was to end a SONNET with a couplet, as in the poem “Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day”:
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long as lives this, and this gives life to thee

A

couplet

51
Q

opposite of CONNOTATION in that it is the exact or dictionary meaning of a word

A

denotation

52
Q

form of language; is spoken in a particular place or by a particular group of people

A

dialect

53
Q

conversation between CHARACTERS in a DRAMA or narrative..occurs in most works of literature

A

dialogue

54
Q

form of literature meant to be performed by actors before an audience…the characters’ dialogue and actions tell the story..(also called a play) written form of a play is known as a script

A

drama

55
Q

a brief tale that teaches a lesson about human nature…often feature animals as characters

A

fable

56
Q

fact is a statement that can be proved. An opinion, in contrast, is a statement that reflects the writer’s or speaker’s belief, but which cannot be supported by proof or evidence

A

fact and opinion

57
Q

work of literature that contains at least one fantastic or unreal element

A

fantasy

58
Q

prose writing that tells an imaginary story… includes both short stories and novels

A

fiction

59
Q

expressions that are not literally true…simile, metaphor, hyperbole, understatement, irony, oxymoron, cliche, metonymy

A

figurative language or figure of speech

60
Q

an interruption of the chronological sequence (as in a film or literary work) of an event of earlier occurrence… is a narrative technique that allows a writer to present past events during current events, in order to provide background for the current narration

A

flashback

61
Q

traditions, customs and stories that are passed down within a culture… contains various types of literature such as legends, folktales, myths, and fables

A

folklore

62
Q

simple story that has been passed from generation to generation by word of mouth..are told primarily to entertain rather than to explain or teach a lesson

A

folktale

63
Q

a unit of meter within a line of poetry

A

foot

64
Q

when the writer provides clues or hints that suggest or predict future event in a story

A

foreshadowing

65
Q

poetry w/o regular patterns of rhyme and rhythm…often used to capture the sounds and rhythms of ordinary speech

A

free verse

66
Q

broad statement about an entire group

A

generalization

67
Q

type of category of literature… four main literary genres include: fiction, nonfiction, poetry, and drama

A

genre

68
Q

a traditional form of Japanese poetry, usually dealing w/ nature… has three lines and describes a single moment, feeling or thing. First and third lines contain 5 syllables and 2nd line contains 7 syllables

A

haiku

69
Q

a COUPLET consisting of 2 successive rhyming lines that contain a complete thought

A

heroic couplet

70
Q

fiction that explores a past time period & may contain references to actual people and events of the past

A

historical fiction

71
Q

fiction that contains mysterious and often supernatural events to create a sense of terror

A

horror fiction

72
Q

the quality that provokes laughter or amusement…created by writers through exaggeration, sarcasm, amusing descriptions, irony, and witty dialogue

A

humor

73
Q

figure of speech in which the truth is exaggerated for emphasis or humorous effect

A

hyperbole

74
Q

phrase or expression that means something different from what the words actually say (ex: “over his head” instead of “He doesn’t understand”)

A

idiom

75
Q

use of words & phrases that appeal to the five senses…writers use sensory details to help readers imagine how things look, feel, smell, sound, and taste.

A

imagery

76
Q

a logical guess based on evidence in the text

A

inference

77
Q

meeting in which 1 person asks another about personal matters, professional matters or both

A

interview

78
Q

contrast between what is expected & what actually exists or happens… spices up literary work by adding unexpected twists and allowing the reader to become more involved with the characters and plot

A

irony

79
Q

occurs when the speaker means something totally difference than what he or she is saying and often times the opposite of what a character is saying is true

A

verbal irony

80
Q

occurs when facts are not known to the characters in a work of literature but are known by the audience

A

dramatic irony

81
Q

suggests that some unknown force brings about dire & dreadful events

A

cosmic irony

82
Q

difference between what is expected to happen and the way events actually work out

A

irony of situation

83
Q

story handed down from the past about a specific persons usually someone of heroic accomplishments

A

legend

84
Q

short humorous poem composed of five lines that usually has the rhyme scheme aabba, created by two rhyming couplets followed by a 5th line that rhymes with the 1st couplet…typically has a sing-song rhythm

A

limerick

85
Q

actual meaning of a word or phrase

A

literal meaning

86
Q

song-like poem written mainly to express the feelings or emotions of a single speaker

A

lyric poetry

87
Q

the most important point that a writer wishes to express

A

main idea

88
Q

specific type of autobiography; like autobiography, a memoir is about the author’s personal experiences.. however doesn’t necessarily cover the author’s entire life

A

memoir

89
Q

type of FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE in which a comparison is made between 2 things that are essentially unalike but may have one quality in common…does not contain an explicit word of comparison, such as “like” or “as”

A

metaphor

90
Q

regular pattern of accented and unaccented syllables..not present in all poems.. Each unit of meter is known as a foot.. “/” indicate accented syllable; and “X” or small symbol shaped like a “U” indicate an unaccented symbol. The metrical FOOT is the basic unit of meter.

A

meter

91
Q

X/

unaccented syllable, accented syllable

A

iamb

92
Q

/X

accented syllable, unaccented syllable

A

trochee

93
Q

XX/

unaccented syllable, unaccented syllable, accented syllable

A

anapest

94
Q

/XX

accented syllable, unaccented syllable, unaccented syllable

A

dactyl

95
Q 
//
(accented syllable, accented syllable)
A

spondee

96
Q

XX

unaccented syllable, unaccented syllable

A

pyrrhic

97
Q

one foot per line

A

monometer

98
Q

two feet per line

A

dimeter

99
Q

3 feet per line

A

trimeter

100
Q

4 feet per line

A

tetrameter

101
Q

5 feet per line

A

pentameter

102
Q

6 feet per line

A

hexameter

103
Q

7 feet per line

A

heptameter

104
Q

8 feet per line

A

octameter

105
Q

poem written in predominately iamb meter, with 5 feet per line

A

iambic pentameter

106
Q

poem written in primarily trochaic meter, with 4 feet per line

A

trochaic tetrameter

107
Q

poem written in anapestic meter, with 3 feet per line

A

anapestic trimeter

108
Q

metaphorical substitution of one word or phrase for another related word or phrase. ex: “The pen is mightier than the sword.” The word “pen” is used in place of “words” and the word “sword” is used to represent the idea o fighting or war.

A

metonymy

109
Q

the feeling that a literary work conveys to readers through use of plot, character, author’s descriptions, etc… aka atmosphere

A

mood

110
Q

lesson that a story teaches..often stated directly at the end of a fable

A

moral

111
Q

recurring object, concept, or structure in a work of literature. may also be 2 contrasting elements in a work, such as good and evil.. is important b/c it allows one to see main points and themes that author is trying to express, in order that one might be able to interpret the work more accurately

A

motif

112
Q

rhetorical device where the coordinating conjunction “and” is overly used as a means of stressing a sort of urgency

A

polysyndeton

113
Q

use of the conjunction is omitted when it could easily be used

A

asyndeton

114
Q

the reason why a character acts, feels, or thinks in a certain way

A

motivation

115
Q

traditional story that attempts to explain how the world was created or why the world is the way it is.. stories that are passed on from generation to generation and are of unknown authorship

A

myth

116
Q

any writing that tells a story.. most novels and short stories are placed into categories of 1st person and 3rd person narratives, which are based on who is telling the story and from what perspective

A

narrative

117
Q

poetry that tells a story… can come in many forms and styles, both complex and simple, short or long, as long as it tells a story. Like fiction, can contain characters, settings and plots

A

narrative poetry

118
Q

one who tells the story ; the speaker or the “voice” of an oral or written work… not usually the same person as the author..is the direct window into a piece of work.. who the author chooses to narrate establishes the POINT OF VIEW in the story

A

narrator

119
Q

one who gives his or her own understanding of a story, instead of the explanation and interpretation the author the author wishes the audience to obtain…This type of action tends to alter the audience’s opinion of the conclusion

A

unreliable narrator

APL Literary Terms 1 (1 decks)

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