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TOXICOLOGY LEC > 1st > Flashcards

1st Flashcards

1
Q

Study of the adverse effects of drugs and chemicals on biological systems

A

Toxicology

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2
Q

Deals with the application of toxicology to cases and issues where those adverse effects have administrative or medico - legal cosequences, and where the results are likely to be used in court

A

Forensic Toxicology

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3
Q

requires a relatively large amount for it to be lethal

A

Toxicant

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4
Q

requires a relatively small amount for it to be fatal

A

Poison

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5
Q

charged with the responsibility for detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs.

A

Toxicologist

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6
Q

work in crime laboratories, medical examiners’ offices, hospita laboratories and health facilities to identify a drug overdose or monitor the intake of drugs.

A

Toxicologists

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7
Q

process whereby specimen transfer is monitored from TOC up to the actual testing to ensure that evidence is secure or protected from tampering

A

chain of custody

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8
Q

a process of modifying original compound / di for enhanced analytical detection-

A

Derivatization

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9
Q

the amount of drug, metabolite or other toxin in a given volume of plasma, urine, other fluid, tissue homogenate, etc. (e.g. Ag/mL, ng/mL, pg/mL

A

Drug or toxin concentration

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10
Q

a person (police officer, scientist braphysician) who is engaged in forensic investigations

A

Forensic Practitioner

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11
Q

the biological effects produced by a substance (i.e. toxicity); hazards pose risks only if the exposure is sufficiently high

A

Hazard

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12
Q

pertaining to the minute structure of animal and plant tissues as discernible with the microscope

A

Histological

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13
Q

process of prep tissue for analysis by grinding a tissue sample in a specified volume of water

A

Homogenization

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14
Q

a medical investigation performed b specially trained forensic medical practitioners, often in conjunction wi forensic scientists, to determi he the cause and manner of death

A

Medico - legal death investigation (MLDI)

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15
Q

the sum of the processes by which a particular substance is handled in the living body

A

Metabolism

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16
Q

a product of metabolism

A

Metabolite

17
Q

recognized toxicological phenomenon of an increase in drug concentration after death

A

Post- mortem redistribution

18
Q

biological samples collected from a living or deceased person

A

Specimen

19
Q

containing or being poisonous material especially when capable of causing death or serious debilitation

A

Toxic

20
Q

biological samples collected from a living or deceased person

A

Specimen

21
Q

the biological effect of a substance; in this context, toxicity and hazard are used interchangeably

A

Toxicity

22
Q

first highly significant individual in the history of forensic toxicology

A

Paracelsus

23
Q

“All substances are poisons: there is none which is not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison & a remedy

A

Paracelsus

24
Q

father of modern toxicology.

  • His treatise Traite des Poisons
    published in 1814 laid the fondations
    of forensic toxicology.
A

Bonaventure Orfila

25
Q

published a
simplified English version titled A
Treatise on Poisons.

A

Robert Christison

26
Q

German pharmaceutical chemist: converted arsenic trioxide to arsine gas using HNO in the presence of Zn.

A

•Carl Wilhelm Scheele

27
Q

an. English chemist who developed a test (“arsenic mirror”) to detect this poison in biological specimens in 1836

A

James Marsh

28
Q

became the first person to be convicted of murder by poisoning
• Testing for Arsenic
•Birth of forensic toxicology

A

Marie Lafarge

29
Q

father of Toxicology
In 1813, wrote the first complete work of international importance on the subject of forensic toxicology

A

Mathieu J.B Orfila

30
Q

His work mainly centered around
Arsenic

A

Mathieu j.B Orfila

31
Q

used as rat poison & a favorite murder weapon among poor people

A

Arsenic

32
Q

developed a complex system for the extraction of unknown poisons from biological specimens based on the chemical properties of the substances.

A

Jean Stas and Friedrich Otto

TOXICOLOGY LEC (1 decks)

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