1st EXAMERS (100%) PErfectION Flashcards
The term history comes from what?
The Greek word Historia which means inquiry.
On April 3, 1956, the Commission on Education filed the Senate Bill 438 drafted by the then-senator …
Claro M. Recto.
The word kasaysayan has the roots ..
Salaysay which translates to saysay
When did the the Commission on Education filed the Senate Bill 438 drafted by the then-senator Claro M. Recto.
On April 3, 1956
On April 3, 1956, the Commission on Education filed the Senate Bill ….
Senate Bill 438
the Commission on Education filed the Senate Bill 438 with the sponsorship of then-senator …, it became an object of hot debate which lasted for three weeks.
Jose P. Laurel
The debate started at the Senate on …. on one faction were the proponents Laurel and Recto, together with Lorenzo Tañada who was later on recognized as the Grand Old Man of Philippine Politics
April 23
Lorenzo Tañada who was later on recognized as the ….
Grand Old Man of Philippine Politics
Approved on (…) before this became a law (House Bill & Senado Bill)
June/Hunyo 12, 1956
This law mandates the teaching of the works and life of José Rizal in
schools and universities to promote nationalism and patriotism.
Republic Act 1425 (Rizal Law):
Senator who sponsored the bill and engaged in debates supporting it. CHAIRMAN OF
COMMITEE ON EDUCATION. Endorsed the amendment of Senate Bill 438 to include more of Rizal’s works.
Jose P. Laurel:
Senate Bill 438 (Noli-Feli Bill): Drafted by
Claro M. Recto
Supported nationalism despite his role in the Puppet Government during the Japanese occupation.
Jose P. Laurel:
Drafted by Claro M. Recto, focused on the teachings of José Rizal. Act
Mandating the reading of Jose Rizal’s works, specifically Noli Me Tangere and El filibusterismo, in public and
private colleges and universities. Approved on (May 12, 1956)
Senate Bill 438 (Noli-Feli Bill)
Senate Bill 438 (Noli-Feli Bill): Drafted by Claro M. Recto, focused on the teachings of José Rizal. Act
Mandating the reading of Jose Rizal’s works, specifically Noli Me Tangere and El filibusterismo, in public and
private colleges and universities. Approved on
(May 12, 1956)
Endorsed by Jacobo Gonzales, similar to RA 1425. Approved on (April 19, 1956)
House Bill 5561
Established the National Heroes Committee to evaluate
and recommend national heroes.
Executive Order No. 75 (1993) (Fidel V. Ramos):
House Bill 5561: Endorsed by Jacobo Gonzales, similar to RA 1425. Approved on
(April 19, 1956)
sang batas na paglikha ng National Hereos Committee (NHC) para suriin o ma-ebaluweyt ang mga
personalidad na naapektuhan ng kasaysayan ng Pilipinas.
Executive Order No. 75 (1993) (Fidel V. Ramos)
Isang romantikong nobela na tungkol sa pagmamahal ni Crisostomo
Ibarra kay Maria Clara at sa malungkot na pangyayari nailalahad sa pampulitika at panrelihiyong
balangkas na naglaladlad sa bawat pahina ng nobela
Noli Me Tangere (Touch me Not)
tungkol ito sa paghihiganti ng ibang katauhan ni Crisostomo (Simoun) na handang
makipagdigmaan laban sa Espanya upang makuha ang kanyang pangarap na paghhiganti ng lahat ng
mga paghihirap na nakaharap niya.
- El Felibusterismo
Third Book, ikatlong nobela na hindi inilathala. Tumatalakay sa paggamit ng kabutihan,
kaugalian, at kahinaan ng mga Tagalog.
- MAKAMISA
ang kapangyarihan ay nasa mga mamamayan. choice/votes
Republika / Republic
The national consciousness that elevates a country above others and focuses on promoting
its culture and interests is often at odds with other countries or supranational groups
Nationalism
A democratic system of government where the country’s leaders are elected and those leaders
hold distinct authority, typically shared with other government roles.
Republika / Republic
- Isang demokratikong sistema ng gobyerno kung saan ang mga lider ng bansa ay pinili sa pamamagitan
ng halalan at ng mga lider sa pamamagitan ng natatnging awtoridad na karaniwang sinusri ng iba pang
mga katungkulan sa pamahalaan
Republika
bunga ito ng paghalal ng idelohiya ng mananakop, mga kasanayan at tradition sa ating
sariling pagkakakilanlan
Cultural Hybridity
In Roman Catholicism, opposition to leaders for their real or alleged influence in politics and
society, regarding their doctrine, privileges, property, or other reasons
Anticlerialism / Anticlericalism
- Sa katolisismong Romano, pagsalungat sa mga lider para sa tunay o di-umano’y impluwensya nito sa
pulitika at lipunan, para sa doktrina nito, probiheliyo o ari-arian, o anumang iba pang dahilan.
Anticlerialism / Anticlericalism
Isang pangyayari kung saan naisantabi ng nasakop na bansa ang sarili nitong
kultura at niyakap ang mga tradition at kaugalian ng mananakop na nag resluta sa pagkawala ng pagkakakilanlan ng sariling kultura. Ng dahil sa ipluwensya ng ibang kultura nawawala pagkakakilanlan ng
ating sariling kultura.
Pagbabago ng Kultura
Isang systema kung saan ang Reyna or Hari ang namamahala sa bansa o sa lahat. Ang
kapangyarihan ay nasa iisa lamang.
Monarchy
ang pagtatag at pag-unlad ng mehanisado paggawa (slight changes, technology)
Industrilisasyon / Industrialization
: Tawag ng mga espanyol sa mga pilipino, namay negatibong kahulugan. (racist)
Indios
tawag sa isang tao na ang dugo ay mula sa dalawang magkaibang pinag mulan.
Mestizo
Inalipin tayo ng … taon
333
- (…) nag karoon na tayo ng gobernador heneral lokal na pamahalaan ang nahahati sa dalawa:
alcadia/ alcalde mayor at corregimento (corregidor)
1822)
- we are under the … (organization) rule of mexico before the gobernador heneral (1821)
viceroy
- nag iimbestiga at sumusuri sa pagganap sa gobernador heneral
- final verdict
Recidencia: (National)
- Pinakataas na ranggo at kinatawan ng hari
- may kakayahang tanggaling ang mga opisyal
- angolekta ng buwis
- Gumanap ng lehislatibong kapangyarihan
Gobernador Heneral / Governor General
isang bisita galing espanya na nag uulat ng mga natuklasan nito sa hari ng Espanya.
- reporter
Vista: (National)
supreme court
- taga payo sa gobernador heneral
- spokesperson, personal adviser
- ito’y sumusuri sa mga gastusin ng kolonya (commission on audit)
- pinakamataas na hukuman ng kolonya
Royal Audienca: (National) / The real Audiencia de Manila
Alcalde Mayor (City Mayor)
- namamahala sa lalawigan na ganap nanasasakupan (NASAKUPAN/ YESYES SAKOP)
- namamahala ng mga araw-araw na operasyon ng lalawigan
-ipinatupad ang batas mula sa National at pamamahala ng koleksyon ng mga buwis.
- Tinatamasa ang pribilehiyo ng Galleon Trade
Alcadia: (Lokal/Probinsya)
- maliit na gobernador
- sila ang nanamamahala sa mga bayan sa mga lalawigan
- malaya sa pag babayad ng buwis (free of tax)
- Na kung saan ay aided sa pamamagitan ng mga lieutants
- punong leutenant, police, works under government
- 25 years old at edukadong katutubo o mestizo
Gobernadorcillo: (Lokal/Probinsya)
- Governor
- namamahala sa lalawigan na hindi ganap nanasasakupan (NONO SAKOP)
- Tinatamasa ang pribilehiyo ng Galleon Trade
Corregidor: (Lokal/Probinsya)
- Baranggay Captain
- humahawak para sa responsibilidad sa kapayapaan at kaayusan sa isang baryo/baranggay
- naghahanap ng mga tauhan para sa mga pam publikong serbisyo
- dapat may alam o literate sa espanyol (communicate, language)
Cabeza de Baranggay: (Lokal Probinsya/ Lungsod)
Ang mga katutubo ay sinisiyasat nang walang pahintulot at walang karapatan; ang mga tao ay
nahatulan at pinatapon dahil sa pagiging mga______
b. Filibustero
- Consehal/Congressman
- may conseho ng lungsod ng lunsod na CABILDO
- malalaking bayan na naging mga lungsod
- Escribado (Eskriba/Manunulat)
- Alguacil Mayor (Hepe ng Polisya, Chief of Police)
Ayuntamiento: (Lokal Probisya/ Lungsod)
Namamahala sa lalawigan/probinsya na hindi ganap na nasasakupan, Tinatamasa ang pribilehiyo ng
Galleon Trade.
d. Corrigedor
sila ang namamahala sa mga bayan, sa mga lalawigan na kung saan ay aided sa pamamagitan ng
mga Lieutants (punong Lieutanent, pulis Lieutant).
b. Gobernadorcillo
Senator … nationalism wat not likewise hindered despite being the president of the Puppet Government during the Japanese occupation.
Jose P. Laurel’s
Bacolod Archbishop … against those in favor of the Rizal He even threatened about the foreclosure of the churches if ever the Rizal Bill becomes a law, to which Recto blatantly responded that the government should take charge, then, of running the parishes.
Manuel Yap
hose who bravely went against the Church was the Catholic … who was said to have walked out of the Holy Mass the moment the presider read the pastoral letter regarding the unfavorable Rizal Law. Another influential person who favored the Rizal Law was …
Mayor of Manila Arsenio Lacson and President Emilio Aguinaldo.
In the 333 pages of Noli, only … speak of nationalism, while … speak against the church, and … speak against the Catholic faith, not including the 50 pages from El Filibusterismo.
25, 120, and 170
It is also understandable why there was the persistent opposition of Senator Rodrigo about provision that obliges the college students to read the unexpurgated copies of Noli0 and El Fili. To do so would violate the freedom of conscience and religion upheld by the …
1935 Constitution
Congressman Jacobo Gonzales, on his end, a …. which means he was one among those who campaigned for immediate independence.
Sakdalista
Congressman …, on his end, a Sakdalista which means he was one among those who campaigned for immediate independence.
Jacobo Gonzales
independence was gradually granted to the Philippines. This began with the Jones Law of 1916, carried on by the Tydings- McDuffie Act of 1934, until it was formally granted on June 4, 1946, during the term of ….
President Manuel Roxas
After the United States bought the Philippines from Spain for …. under the Treaty of Paris
$20 million USD
Those who led the opposition are those whose nationalism cannot be denied Senator Francisco Rodrigo made a campaign for the Filipino Language. Raul Manglapus led the propaganda materials against the Japanese during the Japanese occupation. Sen. Docoroso Rosales was a member of the Japanese resistance in Cebu, The difference between the two factions is that one is closer to the …
Catholic Church
the … was formally disbanded by the Partido Komunista sa Pilipinas
HukBaLaHap
instead of recognizing the Huk’s role in the Japanese resistance, they were instead forced to be exiled by the Americans, who at the time governed the country. This resulted in the persecution of … and other leaders.
Luis Taruc
when Osmeña lost to Roxas during the 1946 presidential election, six of their members who were supposed to have a position in the congress, including Taruc, were not allowed to earn the seats because they allegedly cheated during the campaign. Because of this, the …. Amendment by Roxas, of the 1935 Constitution was easily passed.
Parity Rights
…, such an amendment shall give fair and just rights to the Filipinos and Americans to utilize the natural resources of the Philippines, and that the Americans can import without tariff
Bell Trade Act
hrough the leadership of Ramon Magsaysay who became the Deferme Minister allegedly out of the advice of the US, Luis Taruc surrendered on …., and this weakened the Huk Rebellion force.
May 17, 1954
On September 8, 1954, The Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, more commonly known as the …, was signed, which started the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization or SEATO
Manila Pact
On August .., 1951, the Mutual Defense Treaty was signed, binding the US and the Philippines. This was one of the documents that legitimized the presence of US forces in the country.
30
Back when Rizal was alive, he was considered a … by the Filipinos. He was made editor of La Solidaridad, to which he declined. When the circle was looking for a head, he was chosen over Marcelo del Pilar, to which Rizal also declined. Even with such defeat, del Pilar still made effort into resolving his conflict with Rizal. This only shows the respect and honor the former had for the latter. But when La Liga Filipina, established by del Pilar after his exile, was split, the revolutionary members of the Katipunan still acknowledged Rizal as the honorary president.
leader
The death of Rizal became the primary reason why those who longed for …, like Mabini, finally longed for ultimate liberation.
assimilation
On …, Aguinaldo declared December 30 as Rizal Day and National Day of Mourning. Such a date became an annual national holiday through Act No. 345 of the 1902 Philippine Commission A lot of other laws honoring Rizal came into surface, like the Act No. 317 of 1901 that birthed the province of Rizal, Act No. 233 of 1901 that erected the Rizal monument at Luneta, RA 229 of 1948 that prohibited gambling like cockfighting every December 30, Executive Order No. 429 of President Carlos Garcia who established the Rizal Pro Patria Award, and of course the RA 1425.
December 20, 1898
On December 20, 1898, Aguinaldo declared December 30 as Rizal Day and National Day of Mourning. Such a date became an annual national holiday through … Philippine Commission A lot of other laws honoring Rizal came into surface, like the Act No. 317 of 1901 that birthed the province of Rizal, Act No. 233 of 1901 that erected the Rizal monument at Luneta, RA 229 of 1948 that prohibited gambling like cockfighting every December 30, Executive Order No. 429 of President Carlos Garcia who established the Rizal Pro Patria Award, and of course the RA 1425.
Act No. 345 of the 1902
In …, President Fidel Ramos issued an executive order regarding the formal acknowledgment, through declaration, of national heroes. This is the Executive Order No. 75 of 1993. The National Heroes Committee was created,
1993
In 1993, President Fidel Ramos issued an executive order regarding the formal acknowledgment, through declaration, of national heroes. This is the …. The National Heroes Committee was created,
Executive Order No. 75 of 1993
“A … is an admirable leader towering over his peers, serving a noble cause with the sword or the pen, possessing exceptional talent, distinguished in valor and/ or bold exercising a determinative influence over the event, who in times of extreme stress and difficulties, project himself by his own fortitude, efforts, and sacrifices to be the beacon of light that guides his oppressed countrymen to their rightful destiny, and in complete self-denial abandons his personal interests to place those of country above and before any other, and whose deeds and acts are proudly emulated by a grateful people, that after his death, render him singular tributes, honor him by public worship, and acknowledge his meritorious services to mankind by spontaneous national recognition.”
hero
The Alexander Dumas classic, “…” narrates the story of Porthos, and Aramis, including D’Artagnan, Even if a portion of the novel was inaccurate once viewed in the historical lens, the whole novel tells of the internal conflict within France, amidst its conflict with the Protestant England. The characters were allegedly based on real people, such as the cousins Armand d’Athos, Isaac de Porthau, and Henri d’Aramitz who were Gascony noblemen, while d’Artagnan was based on Count Charles Ogier de Batz de Castelmore, Cardinal Richelieu was based on Cardinal Jean du Plessis, Duke of Richelieu.
The Three Musketeers
the whole novel tells of the internal conflict within France, amidst its conflict with the Protestant England. The characters were allegedly based on real people
Alexander Dumas classic, “The Three Musketeers”
A … by Charles Dickens was based on true events, though it was not confirmed whether the characters were based on real persons.
Tale of Two Cities
The novel revolved around London and Paris during the French Revolution.
Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens
Even those who are foreign to the masterpiece, …. of Harriet Beecher Stowe, and The … of Alexander Dumas, could say that literature has played an important role in shaping history, as these classics greatly influenced Rizal
Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Count of Monte Cristo
Just like the imprisonment of Bernardo in the …, accused of a crime he did not know he committed, depicted the abuse experienced in the hands of the Spaniards, while his coming escape shows the hope that tomorrow promises liberation and redemption.
Alamat ni Bernardo Carpio
there is …. The prowess of Sulayman and Indarapatra in slaying the beast shows the typical chivalry of the natives even in the midst of an impossible adversary.
Indarapatra at Sulayman
Similar with the song of Francisco Baltazar in Florante at Laura, the pain and desolation felt by Florante for his “…”, and regarding Laura whom he loved, both of which were taken away and ruled by an impostor, captures the imagery of the pain and suffering of the natives from the lands that fell into the hands of the colonizers.
bayan kong sawi
.. century paved the way to Filipino nationalism
19th
Most of the earliest uprisings, however, fought only for the rights of the few, and not of the entire Filipino. For example, the Rajah Sulayman and Lakan Dula 1574 revolt was fronted by the dwellers of Manila and only for the sake of …
themselves.
The nationalist sentiment which sparked the …., started not from the struggle for independence, but from the anticipation for a much better life of all those who live in the Philippines.
1896 Philippine Revolution
Philippine nationalism was not rooted from the hope for …, but for the hope that each country dweller shall experience the same of the Filipinos who are in Europe.
liberation
The feudal system was initially for the common good; this system was drafted after the … of the Romans.
manorial system
If there is one to put the blame on as to why the Philippines never got the progress it has long since aspired for, it was not the friars, or even the governor general. Yes, they could take part in the blame, but the root cause of the non-progress was the feudal system brought by the ….
European conquistadores.
The common concept of the … system is that those who dwell within the manors or large territories - have rights to rule, in line with the protection they enjoy.
manorial
feudalism was centered on the fiefs or feudum, from where the term feudalism was coined. A fief is the share of the land granted to a person called the … or …. , by the vassal.
agalon or seigneur
feudalism was centered on the fiefs or …, from where the term feudalism was coined.
feudum
The … gives service to the seigneur in the form of, mostly, military protection especially in times of war and conflict.
vassal
What usually happens is that the vassal cannot live up to the propriety granted unto him. Because of this, he then confers his services to the tenant vassal. The vassal asks for some share from the tenant vassal, usually through military service or a portion of the property. But the tenant vassal does not thoroughly look after the land. He hires a commoner, usually those who dwell within the property, who will cultivate the land in exchange for food or shelter. These people are called …
serfs.
The French Revolution also totally eradicated … rights and tithes
seigneurial
… rights refer to the fees the nobility was due. Before the Revolution, peasants needed to pay feudal dues out of their lodging in the seigneurial lands. Tithes refer to clerical fees. Before the Revolution, those who belonged to the Third State (or the commoners, blatantly-speaking), needed to pay the clerical tax amounting to 1/10th of their earnings, to the First State (or the Church).
Seigneurial
Spain, however, remained to be Feudal until the Constitucion Politica de la Monarquia Española or the … - was established on March 19, 1812.
Constitution of Cadiz
Spain, however, remained to be Feudal until the Constitucion Politica de la Monarquia Española or the Constitution of Cadiz - was established on ….
March 19, 1812
The … occupy the top level. The term … refer to the Spaniards born in the Iberian Peninsula; they were made up of government officials and the friars.
peninsulares
Lower than the peninsulares are the … or …. The term … refer to the Spaniards born in the Insula or the colonial islands such as the Philippines.
insulares or creoles
the peninsulares addressed the insulares not as Spanish but as ‘….’, which later on became mere ‘Filipinos.
Spanish-Filipinos
many of …, if not all, favored the illustrades and the principalias.
insulares
In the middle level lay the …
mestizos, illustrados, and principales.
… refer to people of different ancestral origins.
Mestizos
There are three different types of mestizos: the … were those of Chinese descent, the … were of Spanish blood, and the … are of mixed Spanish and Chinese origins.
mestizo de sangley, mestizo de Espanyol and tornatras
Rizal was a …, but commonly, he had Chinese and mestizo de sangley origins. He also had Spanish blood, thereby making him a mestizo de Espanyol, based on his mother’s lineage.
tornatra
The …, literally translated as the enlightened, was the term used for the educated few. Most of them were mestizo de Espanyol, but there were also a number of insulares.
illustrados
They lobbied for change, most especially for fair political and economic governance. Rizal was also considered an ….
illustrado
The … were the noble class before the arrival of the Spaniards.
principalias
The … were the noble class before the arrival of the Spaniards. Those who belonged to this faction were the descendants of the datu, rajah, lakan, and others along similar desiguation.
principalias
… was also the term used to refer to the descendants of the tribal leaders of the balangays or barangays before the arrival of the Spaniards.
Principales
Some of them even held lower positions, such as gobernadorcillo or cabeza de barangay, in the colonial government. The Rizal clan were also renowned …..
principales.
The low tier was composed of the indigents, also popularly known as …. The term … was used to address the natives dwelling in the colonies such as the Philippines.
indios
The … were the descendants of the Indonesians and Malays who were the first inhabitants of the islands of an archipelago later on coined the Philippines
indios
The … were the descendants of the Indonesians and Malays who were the first inhabitants of the islands of an archipelago later on coined the Philippines
indios
Juan Mercado the grandfather of Rizal, registered their family under the indio category, Rizal was also considered …
indio
The Muslims, the mountain tribes from the highlands barely touched by colonialism, and the nomads called the …, were considered the marginalized not part of the society.
aetas
he spoke about the abuses the indios had under the hands of the gobernadorcillios and capitan municipals
Austin Craig
The social structure was nothing new to the … The …, however, used to belong to the top tier, but upon the arrival of the Spaniards, they sank downward the middle class.
principales
Rizal also expressed his dismay and resentment against the …. who were mostly abusive and repulsive against the indios.
mestizo de sangley
The national government is subjected to the …., and the local government is subjected to both the national and the central.
central government
The national government is subjected to the central government, and the local government is subjected to both the … and …
national and the central.
One of them was King Philip II, the Spanish king at the time of the Philippine colonization by Legazpi in …
1565.
… was the ruler during the beginning of the Philippine fight for independence from Spain.
Alfonso XIII
… was the queen who declared the 1863 Educational Decree.
Isabela
The Royal and Supreme Council of the Indies They were the appointed territorial administrators outside of Spain, known as the …. The usual heads of this council were priests or clerics.
Indies
The council was established in 1524 by King Carlos V, which lasted only until 1834 after Maria Christina, regent and mother of Queen Elizabeth II, abolished it.
The Royal and Supreme Council of the Indies
the … the highest civil authority was headed by a king or a queen. He/she holds one of the highest spiritual authorities, like the first patron or sponsor of evangelism.
Spanish monarch
the ….. He was the ruler of the kingdom of Nueva España, including the Spanish territories in North America, South America, Asia, and Oceania, as a representative of the King.
Viceroy of Nueva España
The …. The Ministry for Overseas Territories was the department that gave mandates, on behalf of the king, towards the remaining territories of Spain after Mexico and other territories gained independence. Before this department was established, the administration of the territories were under the Ministry of the Navy.
Ministerio de Ultramar
For the Filipinos, the most important minister of this department was Don Antonio Maura, who established the … Law, which became the path to the reorganization of the local government, making it more autonomous and effective.
Maura Law
It is The …. is a constituent of the Viceroyalty that oversees threats to colonization from other nations, or if the established colonies have not yet been pacified. The … of the Philippines was under the governance of the Viceroyalty of Mexico, atd this was what served as Spain’s center of administration called Spanish East Indies.
Captain General/Governor-General,
Some noteworthy Governor-Generals include …. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi who led the expedition that conquered the Philippine Islands;
El Adelantado
He ruled the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manila after its establishment as a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Mexico in 1579, until it became the Archdiocese of Manila in 1595. As a ruler of the local church, the bishop or archbishop holds the highest authority in his diocese. Come to think of it, he responded to no other authority except for the Pope. But during the time of conquest, the bishops were also subjected to the King.
The Archbishop/Bishop of Manila.
Most of them were actually appointed to their different dioceses. by the King, like the first Bishop of Manila, Dominican friar …
Fray Domingo de Salazar.
This position was inaugurated in 1762 after the controversy surrounding Archbishop Manuel de Rojo del Rio who surrendered Manila to the British Invaders, and Simon de Anda y Salazar who was later granted the
You sent
title Lieutenant Governor of Manila. To refrain from controversy, …. automatically took over the Governor General position in of death/ the case
the Cabo Segundo
The office of the… was held by the Bourbon of Spain back when the Bourbon Dynasty ruled over the land. Drafted after France, this office emerged from the so-called Bourbon Reforms. Directly appointed by the King or Queen, the primary obligation of the Intendant General was to look after the whereabouts of the officials.
Intendant General
Established in 1583, the Audiencia served as the Supreme Court of the colony. This also served as the adviser of the Captain General.
Real Audiencia de Manila
the … was composed of 4 Huwes kun Oidores, 1 Attorney-General or Fiscal, and 1 Constable. They were also the so-called defenders of the accused, protectors of the naturales or indigentia, and other officials.
Real Audiencia
Ruled by the Provincia Mayor or Alcalde Mayor, this was the political territory in the absence of conflict. He held the executive and judiciary within his province.
Provincia/Alcaldia.
The … was also appointed as tax collector. They were also given the “indulto para komersyo” until the middle of the 19th century.
Provincia or Alcalde Mayor
These were the dioceses established to assist the Archdiocese such as the Dioceses of Nueva Caceres, Nueva Segovia, and Cebu to accompany the Archdiocese of Manila. The bishops who ruled these also held political influence.
The Suffragan Dioceses
These were the provincial districts before the colonization and where there were still threats of conflict. These were ruled by the Corregidor who worked under the alcalde mayor as the administrator and judge of the districts in question.
The Corregimiento
This was the provincial council whose task was to help the alcalde mayor as a public prosecutor, and financial adviser, among others.
The Junta Provincial
This was the administrator of the cities. At first, those who can become a … were only the married principalia men, but since 1768, the position can already be filled through election.
gobernadorcillo
This became the substitute for the title gobernadorcillo based upon the Maura Law
Captain Municipal
A wider authority was vested upon the … compared to the gobernadorcillo, because the former can already build infrastructure without asking for approval from Manila.
Captain Municipal
Part of its task was being the helping hand of the Provincia Mayor and the Kura Paroko. Advising and suspending officials, collecting taxes, and serving as the judge of his territory were only a few of the obligations of the …. They also served as the ruler of the municipal tribunal.
Captain Municipal
This municipal council was composed of the captain municipal and his assistants who were the Lieutenant Mayor, Teniente de Teniente de Sementeras, and the Teniente de Ganados.
The Tribunal Municipal
Termed as Alcalde de Primer Voto (Mayor) and Alcalde de Segundo Voto (Vice-Mayor), they served as the judge and administrators of the Ayuntamiento or (City Council).
The Alcaldes Ondinarios
These were the administrators of the barangay, composed of 40-50 families. The job of the it is to collect tribute.
The Cabeza de Barangay
The gobernadorcillo and some of the cabeza get to select one person to be appointed by the Governor General. After a …-year term, the cabeza becomes qualified for the position of Captain Municipal.
3
Those who were of the lower ranks, like the gobernadorcillo and cabeza de barangay, were … and not elected, not by the citizens but only by the few, approved by the Governor General.
appointed
This was the case with Governor General … . Blanco showed sympathy towards the indigents and natives, but he was replaced by Camilo Garcia de Polavieja allegedly because of the friars campaign.
Ramon Blanco
Probably the greatest was the …. Under this system, the monarchy or the leaders of the conquistadors gave the right to claim tribute (tax) and labor or manpower from the acquired territory to particular individuals or groups.
encomienda system
Another was the issue of forced labor. There was no slavery under the colonial government, but even in the absence of slavery, there was …. under the encomienda system. With polo y servicio, all males aged 16-60 who had the capacity for labor were obliged to render a 40-day service to the government with their projects such as infrastructures.
polo y servicio
They can be spared in polo y servicio only if they pay … worth ½ reals a quantity nearly impossible to be afforded by the ordinary.
falla
The local officials of the … who were responsible for tax collection usually took more than what was required, as the excess went to their own pockets.
alcaldia
even with the privilege to own businesses, the …. was also abused. The officials sold the indulto for higher prices. Because the alcalde mayor or provincial mayor was both administrator and judge, there was no way to end the corruption.
indulto para commerciar
The greek word historia means
Inquiry
Rizal law is also called
RA 1425
Third novel of Jose Rizal
Makamisa
Who sponsored the Rizal bill in the senate?
Jose P. Laurel
In which year rizal law created
1956
Which president did the National Heroes Committee was created?
President Fidel V. Ramos
Who was the president that signed rizal bill into law
President Ramon Magsaysay
.Namamahala sa lalawigan/probinsya na hindi ganap na nasasakupan, Tinatamasa ang pribilehiyo ng
Galleon Trade.
d. Corrigedor
- sila ang namamahala sa mga bayan, sa mga lalawigan na kung saan ay aided sa pamamagitan ng
mga Lieutants (punong Lieutanent, pulis Lieutant).
b. Gobernadorcillo
. Malalaking bayan na naging mga lungsod, mayroong konseho ng lungsod na tinatawag na CABILDO
c. Ayuntamiento
. Sa aling siglo o panahon nag-umpisa ang paglago at pagbabago; ang ideya ng industriyalisasyon ay
nagging pinakatanyag sa panahong ito sa Pilipinas
d. ika-19 na siglo
. Kinokontrol din niya ang hukom ng probinsyal ang hukuman na puno ng mga pagkiling sa pabor ng
mga maling gawa ng mga Espanyol.
a. Alkalde
. Kailan ang pag-apruba ng SB 438, napägkasunduan ng senado na ang pagpapatupad ng. mga hindi
ipinalabas na bersyon ng mga babasahin na tinutulan ng mga pari, tulad ng Noli Me tangere at EL
Fuibusterismo, sy para. lamang sa mga mag-aaral sa kolehiyo
B. Mayo 12, 1956
Ang National Heroes Committee sa ilalim ng opisina ng pangulo ay nilikha sa pamamagitan ng isang
Executive Order no. ___ ni Pres. Fidel V. Ramos,
D. Executive Order no 75
Siya ang chairman ng Committee on Education, ang nagpanukala ng Bill sa senado.
A. Si Senador Jose P. Laurel, Sr
. Ilang taon ang pananakop ng mga Espanyol at ang pang-aalipin nila sa ating mga ninuno..
330 daang taon
Kailan nagsimula at kailang naman natapos ang pananakop ng mga dayuhang Espanyol sa ating
bansa
1565 hanggang 1898
Ang tungkulin niya ay may kapanyarihan upang sundin at chuchu ang mga chuchu ito’y sumusuri sa
mga gastusin ng kolonya
. Royal Audiencia
. Namamahala sa lalawigan na hindi ganap nanasasakupan. Tinatamasa ang pribilehiyo ng Galleon
Trade
Corregidor
. Kinokontrol din niya ang hukom ng probinsyal ang hukuman na puno ng mga pagkiling sa pabor ng
mga maling gawa ng mga Espanyol.
ALKALDE
Enumerate the Word events and their effects in the colonial Society
- Industrialization
- Political Upheaval
- The gradual loss of influence of the Catholic Church
Rizal’s mother …. who was framed up by her brother’s wife along with two local officials
Doña Teodora
There were existing offices commissioned to foresee the corrupt ways of the Governor General and other officials such as the … whose task was to evaluate the Governor General by the end of his term
Residencia
The Visita where the monarchy sent the so-called … General to visit the Governor General in the colonies unannounced
Visitador
The … where the so-called Intendant General foresees all other lower offices.
Intendencia
In 1863, through the …., the public school system was founded. Under this system, children ages 7 to 13 were given free elementary education and were obliged to attend school.
Education Reform Decree
Even with the challenge of the liberal Governor General Carlos Maria de la Torre and the Overseas Minister Segismundo Moret through the …. to make the Philippine education system secular, it did not push through because of the protests regarding the steps taken by the Dominican procurator of Madrid, Fray Francisco Rivas, who used his influence as a representative of the Spanish Cortes. This blatantly showed how the power of the friars was far greater than the power of any civil official of the government
Moret Decree
The Philippines played an important role in the Age of Mercantilism through the …, whose route connected Manila and Acapulco, Mexico. Commerce expanded, and gradually traders like England entered the archipelago.
Galleon Trade
