1st Generation AntiHistamines Flashcards
Diphenhydramine brand name
Benadryl
Diphenydramine Indication
Relief of allergic Symptoms caused
by : Anaphylaxis, Sesonal Allerigic rhinitis, Allergic dermatoes
Diphenydramine
Action
Antagonizes the effects of histamine at the H1-Receptor
Does not bind to or inactiviate histamine
Diphenydramine
Side Effects/ Adverse
Drowsiness, Dizziness, Blurred vision, Hypotention, dry mouth, dry eyes, constipation, Dysuira ( urinary output disfunction), photosensitivity, wheezing
Diphenydramine
contraindiction
- Hypersensitivity , Acute attacks of asthma,COPD, severe liver disease
Diphenydramine
Nursing Consideration
- asses for signs of dysuria, retention, altered frequency,
- Asses cardiac and respriatory sounds
Diphenydramine
Patient teaching
- Avoid driving / operating machineary ( medicine can cause drowsiness)
- Avoid Alcohol & other CNS Depressants
Brompheniramine Tannate Indication
Combination Drug of Antihistamine & Decongestants.
- for allergic rhinitis ,common cold.
Brompheniramine Tannate Action
antagonist of the H1 histamine receptors
Brompheniamine Tannate Side Effects/ Adverse Side effects
Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Constipation , urinary rentention, insomina, nervousness
Brompheniamine Tannate Contraindiction
Angle-closure glacoma, High blood pressure
Brompheniamine Tannate Nursing consideration
- check for urinary rentention
- monitory signs for hypersenitivity
- access heart rate
- Access ECG
Bromopheniamine Tannate Patient teaching
Advise patient about the risk of daytime drowsiness and decreased attention and mental focus.
chlorpheniramine Indication
Relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine release, including Nasal allergies, Allergic dermatoses.
Chlorpheniramine
Action
Antagonizes the effects of histamine at H2 receptor sites; does not bind to or inactivate histamine.
Chlorpheniramine
Side affects / Adverse effects
drowsiness, dizziness, excitation (in children). blurred vision. hypertension, arrhythmias, hypotension, palpitations. dry mouth, constipation, obstruction. retention, urinary hesitancy.
Chlorpheniramine
Contraindication
-Closed Angle Glacuma, High blood pressure
Chlorpheniramine
patient teaching
Advise patient about the risk of daytime drowsiness and decreased attention and mental focus.
Clemastine indication
Relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine release, including Allergic rhinitis, Urticaria.
Clemastine Action
Antagonizes the effects of histamine at H1 receptor sites; does not bind to or inactivate histamin
Clemastine Side Effects
drowsiness, confusion, dizziness, paradoxical excitation (children). EENT: blurred vision. CV: hypertension, arrhythmias, hypotension, palpitations, tachycardia. GI: dry mouth, constipation, nausea, obstruction, vomiting. GU: urinary retention. Derm: rash. Resp: thick mucus.
Clemastine contraindiction
Asthma, COPD, Closed Angle Glaucoma, Cardiac Disease
Clemastine Nursing consideration
Monitor for drowsiness, poor coordination, or dizziness, especially in the older adult or debilitated. Supervision of ambulation may be warranted. Assess for symptomatic relief with use of the medication
Clemastine Patient Teaching
- Advise patient about the risk of daytime drowsiness and decreased attention and mental focus.
- ## Advise patient to avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants because of the increased risk of sedation and adverse effects.
Cyproheptadine Brand name
Periactin
Cyproheptadine Indication
Relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine release including Seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis; Chronic urticaria, Cold urticaria
Cyproheptadine Action
Antagonizes the effects of histamine at H1 receptor sites; does not bind to or inactivate histamine. Also blocks the effects of serotonin, which may result in increased appetite.
cyproheptadine
Side effects
drowsiness, excitation (increased in children). EENT: blurred vision. CV: arrhythmias, hypotension, palpitations. GI: dry mouth, constipation. GU: hesitancy, retention. Derm: photosensitivity, rashes. Misc: weight gain.
Cyrproheptadine
Contradictions
- Overactive Thyorid Hormone
- High B.P
Cyrproheptadine
Nursing Consideration
Assess exercise tolerance frequently (BP, heart rate, fatigue levels), and terminate exercise
Cyropheptadine
Patient Teaching
- risk of daytime drowsiness and decreased attention and mental focus
- Advise patient to avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants because of the increased risk of sedation and adverse effects.
- instruct patient to report other troublesome side effects such as severe or prolonged skin rash, blurred vision, problems with urination, or GI problems
Levocetrizine
Brand name
Xyzal
Levocetrizine
Indication
Management of seasonal/perennial allergic rhinitis. Management of chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Levocetrizine
Action
Antagonizes the effects of histamine at H1 receptor sites; does not bind to or inactivate histamine
Levocetrizine Side effects / Adverse
drowsiness, fatigue, weakness. dry mouth
Levocetrizine Contraindiction
- Hypersenstvity
- End stage Renal Disease
Levocetrizine
Nursing Consideration
guard against falls and trauma (hip fractures, head injury, and so forth). Implement fall-prevention strategies , especially in older adults or patients with excessive drowsiness, weakness, or fatigue
Levocetrizine
Patient Teaching
- Day time drowsiness
- Mindful of dry mouth
- Avoid CNS depressants & Alcohol
Azelastine
Indication
Management of the symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis in patients ≥5 yr. Management of vasomotor rhinitis in patients ≥12 yr.
Azelastine
Action
Locally antagonizes the effects of histamine at H1 receptor sites; does not bind to or inactivate histamine
Azelastine Side effects / adverse
drowsiness, dizziness, dysesthesia, fatigue, headache. epistaxis, nasal burning, pharyngitis, sinusitis, sneezing. bitter taste, dry mouth, nausea. weight gain. myalgia
Azelastine Contraindication
- Active & Inactive T.B
- ## Herpes simplex infection of the eye
Azelastine
Nursing Considerations
- Assess dizziness and drowsiness that might affect gait, balance, and other functional activities
- Assess any muscle pain to rule out musculoskeletal pathology
Azelastine
Patient teaching
- day time drowsiness
- Avoid CNS depressants & Alcohol
