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First Semester Final SG > 1st Semester > Flashcards

1st Semester Flashcards

0
Q

Vasco de Gama

A

Sailed around 1488
Wanted to go to china but got lost and ended up in India
He returned home from so many treasures (spices and fragrances) came back with 60X more then he came with
He names the tip of Africa “Good hope”

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1
Q

Marco Polo

A

In 1296, he sailed to china
He stayed in china for 24 years.
Found silk and spices (was the most important)

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2
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

In 1492 he made the first recorded trip to the new world
3 ships: Nina, the Pinta and the Santa Maria
The king and queen offered him three things: 10% of whatever he got, governed of any new found land, and a title “Admeral of the ocean sea”
On October 12 1492 he landed in the Bahamas.

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3
Q

Amerigo Vespucci

A

Italian
America is named after him
Famous map maker first person to make a map of the US

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4
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

He discovered the Strait of Magellan and names it the Pacific Ocean

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5
Q

Hernando Cortes

A

The Aztecs thought Cortez was Quetzalcoatl (a God)
First Great Conquistador
Cortes told them to bring all the leaders to this one place to solve the problems and his men surrounded them, he shot all of them

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6
Q

La Malinche

A

A slave woman given to Cortes who helped him conquer her people

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7
Q

Fransisco Pizarro

A

Went to S. America and encountered the Incas

He captured the Inca ruler in 1532, Atahualpa

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8
Q

Fransisco Coronado

A

He discovered the Grand Canyon and Buffalo (they were bison not buffalo)
Turk approached them and told them that he would show then to the 7 cities
After months they realized that he wasn’t showing him the cities and that they just wanted to keep the other people safe

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9
Q

Hernando de Soto

A

He took over 600 men to the New world to look for gold

He brutally mistreated the Indians, if they tried to get away he would cut off one of their feet

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10
Q

Types of colonies

A

Charter- receives a grant for excitest from a trade company
Proprietary- got a governed to be in charge of it
Royal- they are astablished by the King

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11
Q

Indentured servants

A

someone who got their passage to the new world by promising to work for them for a certain amount of time. Anywhere from 4-7 years

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12
Q

The lost colony

A

Roanoke
They are very unprepared for what’s to come: not enough food, not enough supplies for build houses or crops, already have antagonists

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13
Q

Who was the governor of the lost colony

A

John White

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14
Q

Jamestown colony

A

First perminant English settlement in the new world

John Smith- let the people

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15
Q

Mayflower compact

A

Rules for Plymouth colony

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16
Q

Roger Williams

A

landed in MB, he was a pastor who was the Firestone to preach of separation

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

“city upon a hill”

He led them to Massachusetts

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson

A

banished from MB because she started preaching that faith alone is all you need for salvation
She was tried for herrisy, and came up guilty

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19
Q

Squanto

A

He showed them what crops to do, gave them food, ways to get their crops started, helped with their homes

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20
Q

Plymouth colony

A

settled by the separatists in holland

Storm broke out and they had to land somewhere

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21
Q

Massachusetts bay colony

A

Was the first colony that said they can have whatever faith

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22
Q

Salem witch trials

A

INNOCENT UNTIL PROVEN GUILTY

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23
Q

Colonial life

A

Play: barn raising, corn huskings, quiltings, foot races (track), wrestling, horse races, and cock fights
They started to form clubs: smoking club, laughing club, beef stake club, for men the Monday night club, Friday night club for women

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24
Q

Middle passage

A

The trip from freedom to slavery

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25
Q

Pueblo revolt of 1680

A

revolt against the Spanish in current day New Mexico
Catholicism- the Indians tried to convert them by destroying their idols and sacred places
There was a huge drout in 1678-1689 and they thought God was punishing them for abandoning their ways

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26
Q

The first great awakening

A

Commonly known as a renewal for Christians

Typically awakenings are viewed by the secular world as a period of religious fanaticism

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27
Q

Jonathan Edwards

A

“the greatest theologian of the great awakening”

famous sermon sinners in the hands of an angry God

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28
Q

George Whitefield

A

Greatest evangelist of the great awakening

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29
Q

Results of first great awakening

A

Church growth
Number of religious colleges increased
The Half Way Convenant vanished
Brought more division

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30
Q

Samuel de Champlain

A

Father of New France

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31
Q

Robert de la Salle

A

First person to explore the Mississippi River

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32
Q

Ohio valley

A

The French and the British both said that they settled their first

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33
Q

George Washington

A

sent as a soldier and 150 volunteer fighters to go claim the land in Ohio Valley

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34
Q

Fort necessity

A

Washington built it as a defense

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35
Q

Fort Duquesne

A

The French were building forts by the river when they were settling

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36
Q

Results of French and Indian war

A

Treaty of Paris

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37
Q

The proclamation act of 1763

A

designed to help protect the colonists from the Indians

Colonists could not settle west of the application mountains

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38
Q

Spanish mission system

A

The mission- church
The presidio- giant towers always on opposite sides, there to protect the town, where the soldiers would live
The pueblo- the town, houses and area surrounding the church

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39
Q

Sugar act

A

April 1764, put a tax on Sugar, molasses, and coffee

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40
Q

Stamp act

A

1765 - an internal tax

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41
Q

Quartering act

A

1765- a standing army in times of peace

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42
Q

Townsend act

A

1767- a tax in glass, paint, paper and tea

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43
Q

Sons of liberty

A

To lead the popular protest, some men formed associations

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44
Q

Boston tea party

A

December 16, 1773, the British dressed like Indians, boarded three British ships laden with tea and dumped the tea into the harbor

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45
Q

Shot heard round the world

A

a line from Ralph Waldo Emerson’s “concord hymn”

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46
Q

Paul Revere

A

April 18, 1775

“The British are coming, the British are coming”

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47
Q

Filers of the articles of confederation

A

They all had to agree (all 13 colonies)
They were a financial failure
Foreign weakness
Domestic weakness

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48
Q

Newburgh conspiracy

A

The generals had a secret meting to overthrow the government

49
Q

The great compromise

A

Bicameral government

One house Is population and the other one is equal people

50
Q

Three fifths compromise

A

Slaves only count as 3/5 of a person

51
Q

Shays rebellion

A

Soldiers were promised money when they return and when they got back there was no money. Daniel Shay led a rebellion reviewing that the articles of confederation weren’t working

52
Q

Bill of rights

A

Civil liberties- the protect your own rights

Restrict power of national governmant

53
Q

Whiskey rebellion

A

Alexander Hamilton decided to put a tax on whiskey

People rebel against it and starts in Pensylvania and burned the guys house down who started it

54
Q

XYZ affair

A

France started seizing American trade
They send 3 representatives to France to work something out and to meet Tallyrand but they were met by people who would not give their name X Y and Z

55
Q

Alain and sedition act

A

It was restructions on immigration from the states and freedom of speech

56
Q

Virginia and Kentucky resolutions

A

This nullified the alien and sedition act

57
Q

Federalists

A

Ruled by the elite- they didn’t think those in charge should be everyday citizens that they should be educated and wealthy
Limited government
Limited states right and a power centural government
Favorite protective terrifs
Pro british
Centural bank
Restrictions on freedom of speech and press
Wanted a strong navy

58
Q

Democratic republicans

A

Wanted rule by the people
Open to more government but wanted restrictions
Strong states rights and a weak centural government
Strict interpretation of the constitution
Wanted no special favors for busnesses
Pro French
Wanted to get rid of the national debt
Wanted states banks not federal bank
Freedom of speech and press
Wanted a navy only for defense

59
Q

Louisiana purchase

A

They had a major port
JT authorized Robert Livingston to buy New Orleans for $10 million
The prime minister of France offers all of the Louisiana teritory for $15 million and TJ okays it

60
Q

Lewis and Clark expedition

A

Lewis and Clark were sent by TJ to explore the Louisiana territory
Lasted 3 years

61
Q

War hawks

A

Leading war hawk is Henry clay

War hawks are people who want war or like war

62
Q

Oliver Hazard Perry

A

“we have met the enemy and they are ours.”

63
Q

Francis Scott key

A

He writes the Star-Spangled Banner

64
Q

Battle of ft. McHenry

A

The British bombed the fort and didn’t even come on to land

65
Q

Treaty of Ghent

A

Ended the war of 1812

66
Q

Era of good feelings

A

James Monroe went to all the states talking to the people and looking at the armies.. People loved it

67
Q

Panic of 1819

A

Result of over speculation

68
Q

Missouri compromise

A

Missouri becomes a slave state and main becomes a free state without the population

69
Q

Monroe doctrine

A

America is no longer to be seen as a place of colonization by Europe
Any attempt to settle in or around the United States will be seen as an act of war

70
Q

Isolationism

A

We promised to stay out of European affairs

71
Q

Lucretia Mott

A

-extreme abolitionist

72
Q

Elizabeth Cady Stanton -

A

first women to advocate women’s suffrage

73
Q

Susan B. Anthony -

A

supported equality with men and followers were called Susy B’s

74
Q

Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell

A

first women to graduate from medical school in the United States, strong supporter of women’s rights

75
Q

Indian removal act

A

passed a law to make sure they moved west

76
Q

Trail of tears

A

half of the Indians died on the way

77
Q

Bureau of Indian affairs

A

it was their job to make sure Indians were being treated fairly.. No Indians were on it

78
Q

Stephan Austin

A

Goes to Santa Anna to talk about keeping slaves in Texas

79
Q

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

A

President of Mexico.. raises an army to kick out the Americans from Texas

80
Q

Lone star republic

A

1836 Texas declares independence from Mexico

81
Q

Sam Houston

A

After declaring independence from Mexico, they declare him as their leader

82
Q

Alamo

A

Santa Anna goes into Texas and captures Americans
Lasted 13 days then they killed all the Americans in the Alamo
“Remember the Alamo”

83
Q

Jim Bowie

A

designed the hunting knife. He would explore all around and pick a place to setting and when it got super populated he would move.
He was in the hospital when the Alamo happened

84
Q

Davey Crocket

A

he took down 6 guys before he was killed

85
Q

Rio grande river

A

border between Texas and Mexico

86
Q

Bear flag revolt

A

Word sent to General Stephen Kearney to capture San Diego to help John C. Fremont

87
Q

Sitters Fort

A

Supplied food, guns, and gun powder

88
Q

John C. Fremont

A

Tracker/explorer traveled throughout Oregon and California

89
Q

John Sutter

A

Lived in California under Mexican rule for 16 years, built big empire off of forced Indian slave labor

90
Q

California gold rush

A

January 24, 1848 golf discovered at sutters mill

91
Q

James Marshall

A

Found a nugget the size of a doughnut hole

92
Q

Sutters Mill

A

Where told was found, mill half done, was never finished

93
Q

49ers

A

Those who came in the gold rush in 1849

94
Q

Chinese

A

Largest group of foriengers

95
Q

Foreign miners tax

A

$20 a month to be able to work as a minor

96
Q

Woman in the gold rush

A

Not as many woman, many widows, open stores, laundry services, most became prostitues, first woman entrepreneurs

97
Q

Indians in gold rush

A

Hurt most, destroyed land, competition for hunting sounds

98
Q

Placer gold

A

Gold you can find lying on the ground

99
Q

Results of the gold rush

A

Cali reached number of people needed to become a state
September 9, 1850 became a free state
60,000 people by then

100
Q

Pennsylvania turnpike 1790

A

Hard surface highway stretched 62 miles

101
Q

1811 Cumberland road

A

591 mile railroad Maryland to Illinois

102
Q

Steamboats 1790

A

Savannah steam engine crossed Atlantic 1819

103
Q

Railroad

A

1829 significant form of transportation

104
Q

Prohibition

A

Ban on sale, production, importation and transportation of alcoholic beverages 1920-1933

105
Q

Results of early transportation

A

It increased wealth to all Americans but also increased the gap between rich and poor

106
Q

Mormons

A

Kicked out of Missouri and Illinois 1850, bad rep for polygamy

107
Q

Joseph Smith

A

Mayor of city in Illinois, ran for Predident, arrested for suspicion for burning newspaper headquarters

108
Q

Deseret

A

Community in Utah

109
Q

President pierce

A

Popular sovereignty, do nothing president

110
Q

Avenging angels

A

Group in Mormon church, threatened people with fear and murder to keep them from leaving due to drout

111
Q

Bringham Young

A

Governor of Deseret, suggests Utah territory, makes announcement of independent state, uses popular sovereignty to manipulate

112
Q

President Buchannon

A

Puts together an army of 2500 to squash Mormon rebellion

113
Q

Thatcher Band

A

Group of American settlers going west passing through Utah, all from Missouri or Illinois, Mormons refuse to trade, stole food from Mormon farmers and Indians, Indians plan to attack

114
Q

John D. Lee

A

General of Mormon army, tells settlers of Indian plan, told settlers they would help if they turned over weapons and left Immediately

115
Q

Mountain meadow massacre

A

Indians and Mormons hide in bushes and kill 120 settlers and 17 babies survive, word spread quickly, US army arrives, Young surrenders, and steps down as governor

116
Q

Salt Lake City

A

Mormon capital

117
Q

Oregon trail

A

Indians have never seen whites

118
Q

Marcus and Narcissa Whitman

A

Went to Oregon, set up medical and missionary facility right of the trail, has one child and adopted 11, built schools, grist mill, killed by cayuse Indians

119
Q

Henry and Elizabeth Spalding

A

With to Oregon with Whitmans, ran missionary church

120
Q

Cayuse war

A

1855, cayuse hand over 5 men they say were responsible for Whitmans death, hanged, cayuse give up most of their land and move on to a reservation

First Semester Final SG (2 decks)

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