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world geography > 1st Quarter Exam > Flashcards

1st Quarter Exam Flashcards

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0
Q

Region made up of different places that are linked and function as a unit
Many churches one religion

A

Functional region

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1
Q

An area with one or more common features that make it different from surrounding areas
Oasis in the desert

A

Formal region

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2
Q

The study of weather

A

Meteorology

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3
Q

The study of maps and mapmaking

A

Cartography

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4
Q

with one or more common features that make it different from surrounding areas

A

Region

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5
Q

Regions that reflect human feelings and attitudes

Jamaica and Hawaii

A

Perceptual regions

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6
Q

What do geographers use to understand the world

A

Spatial perspective

they look for patterns and try to explain them

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7
Q

What are the two branches of geography

A

Human geography and physical geography

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8
Q

Studiesmthe distribution and characteristics of the world’s people

A

Human geography

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9
Q

Natural environment

A

Physical geography

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10
Q

A mapmaker

A

Cartographer

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11
Q

A person who studies the weather

A

Meteorologist

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12
Q

What are the three types of regions

A

Formal functional perceptual

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13
Q

The grid on a globe is made up of

A

Longitude and latitude

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14
Q

The_____lies halfway between the north and south poles

A

Equator

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15
Q

Lines of latitude are also called

A

Parallels

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16
Q

Lines of longitude are also called

A

Meridians

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17
Q

The_____ is an imaginary line drawn from the north pole to the South Pole

A

Prime meridian

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18
Q

What do parallels and meridians measure distance in

A

Degrees

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19
Q

A collection of maps all in one book

A

Atlas

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20
Q

Mapmakers put our round earth on a flat map using

A

Map projection

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21
Q

Name the tree map projections

A

Cylindrical conic flat plane

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22
Q

The shortest route between any two places on the planet is called

A

Great circle route

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23
Q

Helps us determine real distance between points on a map

A

Distance scales

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24
Q

A compass Rose is a type of

A

Directional indicator

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25
Q

Identifies the symbols on a map and what they represent

A

Legend

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26
Q

Most accurate at the equator (where the paper touches)
Advantages: direction and shape
Disadvantage: north gets bigger. South gets smaller

A

Cylindrical projection

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27
Q

Where the cone touches Is most accurate
Advantages: Direction and shape
Disadvantages: Shows less

A

Conic projection

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28
Q

Touches only at one point
Advantages: Perfect direction
shortest distance is not straight-great distance route
Disadvantages: Size coastline shape

A

Flat plane projection

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29
Q

The study of everything on earth from rocks and rainfall to people and places

A

Geography

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30
Q

The two halves of the globe

A

Hemispheres

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31
Q

Shows the average temperatures and precipitation in a place

A

Climate graph

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32
Q

The condition of the atmosphere at a given time and place

A

Weather

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33
Q

Weather conditions in a geographic location over a long time are called

A

Climate

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34
Q

Winds that blow from the same direction most of the time

A

Prevailing winds

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35
Q

How does a front occur

A

Went to air masses of widely different temperatures or moisture levels meet

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36
Q

What is the Gulf Stream

A

A warm water current

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37
Q

Process in which water changes from a liquid to a gas

A

Evaporation

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38
Q

The amount of water in the air

A

Humidity

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39
Q

Process by which water vapor changes from a gas into liquid droplets

A

Condensation

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40
Q

Occurs when moist air pushes against a mountain

A

Orographic effect

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41
Q

Middle latitude storms

A

Tornadoes

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42
Q

Most powerful and destructive tropical cyclones

A

Hurricanes

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43
Q

The name of hurricanes in the Western Pacific ocean

A

Typhoons

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44
Q

A dryer area on the Leeward side of the mountain range

A

Rain shadow

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45
Q

The study of the Earth’s physical structure and the processes that have created them

A

Geology

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46
Q

Rocks break and decay overtime in a process is called

A

Weathering

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47
Q

What causes erosion

A

Water wind and ice

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48
Q

Movement of water through the hydrosphere is called the

A

Hydrologic cycle

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49
Q

First and smaller streams from Runoff

A

Headwaters

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50
Q

Any small stream or river that flows into a larger stream or river

A

Tributary

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51
Q

The whole region drained by the river and its tributaries

Drainage basin

A

Watershed

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52
Q

Provide water supplies fish and recreation opportunities

A

Lakes

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53
Q

Semi enclosed body of water where fresh water and sea water mix

A

Estuaries

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54
Q

Any landscape that is covered with water for at least part of the year

A

Wetlands

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55
Q

Can move apart collide or slip past each other

A

Tectonic plates

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56
Q

When two plates on the ocean floor collide

A

One slides underneath the other

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57
Q

How are most mountains formed

A

Tectonic plate collisions

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58
Q

Explains how forces within Earth create landforms

A

The theory of plate tectonics

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59
Q

Name to renewable resources

A

Soil and forests

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60
Q

Name three nonrenewable resources

A

Coal natural gas and petroleum

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61
Q

The Statistical study of human population

A

Demography

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62
Q

Information in number form

A

Statistics

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63
Q

The average number of people living in an area

A

Population density

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64
Q

Number of births each year for every 1000 people

A

Birthrate

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65
Q

Total number of deaths each year for every 1000 people

A

Death rate

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66
Q

Process of moving from one place to live in another

A

Migration

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67
Q

People who leave a country to live somewhere else

A

Emigrants

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68
Q

People who come to a new country to live

A

Immigrants

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69
Q

What are some push factors name some

A

Causes people to leave a location

War lack of freedom or safety hurricanes weather political situation jobs finance

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70
Q

What are pull factors name some

A

Attracts people to a new location

Weather political situation freedom safety jobs family sites school finance

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71
Q

People who have been forced to leave and cannot return to their homes

A

Refugees

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72
Q

Activities and behaviors in which people often engage

A

Cultural Traits

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73
Q

An area in which people have many shared culture traits

A

Culture region

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74
Q

A human population that shares a common culture or ancestry

A

Ethnic groups

75
Q

How does culture traits change

A

Through time

Marriage age women education segregation values

76
Q

When an Individual or group adopts some of the traits of another culture

A

Acculturation

77
Q

When immigrant groups Adopt all of the features of the main culture

A

Assimilation

78
Q

New ideas that a culture accepts

A

Innovation

79
Q

When an idea or innovation spreads from one person or group to another and is adopted

A

Diffusion

80
Q

Connections around the world increase and cultures become more alike

A

Globalization

81
Q

Opposite of globalization

A

Traditionalism

82
Q

Any movement in which people believe in strictly following certain established principles or teachings

A

Fundamentalism

83
Q

Focuses on one ethnic group

A

Ethnic religions

84
Q

People believe in the presence of spirits and forces of nature

A

Animist religions

85
Q

Belief in many gods

A

Polytheism

86
Q

Seek followers all over the world

A

Universalizing religions

87
Q

What happens in stage one

A

Both birthrates and death rates are high
Infant mortality rate is high
Typical of mainly agricultural countries

88
Q

What happens in stage two

A

Death rate begins to fall
Total population grow
Rapid growth of cities

89
Q

What happens in stage three

A

Both birthrates and death rates are low
Typical of economically advanced countries
Urban and industrial societies

90
Q

How is the rate of natural increase found

A

Birthrate minus deathrate

91
Q

These Religions focus on one ethnic group and generally have not spread into other cultures

A

Ethnic religions

92
Q

These religions seek followers all over the world

A

Universalizing religions

93
Q

These religions are based on monotheism

A

Universalizing religions

94
Q

People believe in the presence of spirits and forces of nature

A

Animist religions

95
Q

Hinduism is the largest religion of this type

A

Ethnic religions

96
Q

Polytheism is an essential part of most of these religions

A

Animist religions

97
Q

What does a missionary do

A

Helps to spread a religion

98
Q

Where are animist religions commonly found

A

Many traditional societies

99
Q

What is the goal of universalizing religions

A

To spread their beliefs to the entire world

100
Q

What makes up 80% of North America

A

Canada and United States

101
Q

Most major landforms in North America stretch from

A

North to south

102
Q

Islands along coastal Plains created by ocean waves and current depositing sand in shallow water

A

Barrier islands

103
Q

An area at or near the foot of the Mountain region

Right next to it is lower elevation

A

Piedmont

104
Q

The boundary between the Piedmont and the coastal plain

A

Fall. Line

105
Q

Stretches from Alabama to southeastern Canada

A

Appalachian Mountains

106
Q

Which mountain ranges does the Appalachian Mountains include

A

Blue Ridge
Catskill
Green

107
Q

Created by collision of North America with Africa

A

Appalachian Mountains

108
Q

Between the Appalachian and the Rocky Mountains

A

Interior plains

109
Q

What does the interior plains contain

A

The Mississippi River basin (watershed)
thousands of lakes
Great Plains

110
Q

Stretch from New Mexico to Canada

A

Rocky Mountains

111
Q

Made up of several mountain ranges

A

Rocky Mountains

112
Q

A lower area of land generally surrounded by mountains

A

Basin

113
Q

Where is death Valley

A

In the great basin

114
Q

Where is the lowest point in North America

A

Death Valley

115
Q

What are the two major mountain systems

A

Sierra Nevada

Cascades

116
Q

Tectonically active region around the edges of the Pacific

A

Ring of fire

117
Q

A place where magma builds

A

Hotspot

118
Q

Divides North America river systems into those flowing eastward and those flowing westward

A

Continental divide

119
Q

Events in the physical environment that can destroy human life and property

A

Natural hazards

120
Q

Small plants that consist of algae and fungi

A

Lichens

121
Q

The United States has 25% of the world what

A

Call reserves

122
Q

Where is the Appalachian Mountains

A

East

123
Q

Where is the piedmont

A

East

124
Q

Where is the Catskill Mountains

A

East

125
Q

Where is the Blue Ridge Mountains

A

East

126
Q

Where is the Mississippi River

A

Interior

127
Q

Where is the Great Plains

A

Interior

128
Q

Where is the Great Lakes

A

Interior

129
Q

Where is the Ozark Plateau

A

Interior

130
Q

Where is the Colorado River

A

West

131
Q

Where is death Valley

A

West

132
Q

Where is the Rocky Mountains

A

West

133
Q

Where is the Sierra Nevada

A

West

134
Q

It Piedmont is _____an region

A

Upland

135
Q

Where did many early settlements in the eastern part of United States form

A

Along the Fall line

136
Q

What is between the Appalachians and the Rocky Mountains

A

Interior plains

137
Q

Where does Sierra Nevada run along

A

California’s eastern border

138
Q

Which continent has the most large lakes

A

North America

139
Q

The United States has every climate type but which one

A

Ice caps

140
Q

What are the four factors that influence the distribution of climates in the United States

A

Prevailing winds
Ocean currents
Highlands
middle latitude location

141
Q

Who reached the Americas about 500 years ago

A

The European explorers

142
Q

Who became the major influence on the United States

A

The British

143
Q

How many colonies did the British establish

A

13

144
Q

Which transportation was the colonist mainly the world

A

Water transportation

145
Q

What economy did the American colonies develop

A

Regional economies

146
Q

US federal system

A

Power divided between local state and national governments

147
Q

Ultimate power rests with who in US federal system

A

The people

148
Q

What is the Northeasts main economic development

A

Industrializing

149
Q

What is the South’s main economic development

A

Plantations

150
Q

Plantations

A

Large farms that produce one major crop

151
Q

World War I

A

Started in 1910s
We were in 1917–1918
Changed the ways wars were fought

152
Q

Great Depression

A 
1930s
The stock market was new to people 
do not know how to do it
They thought it would always go up
They never thought it would go down
There is also a drought and the Dustbowl
153
Q

World War II

A

Started late 1930s

We entered in 1941 to 1945

154
Q

US superpower

A 
Around 1945
We won a huge war
Large military
Atomic bomb
Great economics and political stance
155
Q

Cold War

A 
Indirect war with Soviet Union
1930s to 1991
Political difference stopped alliance
Allies fought allies
Ends as Soviet Union fell apart
156
Q

Modern times

A

More diversity

More people coming into power

157
Q

Bilingual

A

Able to speak two languages

158
Q

Where is the population Concentrated

A

Northeast

159
Q

What is an important factor in the development of the US economy

A

Education

160
Q

Smallest and most densely populated region

A

Northeast

161
Q

A group of cities that have grown into one large area

A

Megalopolis

162
Q

Name five cities that are megalopolises

A

Boston New York City Philadelphia Baltimore Washington DC

163
Q

Political and financial center

A

Northeast

164
Q

Most industrialized region

A

Northeast

165
Q

A city and its surrounding built-up areas

A

Metropolitan

166
Q

Major farming region

A

Midwest

167
Q

Fit for growing crops

A

Arable

168
Q

Cornbelt

A

Midwest

169
Q

Cornbelt states

A

Ohio Illinois Indiana Missouri

170
Q

Dairy belt

A

Midwest

171
Q

Dairy belt states

A

Michigan Wisconsin Minnesota

172
Q

Largest city in Midwest

A

Chicago

173
Q

Twin Cities

A

Minneapolis and St. Paul

174
Q

Industries based on raw materials

A

South

175
Q

New industries high-tech and aerospace

A

South

176
Q

Tourism and retirement

A

South

177
Q

Largest metropolitan area in the south

A

Dallas-Fort Worth

178
Q

Largest and most sparsely populated region

A

West

179
Q

We belt

A

Interior West

180
Q

Livestock

A

Interior West

181
Q

Pacific states

A

Silicon Valley tech capital

Natural resources and tourism

182
Q

Silicon Valley

A

Tech capital

183
Q

A huge powerful country

A

Superpower

184
Q

Trade deficit

A

When the value of its exports is less than the value of its imports

185
Q

North American Free Trade Agreement

A

Agreement signed by North American countries eliminating tariffs encouraging trading

world geography (4 decks)

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