1st Exam - Unit 1 Flashcards
Phospholipids are ______ molecules that have a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head.
Amphipathic
The majority of the plasma membrane can be described as a bilayer of __________ with associated proteins.
Phospholipids
Which proteins do not protrude into the phospholipid layer but adhere to only one face of the membrane?
Peripheral
The type of channel that responds to changes in electrical potential across the membrane is called a(n) ________ -gated channel.
Voltage
Tissue Fluid is also called ________.
Interstitial fluid
Which group of glycoproteins found on the cell’s surface allow the body to recognize the cells as one of its own?
Cell-identity markers
Amphipathic phospholipids arrange themselves into a(n) ______ to form the plasma membrane.
Bilayer
The plasma membrane is made up of phospholipids and _______.
Protein
Most transmembrane proteins are ________.
Glycoproteins
What do voltage-gated ion channels open in response to?
A change in membrane potential
Microvilli primarily function to ______.
increase a cell’s surface area
What are glycoprotein compounds on the cell surface that allow the body to distinguish the body’s cells from foreign cells called?
Cell-identity markers
T or F. Nearly every human cell has a single, non-motile primary cilium a few micrometers long.
True
Organelles that extend from the cell membrane and propel material such as mucus, egg cells, or cerebrospinal spinal fluid forward are called
Cilia
The fluidity of the plasma membrane is primarily provided by the ______.
Phospholipids
Which are usually prevented from moving across the selectively permeable membrane of a cell?
Proteins and Phosphates
What is a protein that extends through the cell membrane called _____.
Transmembrane?
Passive mechanisms of membrane transport ______.
Do not require ATP
The process in which a physical pressure forces fluid through a selectively permeable membrane is called _____.
Filtration
Found on the surface of epithelial cells within the respiratory tract, uterine tubes, testes, and ventricles of the brain, aid in moving fluids or cells through these structures?
Cilia
Which cell extension uses a power stroke followed by a recovery stroke?
Cilia
Movement of gas molecules (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the air in the lungs and the blood or between the blood and the tissues is by which process?
Diffusion
Plasma membranes are selectively permeable. What does this mean?
Some compounds can permeate (pass through) the membrane while others cannot.
An increase in surface area of a cell Blank______ the diffusion rate.
Increases
What are examples of passive transport?
Filtration
Osmosis
Passive diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
