1.Locul agentilor infectiosi in sistematica microorganismelor

Question 1

Regn Protista

Answer 1

celule de tip eucariot
-alge
-protozoare
-fungi

Question 2

Regn Procariot

Answer 2

celule simple de tip procariot=bacterii

Question 3

Clase

Answer 3

procariote=celula bacteriana
protiste=cel. uninucleare de tip eucariote
vira
prioni

Question 4

Celula procariota-caracteristici

Answer 4

-nu au nucleu adevarat
-au un cromozom haploid format dintr o molecula de ADNc
-lipsite de organite celulare comune cu exceptia ribozomilor
-au perete celular rigid
-se divid direct

Question 5

Celula eucariota-caracteristici

Answer 5

-au toate caracterele celulelor evoluate
-nucleu
-organite celulare comune
-nu au perete celular
-se divid direct sau prin mitoza

Question 6

Care sunt procariotele?

Answer 6

1.Cyanobacterii-alge albastre
2.Archabacterii
1+2 fara interes medical
3.Eubacterii
-b. clasice:cu perete celular
-mycoplasme-fara perete celular
-chlamydii si rickettsii-habitat obligatoriu intracelular

Question 7

Care sunt protistele?

Answer 7

Protozoare
1.flagelata
2.rhisopoda
3.ciliata
4.sporozoa

Question 8

Virusuri

Answer 8

=entitati infectioase cu parazitism intracelular
-ARN/ADN
-invelis proteic=capsida
-uneori au un invelis suplimentar=anvelopa
-inerte in afara celulei gazda
-paraziteaza celula la nivel genetic, deviaza metabolismul acesteia in scopul propruei replicari

Question 9

Viroizi

Answer 9

-fm dintr un acid nucleic cu GM mica
-prduc boli transmisibile ale plantelor

Question 10

Prioni

Answer 10

-entitati infectioase de dimensiuni mici=5mm si de natura proteica
-structura primara e identica cu cea a unor proteine normale din celula nervoasa
-difera prin structura tertiara si cuaternara
-determina procese degenerative ale celulelor nervoase:encefalopatia spongiforma a bovideelor, Boala Kuru etc.

Question 11

Dimensiunea bacteriilor

Answer 11

Se exprima in microni
-in medie 1-10 microni
-examinarea la MO

Question 12

Forma bateriilor

Answer 12

4 forme de baza
1.rotunda
2.alungita
3.incurbata
4.spiralata

Question 13

Forma-COCI

Answer 13

1.rotunde-Staphylococcus
2.ovale-Streptococcus
3.lanceolate-Steptococcus pneumoniae
4.reniforma-Neisseria (gonococ, moningococ)

Question 14

Asezare-COCI

Answer 14

1.in gramezi sau in ciorchine-stafilococii
2.in lanturi-steptococii
3.in diplo ca 2 boabe de cafea-gonococul(Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
4.in diplo ca 2 flacari de lumanare-pneumococul(Streptococcus pneumoniae)

Question 15

BACILI

Answer 15

=bacterii alungite, in forma de bastonaj cu capete:
-rutunjite(Enterobacteralas)
-taiate drept si dispuse in lanturi(Bacillus)
-maciucate(Corynebacterium) si dispuse ca literele chinezesti
-in forma de suveica(Fusobacterium)

Question 16

Bacterii incurbate

Answer 16

-vibrioni
-spirochete (Treponema pallidum)
-leptospire (Leptospira interrogans)
-spirili (Borrelia burgdorferi)

Question 17

Cocobacili

Answer 17

Haemophilus
Bordetella
Yersinia

Question 18

Forme ramificate

Answer 18

Actinomyces
Nocardia

Question 19

Coloratia Gram

Answer 19

-se coloreza frotiul cu cristal violet 1’
-se fixeaza cu lugol
-se decoloreaza cu alcool acetona
-se recoloreaza cu fuxina

Question 20

Dimensiuni-Bacili

Answer 20

1,5-10 microni

Question 21

Cocobacillus

Answer 21

-Yersinia pestis
-Bordetella pertussis
-Haemophilus influenzae

Question 22

Fuzobacteria

Answer 22

Fusobacterium sp.
Treponema vincenti

Question 23

Vibrions

Answer 23

Vibrio cholerae