1ST SEMESTER REVIEW Flashcards
Funded Columbus’s voyages
Ferdinand and Isabella
First person to circumvent navigate the earth
Magellan
Founded Florida
Ponce de Leon
Founded by Ponce de Leon; oldest city in the United State
St. Augustine
Founded the Pacific Ocean; crosses Panama
Balboa
Conquered the Aztecs
Cortez
Conquered the Incas
Pizarro
Mississippi River; discovered Arkansas
Desoto
When Desoto discovered the Mississippi River
1541
England v. Spain; England won
Spanish Armada
When the Spanish Armada occurred; makes the decline the of Spain and the rise of England.
1588
Settled Quebec; Father of New France
Champlain
First permanent French settlement
Quebec
Claims Louisiana
LaSalle
Bought from Napoleon-France
In 1603
Louisiana
Settles Virginia
Walter Raleigh
First English colony; it failed
Roanoke
First permanent English settlement
Jamestown
When Jamestown was settled
1607
Created the “No Work, No Food” policy
John Smith
Developed Tobacco in Jamestown and married Pocahontas
John Rolfe
Most important industry in Jamestown
Tobacco
Helped the Jamestown settlers
Pocahontas
1st representative government in the U.S. Jamestown representative government
House of Burgesses
“Separatist”
Pilgrims
When the Pilgrims settled in Plymouth
1620
What the Pilgrims sailed on
Mayflower
Helped the pilgrims with their first winter
Squanto
Wrote history of Plymouth plantation; governor of the Pilgrims
William Bradford
Wanted to purify the Church of England
Puritans
Massachusetts
1630
Established in 1636
Harvard
Duke of York
James II
Was called New York
New Netherlands
King of England during the French and Indian war
George III
Prime minister of England that passed the stamp act
George Grenville
Tax on legal documents
Stamp act
What the colonists wanted in England
No Taxation without representation
Leader of the Sons of Liberty
Samuel Adams
Group in Massachusetts that led boycotts
Sons of Liberty
What the colonists did to get “No taxation without Representation”
Boycotts
Head of treasury; passes a tax on paper, lead, paints, and glass
Charles Townsend
Occurred March 5th; 5 were killed
Boston Massacre
Sons of Liberty threw 340 chests of tea into the harbor
Boston tea Party
Also known as the coercive acts; passed after Boston Tea Party; put Thomas gage in royal government; closed the Boston harbor; sent more troops
Intolerable Acts
Said “Give me Liberty or Give me Death”
Patrick Henry
When the shot heard round the world was
Lexington and Concord
First major battle of the American Revolution
Bunker hill
Commander of the continental army
George Washington
Wrote common sense
Thomas Paine
Declared the war for independence
Declaration of Independence
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson
When the Declaration of Independence was signed
July 4th, 1776
President over the continental congress
John Hancock
George Washington’s aid
La feat
When was Lexington and Concord
1775
Hero of Saratoga who later was a traitor
Benedict Arnold
Christmas Day when George Washington and his troops crossed the Delaware River and captured the hessians
Trenton
Turning point of the American Revolution
Saratoga
American commander at Saratoga
Horario Gates
Government the Americans lived under during the critical period ; 1st constitution in the United States
Articles of Confederation
Weaknesses of the articles of Confederation
- 9/13 states had to approve everything
- no execution branch (no president)
- no judicial branch (no courts)
- congress could not tax
Shows the weaknesses of the article,es of Confederation
Shays rebellion
Held in Philadelphia; made to make a new constitution
Constitutional convention
When the constitutional convention was held
1787
Commander of the constitutional convention
George Washington
“Father of the Constitution”
James Madison
Oldest member of the continental convention
Benjamin Franklin
Large population states; rep. based on population
Virginia plan
Small population states; equal representation
New Jersey plan
Combined both the New Jersey plan and the Virginia plan
Great compromise
Pro-constitution
Federalist paper
Shawnee chief; led the largest Native American uprising in U.S. history
Tecumseh
Led the U.S. into prophet town
William Henry Harrison
Leads the U.S. into the battle of Lake Erie
Oliver perry
Wrote the star spangled banner
Francis Scott key
Largest battle that marked the end of war of 1812
Battle of New Orleans
When the United States forbid European settlement in Latin America
Monroe doctrine
Mississippi River valley; claimed for Louis XIV by la salle
Louisiana
Who Virginia was named after
Queen Elizabeth
Lead the Roanoke expedition
John white
Founder of Rhode Island
Roger Williams
Founder of Pennsylvania
William penn
Founder of Georgia
James Oglethorpe
Where Washington and his men stayed for the winter
Valley forge
Final battle of the Revolutionary war
Yorktown
French general during the Revolutionary war
Degrassi
British general at Yorktown who surrendered
Cornwallis
Ended the Revolutionary war
Treaty of Paris
Washington’s aid
La feat
“We will meet again”
1st continental congress
Key figure to the great awakening
Jonathan Edwards
Founder of Pennsylvania
William penn
Founder of Georgia
James Oglethorpe
Took 7 trips to US to preach
George whitefield
World wide revival; Methodist revival
Great awakening
Why was Georgia settled
So debt prisoners could pay off their debt
Founder of Rhode Island
Roger Williams
Led the Roanoke expedition
John white
Who Virginia was named after
Queen Elizabeth
Washington’s Secretary of State
Thomas Jefferson
Washington’s Secretary of treasury
Alexander Hamilton
Pay foreign, domestic, and state debt
Hamilton’s financial plan
John Marshall goes to France to them to stop shooting at our ships
XYZ affair
Caused us to have judicial review
Marburgy v. Madison
Doubled the size of the US; $14 million; bought from Napoleon-France
Louisiana purchase
1803
Louisiana purchase
Sent up the Mississippi River to explore the new land
Lewis and Clark
Helped Lewis and Clark; shosoni
Sacegewea
Jefferson’s VP; killed Alexander Hamilton
Aaron burr
During Madison’s presidency; British tried to control US sea trade
War of 1812
Famous Warhawk
Henry clay
US v. Prophet town; led by William Henry Harrison
Battle at tippicanoe
Largest battle that Marked the end of war of 1812
Battle of New Orleans
When the war of 1812 ended
1815
Led the US at battle of New Orleans
Andrew Jackson
Monroe was the last of…
Virginia dynasty
During Monroe’s presidency; wide spread of nationalism
Era of good feelings
When the US forbid European settlement in Latin America
Monroe doctrine
Made Maine a state; didn’t know to make it a slave state or not
Missouri compromise
Who made the Missouri compromise
Henry clay
