1st Five-Year Plan

Question 1

Date range?

Answer 1

1952-1956

Question 2

Aims?

Answer 2

1. To quickly increase heavy industry like coal and steel
2. ‘The Soviet Union’s today is our tomorrow’
3. To be self-sufficient
4. To procure 22m tons of grain in 1953

Question 3

Success?

Answer 3

1. Annual growth rate 16%
2. Industrial W.C increased from 6m to 10m
3. Standard of living improved for industry W.C

Question 4

Failure?

Answer 4

1. 2% growth a year 1954-56- far below intended 23% growth
2. Little improvement to healthcare and education systems
   Consumer goods low

Question 5

USSR’s involvement

Answer 5

11,000 experts sent in 1953

Question 6

Land redistribution

Answer 6

1. Agrarian Land reform 1950
2. 1952 43% of land had been redistributed to 60% of population
3. 1950-52 production increased 15% per year
4. 1-2 million landlords executed

Question 7

Mutual Aid Teams (MATs) 1951

Answer 7

1. 10 households
2. Effective and popular
3. Buying and selling land still legal

Question 8

Agricultural Producers’ Cooperatives (APCs)

Answer 8

1. 30-50 households
2. Peasants received money or grain as payment
3. Richer peasants slaughtered their animals
4. 1953-54 production increased below 2%

Question 9

Enforced collectivisation 1955

Answer 9

1. Full collectivisation and end to all private property
2. Dec 1955 63% households part of APCs