1a - Global migration involves dynamic flows of people between countries, regions and continents Flashcards
Population change?
the balance of The birth rate and the death rate; immigration and emigration
Refugees
a person who has moved outside the country of their nationality or an usual domicile cause of fear or prosecution of death
Asylum seeker
a person who seeks entry to another country by claiming to be a refugee
Push factor
negative attributes of migrants origin country encouraging them to leave
Pull factor
positive attributes of a host country which attracts migrants
Migrant remittances
money transferred from one country to another sent home by migrants to their families/friends/communities
Diasporas
The spread of an ethnic or national group from their homeland E.g. Jews from Israel
The UN defines migration as
the movement of people across a specified boundary, national or international, to establish a new place of residence
population change is a balance of four processes?
- birth vs death lead to natural change = natural increase or natural decrease
- Immigration vs immigration =migrational change (net gain vs net loss)
Net migration?
Number of immigrants – number of emigrants
The migration system?
- The migration system is dynamic
- There has been an increase in migrants however getting accurate reliable statistics as difficult as many migrants move illegally
- The increase can be explained by the globalisation process making it easier for people to know more and travel between countries
Reasons for/causes of migration? (are diverse):
- Voluntary – make a choice usually for economic or family based reasons
- Forced – migration for political or cultural reasons which are refugees and asylum seekers
Intra regional migrant flows?
migration of large numbers of people between different regions within a country:
- Africa, Asia and Europe (2.2 million)
- Looking for a better location within similar culture and language, rural to urban migration, easy and low-cost, no passports and access everywhere
Inter regional migrant flows?
migration of large numbers of people between different regions of the world: (often short distance to neighbouring regions)
- South to west Asia, Africa to Europe, South America to North America
- Easy and lower costs, more choice = increased opp
International migration
- The most significant destination for international migration is Europe
- Better opportunities, remittance payments, safer locations, strong economy, open to migrants
Characteristics of the U.K.’s recent migration
- migration contribution to UK population in 2014 = 318000
- In 2015 it was 330,000 so it’s increased by 12,000 (migration in UK is increasing over time)
- Most migrants come from India, Poland and Pakistan. And most live to Australia, USA, Canada
- Main reasons for UK migration is employment opportunities (working age, managerial occupations), Family reunification (moving to Joy in the relatives overseas), retirement(retirement age, sell high UK house prices and live cheaply abroad, warm climate and good quality of life)