1b Intro to diagnostic Imaging Flashcards
Who discovered X-rays?
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
Discovered on November 8, 1895, while working in his lab.
What significant achievement did Roentgen receive in 1901?
Nobel Prize for Physics
What does ACR stand for in the context of radiology?
American College of Radiology
What does ACVR represent?
American College of Veterinary Radiology
What is the primary focus of the journal mentioned in the text?
Veterinary diagnostic imaging
What is Diagnostic Radiology/Radiography?
X-rays used to produce images transmitted through the patient
What are the two types of images produced in Diagnostic Radiology?
- Static images
- Dynamic images (fluoroscopy)
What are examples of contrast agents used in diagnostic imaging?
- Barium
- Iodine
What does Ultrasonography use to produce images?
Sound waves
What is a limitation of Ultrasonography?
Cannot penetrate air or bone
What type of imaging does Computed Tomography provide?
Cross-sectional imaging
What is the role of computer manipulation in Computed Tomography?
To produce an image without superimposition of structures
What does Nuclear Scintigraphy use to produce images?
Gamma rays
How is the radioactive nuclide administered in Nuclear Scintigraphy?
- IV
- Per os
- Per rectum
What is a key disadvantage of Nuclear Scintigraphy?
Poor for anatomical information
What imaging technology uses a strong magnetic field and radiofrequency waves?
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
What is a significant advantage of MRI?
No ionizing radiation
What is the primary use of Radiation Therapy?
To treat and palliate neoplastic and some benign diseases
What does the term ‘X-ray’ refer to?
A form of electromagnetic radiation
What are the characteristics of X-rays?
- Move at the speed of light
- Vary in energy and wavelength
- Can penetrate matter
- Can cause fluorescence of some atoms
- Can expose film
- Can cause biological damage
What is the function of the cathode in the X-ray tube?
It is the electron source
What material is commonly used for the filament in the cathode?
Tungsten
What is thermionic emission in the context of an X-ray tube?
Current applied to the filament heats it up and electrons escape
What is the purpose of the anode in the X-ray tube?
It is the target that electrons strike
What is the significance of the anode heel effect?
Allows for better cooling and maintains detail
What does mAs stand for?
Milliampere-second
What does mAs determine in X-ray production?
Quantity of X-rays
What does kVp stand for?
Kilovoltage peak
What does kVp determine in X-ray production?
Quality of X-rays
Fill in the blank: The X-ray tube consists of components such as _______ and _______.
cathode, anode
