1ST EXAM Flashcards
a measurement science consisting of a set of
powerful ideas and methods that are helpful in all fields of science and medicine
Analytical Chemistry
Two Major Areas in the Discipline of
Analytical Chemistry:
Qualitative Analysis and Quantitative Analysis
deals with the identification of elements, ions or compound
present in a sample.
concerned with what elements or compounds is in the sample.
reveals the chemical identity of a species in the sample.
Qualitative Analysis
concerned with the determination of the amount of a
particular substance present in a sample.
Quantitative Analysis
Analytical Chemistry, or the art of recognizing different substances and determining their constituents, takes a
prominent position among applications of science, since the questions which it enables us to answer arise wherever chemical processes are employed for scientific or technical purposes. Its supreme importance has caused it to be assiduously cultivated from a very early period in the history of chemistry, and its records comprise a large part of the quantitative work which is spread over the whole domain of science.”
Wilhelm Ostwald, 1894
has evolved from an art into a science with applications throughout industry, medicine,
and all the science
Analytical Chemistry
the mass of the analyte or some compound
chemically related to it is determined.
basis of calculation: mass
Gravimetric method
the volume of a solution containing sufficient
reagent to react completely with the analyte is
measured.
basis of calculation: volume
Volumetric method
employs instruments other than those used in gravimetric
and volumetric methods of analysis.
Instrumental method
involves the measurement of such electrical properties
as potential, current, resistance and quantity of
electricity.
Examples:
◼ Potentiometry
◼ Voltammetry
◼ Coulometry
Electroanalytical method
based upon the measurement of the interactions between
electromagnetic radiation and the analyte atoms or
molecules or upon the production of such radiation by
analytes.
Examples:
◼ UV-VIS Spectroscopy
◼ IR Spectroscopy
◼ Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)
◼ Fluorescence Spectrophotometry
◼ NMR Spectroscopy
Spectroscopic method
involves separation of sample components based
on differences in their migration rates.
Examples:
◼ Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
◼ Gas Chromatography (GC)
◼ High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Chromatographic method
