1A - Human Biology Flashcards
What is the connection between two neurones called
A Synapse
Describe the order of the nervous system
Stimulus (nerve cell) ➡️ Sensory Neurone ➡️ Relay Neurone ➡️ synapses ➡️ Motor Neurone ➡️ Effector (Muscle)
Name three Sense Organs.
The Eye; The Ear; The Tongue; The Nose; The Skin.
What receptor does the eye contain?
Light Receptors.
What receptor does the Nose contain?
Smell receptors - sensitive to chemical stimuli.
What is the skin sensitive to?
Touch; Pressure; Pain; Temperature Change.
What do receptors do?
Light, sound receptors etc)
They convert energy into electrical impulses.
Light receptors in your eye convert light energy into an electrical impulse.
What part of the Central Nervous System does a reflex cut out?
If an electrical impulse is to strong, the CNS will leave out the brain.
If you burn your finger, the automatic reflex is to send an impulse to your BIcep effector (muscle).
What is the job of a hormone.
Hormones are chemicals released into the blood.
They trigger an action in your body by targeting cells to activate.
What hormones are released to trigger egg production.
The Pituitary Gland releases FSH which causes eggs to mature in the ovary.
This also triggers Oestrogen to be released by the Ovaries.
Oestrogen triggers production of LH in the Pituitary Gland.
LH triggers the release of the egg from the Ovary
What does FSH stand for?
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
What does LH stand for?
Luteinising Hormone
Where are LH and FSH produced?
Pituitary gland
What are the differences between a Nerve and a Hormone?
Nerves:
• Very fast action
• Act for a very short time
• Act on a precise area
Hormones:
• Slower Action
• Act for a longer time
• Act in a more general way
What is homeostasis?
It is the functions of your body which maintain a constant internal environment. AKA • The temperature; • Water levels; • Sugar content; • Ion content
What organ regulates the Ion Content and How?
Kidneys take excess Ions out of your body (e.g salty meat contains excess Sodium) and then creates urea which contains the excess Sodium.
ions are also lost through sweat.
How is Water lost from the body?
- Through the SKIN as SWEAT
- Through the LUNGS in BREATH
- Through the KIDNEYS in URINE
What is the ideal body temperature?
37*C
What Hormone controls the your Blood Sugar levels?
Insulin
Which profession would require the most energy?
- Mechanic
- Professional Runner
- Secretary
- Professional Runner
- Mechanic
- Secretary
