1B Neurobiological basis of mental disorders

Question 1

neurobiological basis of mental disorders

Answer 1

1.Neurotransmitter imbalances
2. Neuroanatomy and brain structure
3. Genetics
4. Neuroinflammation
5. Neuroplasticity
6. Neuroendocrine system
7. Neurodevelopmental factors
8. Neurotransmitter receptors
9. Epigenetics

Question 2

Neurotransmitter imbalances in anxiety

Answer 2

decreased GABA, Serotonin
increased NE

Question 3

Neurotransmitter imbalances Depression

Answer 3

decreased dopamine, serotonin, NE

Question 4

Neurotransmitter imbalances in schizophrenia

Answer 4

increased dopamine > positive sym

Question 5

Neurotransmitter imbalances in alzheimers

Answer 5

decreased Ach

Question 6

Neurotransmitter imbalances huntigton disease

Answer 6

decreased Ach, GABA

increased dopamine

Question 7

Neurotransmitter imbalances in parkinsons

Answer 7

increased Ach
decreased dopamine, serotonin

Question 8

Enlarged ventricles associated with

Answer 8

in some individuals with schizophrenia

Question 9

Prefrontal cortex: differences in the prefrontal cortex have been noted

Answer 9

in conditions like
ADHD and depression

Question 10

Hippocampus: structural changes in the hippocampus are associated with

Answer 10

conditions like PTSD

Question 11

mental disorders with strong genetic component

Answer 11

bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and
major depressive disorder

genetics alone do not determine the development of these disorders; environmental factors also play a significant role

Question 12

Neuroinflammation is seen in which disorders

Answer 12

depression,
anxiety,
and some neurodegenerative disorders

Question 13

Neuroplasticity- Changes in neural circuits and connectivity patterns are observed in conditions like

Answer 13

OCD, and PTSD

Question 14

neuroendocrine - Dysregulation of the HPA axis is associated with

Answer 14

mood disorders,
anxiety disorders, and
trauma-related disorders

Question 15

Neurodevelopmental factors
Some mental disorders are believed to have neurodevelopmental origins

Answer 15

like autism spectrum disorder and ADHD,

Question 16

Abnormalities in neurotransmitter receptors can contribute to mental disorders
o
For instance, dysfunction in the serotonin receptor system is associated

Answer 16

with depression