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Computer Science Principles > 1st Semester Exam Review > Flashcards

1st Semester Exam Review Flashcards

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1
Q

A correct program is a set of instructions in a specific sequence, which must correctly describe the logic of a particular need. True or False?

A

True

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2
Q

Programming languages are usable by humans, but must be translated to machine code. True or False?

A

True

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3
Q

In a decision structure a true/false question is asked, and the program chooses one of two paths depending on whether the answer is true or false. True or False?

A

True

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4
Q

What is the output of the following boolean expression?

7>=4. True or False?

A

True

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5
Q

A variable name is called an identifier. True or False?

A

True

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6
Q

Character variables may contain a sequence of characters. True or False?

A

False

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7
Q

When is planning and design of programs important?

A

Always, even small programs need to be planned and designed well before coding.

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8
Q

The specific rules defined by the grammar of a programming language represent its __________

A

syntax

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9
Q

The most amount of time is spent in this phase of software development.

A

Deploy and Maintain the program

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10
Q

Internal storage is commonly called _________

A

memory, main memory, or primary memory

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11
Q

What step must be first when developing a software application?

A

Understand the problem

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12
Q

Which of the steps is where the programmer designs a plan that includes the steps needed to provide a software solution to a prom?

A

Plan the logic

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13
Q

A(n) ___________ system is a previous software solution that fulfilled a business need.

A

legacy

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14
Q

These three relational operators are not supported by SNAP

A

> =,

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15
Q

What is (4+5) * 3

A

27

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16
Q

Which is a double value?

a) 19
b) 1
c) 3.4
d) 15

A

c) 3.4

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17
Q

Procedural Abstraction enables what 3 things?

A

1) Software reuse
2) Through parameterization, allows a single block to perform a wide range of customized actions
3) Captures the essence of a group of related statements in a generalized block name

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18
Q

Integer variables may only contain any real number values. True or False?

A

False

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19
Q

The specific meaning of special commands of a programming language represent its _________.

A

semantics

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20
Q

Three examples of external storage

A

1) hard drives
2) USB storage drives
3) burn-abled CD/DVD

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21
Q

Which may be the most difficult part of software development?

A

Understand the Problem

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22
Q

Putting on shoes before socks is an example of what type of error?

A

Logic

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23
Q

Which of the following statements is an example of a decision programming structure?

a) if
b) repeat until
c) forever
d) repeat

A

a) if

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24
Q

According to Kramer’s article on abstraction, English is a foundational skill primarily needed for students to understand abstraction.True or False?

A

False (the right subject is math)

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25
Q

Abstraction skills cannot be taught. True or False?

A

False

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26
Q

An if statement is an example of a control structure. True or False?

A

True

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27
Q

A plan for solving a problem is not an algorithm if it requires infinite time or data. True or False?

A

True

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28
Q

An abstract step is one for which some details main remain unspecified. True or False?

A

True

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29
Q

Abstraction is only used for music and art, and is not meant for computing. True or False?

A

False

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30
Q

Abstraction is the ability to perform abstract thinking and to exhibit abstraction skills. True or False?

A

True

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31
Q

An algorithm is only useful if it uses a finite amount of time and data. True or False?

A

True

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32
Q

A selection construct allows a decision to be made in an algorithm that determines which action is performed next. True or False?

A

True

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33
Q

Abstraction is about understanding the low-level details of a particular concept or object. True or False?

A

False

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34
Q

What are three aspects of abstractions?

A

1) Creating models
2) Removing details to focus attention on an object
3) Knowing all stages of cognitive development

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35
Q

What percent of adolescents develop into the formal operational stage?

A

30-35%

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36
Q

What is the first step in the How to Solve It list?

A

Understand the problem

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37
Q

When should students be tested for abstraction?

A

Annually at college and at time of application to study computing

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38
Q

Whose studies found that individuals begin abstract thinking started at age 12?

A

Jean Piaget

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39
Q

What are good vehicles of teaching abstract thinking skills?

A

Math, Formal Modeling, and Analysis

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40
Q

Who wrote the book How to Solve It, which outlines a general approach to problem solving?

A

George Polya

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41
Q

The process of formulating a general description from general concepts.

A

Abstraction

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42
Q

A language resembling a programming language

A

Pseudocode

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43
Q

Where we “Bang on it a bit” in order to determine if the code is correct

A

Testing

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44
Q

Execution of statements one after the other

A

Sequential

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45
Q

A problem in our code

A

Bug

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46
Q

The World Wide Web first became available in what year?

A

1991

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47
Q

A Web page is a document with links that allow you to move from one document to another quickly. True or False?

A

True

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48
Q

Hyperlinks that move to a document on the same computer

A

Relative Hyperlinks

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49
Q

Hyperlinks that move to points within a document

A

Target Hyperlinks

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50
Q

Hyperlinks that move to a document on a different computer

A

Absolute Hyperlinks

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51
Q

HTML stands for

A

Hypertext markup language

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52
Q

A Web browser is a program that allows you to code text with HTML tags. True or False?

A

False

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53
Q

Some features available on the toolbar of a Web browser

A

Stop, refresh, home, search, back, forward, favorites, print

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54
Q

A web page is retrieved using a…

A

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

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55
Q

The basic elements of a URL are: (5)

A

1) protocol
2) domain name
3) directory path
4) document name
5) anchor name

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56
Q

A search tool is a program that finds Web sites, Web pages, and Internet files that match keywords after you enter.True or False?

A

True

57
Q

What is the purpose of the Internet?

A

To link millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.

58
Q

The 5 most common internet services

A

1) e-mail
2) File Transfer Protocol
3) Newsgroups
4) Chat rooms
5) the World Wide Web

59
Q

Using email is just like….

A

writing a letter

60
Q

In an e-mail address, the ______ is the location where the user’s account is set up.

A

domain

61
Q

Once a message arrives at the network, the ________ ______ determines where the message should go.

A

network server

62
Q

4 types of communication channels a router may use to send a message

A

1) high speed telephone lines
2) fiber-optic cable
3) microwaves
4) satellite transmissions

63
Q

A gateway is a __________

A

computer

64
Q

A search engine is a program that finds web sites, web pages, and Internet files that match keywords that you enter. True or False?

A

True

65
Q

The purpose of a modem is to block possible malicious software from entering your computer. True or False?

A

False

66
Q

Message areas where people can discuss a common area of interest are called ________ groups.

A

news

67
Q

Who created the WWW?

A

Tim Berners-Lee

68
Q

What organization assigns TLDs?

A

ICANN

69
Q

What device is used to support the network with additional storage space?

A

Server

70
Q

To enter a query you are limited to typing descriptive words into Google’s search box on Google’s home page. True or False?

A

False

71
Q

The search terms you enter and the order in which you enter them have no effect on both the order and pages that appear in your search results. True or False?

A

False

72
Q

You must spell words correctly in order for Google to locate them accurately. True or False?

A

False

73
Q

Google looks for dictionary definitions for your search terms. True or False?

A

True

74
Q

Google makes every effort to discover or eliminate unreliable and erroneous material. True or False?

A

False

75
Q

Personal pages are not necessarily “bad,” but you need to investigate the author carefully. True or False?

A

True

76
Q

People who have trouble thinking of keywords around a topic can use the web graphic organizer to help them identify what they already know and make that terminology available for searching. True or False?

A

True

77
Q

Google allows you to narrow your search based upon the properties of images. True or False?

A

True

78
Q

A request for information from a search engine is called a

A

query

79
Q

To right of Google’s search result are sponsored links, which are _______ ___________.

A

paid advertisements

80
Q

The first line in each result is the ______ ______.

A

page title

81
Q

Click on the ____ ________ ______ button on Google’s home page to go directly to the first result for your query.

A

I’m Feeling Lucky

82
Q

Which is a better search query?

a) Does Australia have Target
b) Australia Target store

A

b) Australia Target Store

83
Q

When Google detects very common words such as where, do, I, for, and a, known as ________ words, it ignores them.

A

stop

84
Q

What is the synonym operator?

A

~

85
Q

Wildcard operator which allows you to match one or more words in a phrase (encloses in quotes)

A

*

86
Q

What is the word limit in Google?

A

32

87
Q

Google’s web crawling robot is called __________.

A

Googlebot

88
Q

Google’s web system for ranking is called _______.

A

PageRank

89
Q

Which of the following steps should be used when creating a search term/phrase?

a) Circle key word
b) Underline “maybe” words
c) Add missing words
d) Ignore unnecessary words
e) All of the above

A

e) all of the above

90
Q

A _________ ______ resource is one that provides you with new information that moves you down the path to your final sources.

A

stepping stone

91
Q

________ ________ gives an estimate of the percentage of sources for the topic that are at the basic, intermediate, or advanced reading level.

A

Reading Level

92
Q

Which of the following can be used as supporting evidence for a resource?

a) Facts
b) Examples
c) Videos
d) Quotes
e) All of the above

A

e) all of the above

93
Q

A programming language is written using software. True or False?

A

False

94
Q

Compilers are used to identify run-time errors. True or False?

A

False

95
Q

After a program is translated from a programming language to machine code, the program can be run, or executed. True or False?

A

True

96
Q

This type of memory is volatile.

A

RAM

97
Q

This is the type of error that occurred with the Ariane 5 disaster.

A

A special type of logic error known as a run-time error

98
Q

Camel Case is used to identify variable names where each new word begins with an upper case letter. True or False?

A

True

99
Q

Variable names should suggest some meaning appropriate to the purpose of the variable. True or False?

A

True

100
Q

Which of the following expressions is false?

a) ((5 > 7) and (6 > 8)) or true
b) ((5 > 7) or (8>=8)) or false
c) not (10>= (5+5)) and true
d) ((false and false) or true) or (true and false)

A

C

101
Q

Which of the following is/are good rules to follow when naming variables?

a) Must be one continuous term without spaces
b) Must begin with a letter
c) May only contain letters, numbers, and underscores
d) all of the above

A

D

102
Q

Which of the following is/are the types of loops that are supported by SNAP?

a) forever
b) repeat
c) repeat until
d) all of the above

A

D

103
Q

The following operation is not provided in SNAP for list

A

Locating the index location of a specific element in a list

104
Q

Three examples of boolean operators

A

AND
OR
NOT

105
Q

A list can contain the following types of values (3)

A

Numbers
Characters
Boolean Values

106
Q

Hypothetical questions support the concept of abstract thinking. True or False?

A

True

107
Q

Mathematics is an excellent vehicle for teaching abstract thinking skills. True or False?

A

True

108
Q

Abstraction can only be used in software engineering. True or False?

A

False

109
Q

An algorithm is a calculation that determines how long it will take to solve a problem. True or False?

A

False

110
Q

Pseudocode is a shorthand-like language that people use to express algorithms. True or False?

A

True

111
Q

Algorithms cannot be tested until they are realized in a computer-based programming language. True or False?

A

False

112
Q

The approach to problem solving developed by George Polya is valuable, but does not apply to computer-based solutions. True or False?

A

False

113
Q

Pseudocode uses a mixture of English and indentation to express the processing steps of an algorithm. True or False?

A

True

114
Q

A concrete step is one that does not need to be expanded further. True or False?

A

True

115
Q

Which is not an example of abstraction?

a) Jazz
b) Subway maps
c) Software
d) Donuts

A

D) Donuts

116
Q

Which of the following development stages is where an individuals indicate an ability to think abstractly?

a) Sensori motor
b) Pre-operational
c) Concrete Operational
d) Formal Operational

A

D) Formal Operational

117
Q

What produces a true or false result?

A

Boolean expression

118
Q

Which of the following include selection statements and repetition statements?

a) Control structures
b) Operand specifier
c) Data type
d) Boolean expressions
e) Information hiding

A

a) Control structures

119
Q

A sequence of steps that will repeat some number of times

A

Loop

120
Q

A set of instructions to accomplish some task

A

Algorithm

121
Q

Execution of statements one after the other

A

Sequential

122
Q

Otherwise known as a branch that only executes if the condition is true

A

Decision

123
Q

The term “cookie” comes from the term “magic cookie” a term in programming language for a piece of information shared between co-operating pieces of software. True or False?

A

True

124
Q

Asymmetric keys can be used for both encryption and decryption. True or False?

A

False

125
Q

What company was established in 1858 to carry instantaneous communications across the ocean that eventually be used for Internet communications?

A

Atlantic Cable

126
Q

In 1957 while responding to the threat of the Soviets in general and the success of Sputnik in particular what American president created both the interstate highway system and the Advanced Research Projects Agency?

A

Dwight Eisenhower

127
Q

Use Caesar Cypher shift 3 to decrypt the following message: kltgb gllgb

A

howdy doody

128
Q

What can Alice use to ensure that her messages are identified as coming from her?

A

Digital signature

129
Q

Who was first contacted by IBM to develop the operating system for their new “Personal Computer”?

A

Gary Kildall

130
Q

Where did the term “cookies” originate?

A

Netscape Project by Lou Montulli

131
Q

For best results, use several precise words. True or False?

A

False

132
Q

The tilde operator works best when applied to specific terms and terms with many synonyms. True or False?

A

False

133
Q

Which of the following is an example of a filer provided by Google to help narrow search results?

a) Images
b) Video
c) Maps
d) Books
e) All of the above

A

D

134
Q

Snippets include one or more of your query words shown in _________.

A

boldface

135
Q

What search engine provides an interesting quote along with the results of a search?

A

Boodle

136
Q

The third party application reports which of two terms or phrases Google estimates to be more prevalent on the web.

A

Google Fight

137
Q

If you want pages containing any (instead of all) of your search terms, use the ________ operator.

A

OR

138
Q

What google operator returns similar pages

A

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Computer Science Principles (5 decks)

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