1st Half

Question 1

cursus honorum

Answer 1

course of honors (quaestor, praetor, consul) - offices of the magistrates that many people attempted to complete; channels competition within an age group; consul is the final step

Question 2

res publica

Answer 2

the public thing; referring to the political system of Rome; competitive arena with arcane rules of behavior for socially superior

Question 3

flamen Dialis

Answer 3

Part of the priesthood; dealt with appearances and taboos; must be a patrician and could never be a magistrate due to overlapping responsibilities; flamen of Jupiter; could not be bound (literally or figuratively)

Question 4

flamines

Answer 4

15 priests that must be patricians; different ones for different gods

Question 5

rex sacrorum

Answer 5

they announce festivals, perform sacrifices, and reenacts the regifugium (expulsion of kings from Rome); cannot be magistrate and must be patrician

Question 6

pontifices

Answer 6

16 offices headed by the pontifex Maximus; both patricians and plebeians; handled sacrifices, calendar, and giving advice (response) on religious questions

Question 7

Pontifex Maximus

Answer 7

head of the pontifices; must live in regia

Question 8

augurs

Answer 8

9 of them; looks to birds to decide if the gods approve or disapprove; advice on religious questions; performing auspices and inaugurating templa

Question 9

decemviri sacris faciundis

Answer 9

10 of them; conducting sacrifices; consulting Sibylline books

Question 10

haruspices

Answer 10

60 from Etruria; interpreting thunderbolts, unusual occurrences, and entrails; not collegia

Question 11

Vestals

Answer 11

6 vestal virgins generally from patrician families; guarding the flame of Vesta; legally emancipated from any man

Question 12

VII viri epulonum

Answer 12

7 of them; organized banquets for the feast of Jupiter

Question 13

Arval brethren

Answer 13

Brotherhood; 12 from senatorial families; cult of Dea Dia at fifth milestone; have chant

Question 14

Salii

Answer 14

Brotherhood; two groups of 12; patricians; dancing priests of Mars

Question 15

Luperci

Answer 15

Brotherhood; two groups of “wolf men” performing a fertility ceremony; Marc Antony

Question 16

Fetiales

Answer 16

20 of them; declarers of war and local arrangers of peace; sacrifice of piglet with knife or flint to declare peace; throw spear into territory to declare war

Question 17

oldest and extraordinary magistrates

Answer 17

dictator, master of horse, interrex

Question 18

questorship

Answer 18

8 or 10 ca. age 30; financial duties; worked under tribune or aedile

Question 19

praetorship

Answer 19

6 minimum age 39; military, judicial, and administrative duties; primarily judicial in nature (held the curule chair and tribunal); held imperium; 6 lictors each with fasces

Question 20

consulship

Answer 20

2 minimum age 42; military and judicial duties; primarily military duties; held imperium; curule chair and tribunal; 12 lictors each with fasces

Question 21

censorship

Answer 21

2 every 5 years; usually ex-consuls; conduct census, keep rolls of senate; ‘degrade’ a citizen; all purple or edged toga

Question 22

potestas

Answer 22

power of each office

Question 23

coercitio

Answer 23

make people do things

Question 24

imperium

Answer 24

power over the army

Question 25

auspicium

Answer 25

power of divination

Question 26

collegium

Answer 26

group of men in the same position but usually with different spheres of influence

Question 27

provincia

Answer 27

group of tasks; not necessarily a geographic area

Question 28

equites

Answer 28

highest wealth qualification; wore gold rings and a short toga

Question 29

assemblies

Answer 29

4 assembles that voted in elections, legislation, war and peace; did not discuss or amend, only voted yes or no; group and weighted voting; must be called together by magistrate to vote; comitia curiata, comitia centuriata, comitia tributa, concilium plebis

Question 30

comitia curiata

Answer 30

assembly of the 30 wards represented by curate lictors; confers imperium on consuls and praetors; oldest assembly; religious implications of voting; called by consul, praetor, or pontifex maximus

Question 31

comitia centuriata

Answer 31

assembly of the centuries (2nd oldest); privileged wealthy over poor; voting happens outside city walls because no army allowed in Rome; could be called only by magistrates with imperium; elects magistrates with potential for imperium (consuls, praetors)

Question 32

comitia tributa

Answer 32

tribal assembly of 35 tribes; can pass any kind of law; privileging agriculture over urban; called by consul, praetor, or curule aedile

Question 33

concilium plebis

Answer 33

assembly of the plebs which met in tribes; privileging agriculture over urban; called by tribune of the plebs

Question 34

mos maiorum

Answer 34

defined the role of the senate; tradition deeply steeped in history