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functional anatomy > 1st quiz terms > Flashcards

1st quiz terms Flashcards

1
Q

anatomical position

A

upright, palms forward, feet shoulder width apart

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2
Q

sagittal plane

A

left vs. right

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3
Q

frontal plane

A

front vs. back

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4
Q

transverse plane

A

top vs. bottom

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5
Q

flexion

A

bring bones together

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6
Q

extension

A

straightens the joint

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7
Q

abduction

A

away from the body

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8
Q

adduction

A

adding to the body

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9
Q

internal rotation

A

towards midline

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10
Q

external rotation

A

away from midline

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11
Q

forearm pronation

A

palms down

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12
Q

forearm supination

A

palms up

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13
Q

epiphysis

A

ends of bone

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14
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft of the bone

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15
Q

metaphysis

A

growth plates

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16
Q

how many bones in the adult human body?

A

206

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17
Q

axial skeleton

A

head, neck and trunk

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18
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

legs and arms

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19
Q

periosteum

A

tissue surrounding bone

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20
Q

isotonic contraction

A

moving

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21
Q

concentric contraction

A

type of isotonic contraction, muscle’s action

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22
Q

eccentric contraction

A

type of isotonic contraction, outside force pulling outward while muscle pulls

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23
Q

isometric contraction

A

muscle pulling but no motion

24
Q

isokinetic contraction

A

velocity of muscle contraction remains constant while muscle lengthens

25
Q

passive movement

A

you move the patient while they remain passive

26
Q

resisted movement

A

partner performs an action against gentle resistance

27
Q

3 principles of palpation

A

move slowly, avoid using excessive pressure, focus awareness on what you’re feeling

28
Q

largest organ of the body

29
Q

epimysium

A

layer of fascia that encases the muscle

30
Q

perimysium

A

layer of fascia surrounding muscle fibers into bundles

31
Q

endomysium

A

fascia that wraps around each muscle fiber

32
Q

agonist

A

muscle that carries out an action

33
Q

synergist

A

muscle that supports the agonist

34
Q

anatgonist

A

muscle that works against the agonist

35
Q

parallel muscles

A

long muscle fibers that run parallel to the length

36
Q

pennate muscles

A

shorter fibers that run obliquely to their tendons

37
Q

tendon

A

attaches muscle to bone

38
Q

ligament

A

connects bone at the joint

39
Q

fascia

A

continuous sheet of fibrous membrane

40
Q

superficial fascia

A

located immediately deep to skin, covers entire body

41
Q

deep fascia

A

surrounds muscle bellies, holds them together while separating each muscle

42
Q

retinaculum

A

structure that holds an organ or tissue in place

43
Q

Can you feel a pulse on an artery or vein?

44
Q

bursa

A

small fluid filled sack which reduces friction between 2 structures

45
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of a bursa, causes tenderness & crepitation of the joint

46
Q

nerve

A

tube-shaped, mobile & tender when compressed

47
Q

lymph node

A

collect lymphatic fluid from lymphatic vessels

48
Q

planes of movement

A

frontal, transverse, sagittal

49
Q

cranial

A

closer to head

50
Q

caudal

A

closer to buttocks

51
Q

protraction

A

(abduction) pushes dumbbells away from body

52
Q

retraction

A

(adduction) pulling dumbbells towards body

53
Q

fossa

A

shallow depression

54
Q

osteoporosis

A

bones start to become brittle and weak due to inability to replace bone tissue

55
Q

degree of freedom

A

number of planes a joint can move

functional anatomy (1 decks)

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