1A.2 - Sugars Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What elements do all carbohydrates contain?

A

C, H and O.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define ‘monosaccharides’.

A

The monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give 3 examples of monosaccharides.

A

Glucose, fructose and galactose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of sugar is glucose?

A

A hexose sugar.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define ‘hexose sugar’.

A

A monosaccharide with 6 carbon atoms in each molecule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

State the two isomers of glucose.

A

Alpha glucose and beta glucose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define ‘isomer’.

A

Molecules with the same molecular formula, yet their atoms are connected in a different way.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which way round are the H and OH on alpha glucose?

A

H

OH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which way round are the H and OH on beta glucose?

A

OH

H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do 2 monosaccharides form when they join together? What type of reaction occurs to do this?

A

A disaccharide.

A condensation reaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of bond forms between 2 monosaccharides when a water molecule is released?

A

Glycosidic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is maltose formed?

A

By condensation of 2 glucose molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is sucrose formed?

A

By condensation of a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is lactose formed?

A

By condensation of a glucose molecule and a galactose molecule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

glucose + glucose –>

A

maltose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

glucose + fructose –>

A

sucrose

17
Q

glucose + galactose –>

A

lactose

18
Q

Describe the Benedict’s test for reducing sugars.

A

1) Heat the sample with the Benedict’s reagent.
2) If the sample stays blue, then there is no reducing sugar present.
3) If the sample forms a brick red precipitate, then there is a reducing sugar present (and there will be solid particles suspended in the solution).

19
Q

What are all monosaccharides?

A

Reducing sugars.

20
Q

Give two examples of reducing sugars that are disaccharides.

A

Maltose and lactose.

21
Q

If the concentration of a reducing sugar is higher then what will be happen in respect of the colour change?

A

It’ll go further.