1A Flashcards

1
Q

allergic [/əˈlɜːdʒɪk/]

A

​allergic (to something) having an allergy to something

I like cats but unfortunately I’m allergic to them.

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2
Q

container [/kənˈteɪnə(r)/]

A

a box, bottle, etc. in which something can be stored or transported
a plastic container
in a container Food will last longer if kept in an airtight container.
container of something These women carry heavy containers of water over long distances.
container for something containers for nuclear materials

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3
Q

cucumber [/ˈkjuːkʌmbə(r)/]

A

خیار

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4
Q

raw [/rɔː/]

A

not cooked
raw meat
raw eggs/vegetables

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5
Q

yogurt [/ˈjɒɡət/]

A

ماست

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6
Q

canned [/kænd/]

A

(British English also tinned) (of food) preserved in a can
canned food/soup
You can use fresh, canned or frozen fruit for this recipe.

​canned laughter/music the sound of people laughing or music that has been previously recorded and is used in television and radio programmes

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7
Q

tinned [/tɪnd/]

A

​(of food) preserved in a can
tinned fruit
tinned tomatoes

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8
Q

squid [/skwɪd/]

A

ماهی مرکب
​a sea creature that has a long soft body, eight arms and two tentacles (= long thin parts like arms) around its mouth, and that is sometimes used for food

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9
Q

tentacle [/ˈtentəkl/]

A

[countable] a long, thin part of the body of some creatures, such as squid, used for feeling or holding things, for moving or for getting food

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10
Q

bean

A
a seed, or pod containing seeds, of a climbing plant, eaten as a vegetable. There are several types of bean and the plants that they grow on are also called beans.
green beans
runner beans
beans (= baked beans) on toast
a can/tin of beans
She grows her own broad beans.
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11
Q

steam [/stiːm/]

A

[intransitive] to send out steam
Our damp clothes steamed in the heat.
a mug of steaming hot coffee

[transitive, intransitive] steam (something) to place food over boiling water so that it cooks in the steam; to be cooked in this way
steamed fish

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12
Q

pod [/pɒd/]

A

a long thin case filled with seeds that develops from the flowers of some plants, especially peas and beans
a pea pod
a vanilla pod

a small plastic container with something inside it
Single-use coffee pods are the fastest growing segment of the industry.

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13
Q

pea [/piː/]

A

نخود

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14
Q

grape [/ɡreɪp/]

A

a small green or purple fruit that grows in bunches on a climbing plant (called a vine). Wine is made from grapes.
a bunch of grapes
black/white grapes (= grapes that are actually purple/green in colour)
We picked grapes in the south of France last summer.

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15
Q

vine [/vaɪn/]

A

​a climbing plant that produces grapes
grapes on the vine
vine leaves

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16
Q

lamb [/læm/]

A

​[uncountable] meat from a young sheep
a leg of lamb
lamb chops

​[countable] a young sheep

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17
Q

chop [/tʃɒp/]

A

to cut something into pieces with a sharp tool such as a knife
chop something He was chopping logs for firewood.
Add the finely chopped onions.

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18
Q

cabbage [/ˈkæbɪdʒ/]

A

کلم

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19
Q

margarine [/ˌmɑːdʒəˈriːn/]

A

مارگارین یا کره گیاهی

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20
Q

lid [/lɪd/]

A

a cover over a container that can be removed or opened by turning it or lifting it
They use old dustbin lids as drums.
I can’t get the lid off this jar.

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21
Q

dustbin []

A

(British English)
(North American English garbage can, trash can)
​a large container with a lid (= cover), used for putting rubbish in, usually kept outside the house

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22
Q

rubbish [rubbish]

A

(especially British English) things that you throw away because you no longer want or need them
a rubbish bag/bin
a rubbish dump/heap/tip
The streets were littered with rubbish.

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23
Q

litter [/ˈlɪtə(r)/]

A

​[transitive] litter something to be spread around a place, making it look untidy
Piles of books and newspapers littered the floor.
Broken glass littered the streets.

​[transitive, usually passive, intransitive] to leave things in a place, making it look untidy
be littered with something The floor was littered with papers.
He was arrested for littering.

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24
Q

jar [/dʒɑː(r)/]

A

[countable] a round glass container, with a lid (= cover), used for storing food, especially jam, honey, etc.
a storage jar

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25
Q

jam [/dʒæm/]

A

[uncountable, countable] a thick sweet substance made by boiling fruit with sugar, often sold in jars and spread on bread
strawberry jam

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26
Q

roast [/rəʊst/]

A

[transitive, intransitive] roast (something) to cook food, especially meat, without liquid in an oven or over a fire; to be cooked in this way
to roast a chicken
The smell of roasting meat came from the kitchen.

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27
Q

boil [/bɔɪl/]

A

[intransitive, transitive] when a liquid boils or when you boil it, it is heated to the point where it forms bubbles and turns to steam or vapour
The water was bubbling and boiling away.
boil something Boil plenty of salted water, then add the spaghetti.

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28
Q

vapour [/ˈveɪpə(r)/]

A

​a mass of very small drops of liquid in the air, for example steam
water vapour

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29
Q

pour [/pɔː(r)/]

A

[transitive] to make a liquid or other substance flow from a container in a continuous stream, especially by holding the container at an angle
pour something + adv./prep. Pour the sauce over the pasta.
She poured boiling water down the sink.
Pour away as much fat as possible from the roasting pan.

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30
Q

pan [/pæn/]

A

a container, usually made of metal, with a handle or handles, used for cooking food in
pots and pans
a large stainless steel pan

ماهی تابه

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31
Q

stainless steel [/ˌsteɪnləs ˈstiːl/]

A

a type of steel that does not rust (= change colour)

knives made of stainless steel

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32
Q

rust [/rʌst/]

A

​a red-brown substance that is formed on some metals by the action of water and air
pipes covered with rust

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33
Q

zucchini [/zuˈkiːni/]

A

a long vegetable with dark green skin that is white inside

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34
Q

duck [/dʌk/]

A

اردک

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35
Q

ready-made [/ˌredi ˈmeɪd/]

A

prepared in advance so that you can eat or use it immediately
ready-made pastry
​(old-fashioned) (especially of clothes) made in standard sizes, not to the measurements of a particular customer
a ready-made suit

36
Q

pastry [/ˈpeɪstri/]

A

شیرینی

37
Q

eat out

A

​to have a meal in a restaurant, etc. rather than at home

Do you feel like eating out tonight?

38
Q

carbohydrate [/ˌkɑːbəʊˈhaɪdreɪt/]

A

کربوهیدرات

also informal carb

39
Q

protein [/ˈprəʊtiːn/]

A

پروتیین

40
Q

lentil [/ˈlentl/]

A

عدس

41
Q

beet [/biːt/]

A

1 (also sugar beet) a vegetable that sugar is made from

چغندر

42
Q

pear [/peə $ per/]

A

گلابی

43
Q

hollow [/ˈhɒləʊ $ ˈhɑː-/]

A

EMPTY INSIDE having an empty space inside

3 SOUND a hollow sound is low and clear like the sound made when you hit something empty
There was a hollow thump as the cars collided.
4 NO VALUE words, events, or people that are hollow have no real worth or value
They won, but it was a hollow victory.

44
Q

eggplant [/ˈeɡplɑːnt $ -plænt/]

A

بادمجان

45
Q

mango [/ˈmæŋɡəʊ $ -ɡoʊ/]

A

انبه

46
Q

typical [/ˈtɪpɪkəl/ ]

A

1 having the usual features or qualities of a particular group or thing
typical British weather
typical of
This painting is typical of his work.
This advertisement is a typical example of their marketing strategy.
2 happening in the usual way
On a typical day, our students go to classes from 7.30 am to 1 pm.

47
Q

fiction [/ˈfɪkʃən/]

A

[uncountable] books and stories about imaginary people and events OPP non-fiction
romantic fiction
historical fiction

48
Q

whole wheat []

A

whole wheat flour or bread uses all of the grain, including the outer layer SYN wholemeal British English

49
Q

cereal [/ˈsɪəriəl $ ˈsɪr-/]

A

[countable, uncountable] a breakfast food made from grain and usually eaten with milk

50
Q

mineral [/ˈmɪnərəl/ ]

A

1 a substance that is formed naturally in the earth, such as coal, salt, stone, or gold. Minerals can be dug out of the ground and used
The area is very rich in minerals.
a country with few mineral resources
2 a natural substance such as iron that is present in some foods and is important for good health
Fish is a rich source of vitamins and minerals.

51
Q

think (something) up

A

to produce a new idea, name etc by thinking
She was trying to think up an excuse.
Did you think that up yourself?
Who thinks up names for new products?

52
Q

nutritionist [/njuːˈtrɪʃənɪst $ nuː-/]

A

someone who has a special knowledge of nutrition

53
Q

peel [/piːl/]

A

1 [transitive] to remove the skin from fruit or vegetables
Peel and dice the potatoes.

2 [intransitive] if skin, paper, or paint peels, it comes off, usually in small pieces
peel from/off
The paper was peeling from the wall.
New skin grows, and the damaged skin peels off.

54
Q

variant [/ˈveəriənt $ ˈver-/]

A

1 something that is slightly different from the usual form of something
variant of/on
This game is a variant of netball.
a variant on the typical Hollywood hero
2 technical a slightly different form of a word or phrase
spelling variants in British and American English

55
Q

rivalry [/ˈraɪvəlri/]

A

a situation in which two or more people, teams, or companies are competing for something, especially over a long period of time, and the feeling of competition between them → competition
rivalry between
There has always been intense rivalry between New Zealand and Australia.
The two players have developed a friendly rivalry.

56
Q

tension [/ˈtenʃən/]

A

1 NERVOUS FEELING [uncountable] a nervous worried feeling that makes it impossible for you to relax → tense
The tension was becoming unbearable, and I wanted to scream.
reduce/relieve/ease etc tension
Exercise is the ideal way to relieve tension after a hard day.
2 NO TRUST [countable usually plural, uncountable] the feeling that exists when people or countries do not trust each other and may suddenly attack each other or start arguing
political/racial/social etc tension
In those days, there was a great deal of racial tension on campus.
tension between
The obvious tension between Warren and Anne made everyone else uncomfortable.

57
Q

neat [/niːt/]

A

TIDY tidy and carefully arranged
neat handwriting
His clothes were always neat and clean.

58
Q

messy [/ˈmesi/]

A

dirty or untidy
a messy room
Sorry the place is so messy, I haven’t had time to clear up.

59
Q

deliberately [/dɪˈlɪbərətli/]

A

done in a way that is intended or planned

He deliberately upset her.

60
Q

obey [/əʊˈbeɪ/]

A

to do what someone in authority tells you to do, or what a law or rule says you must do OPP disobey
The little boy made no effort to obey.

61
Q

rebellious []

A

deliberately not obeying people in authority or rules of behaviour
rebellious teenagers

62
Q

sensible [/ˈsensəbəl/]

A

1 reasonable, practical, and showing good judgment
She seems very sensible.
sensible advice
It’s sensible to keep a note of your passport number.
Moving house seemed like the sensible thing to do.
► A sensible person is reasonable and shows good judgment. A sensitive person is easily upset, or understands other people’s feelings and problems.
2 suitable for a particular purpose, and practical rather than fashionable
Eat a sensible diet and exercise daily.
an old woman in sensible shoes and a neat skirt

63
Q

though [/ðəʊ/]

A

used to introduce a statement that makes the main statement coming after it seem surprising, unlikely, or unexpected SYN although
Though she’s almost 40, she still plans to compete.
Pascal went ahead with the experiment even though he knew it was dangerous.

64
Q

suffocate [/ˈsʌfəkeɪt/]

A

[intransitive, transitive] to die or make someone die by preventing them from breathing
The animal seizes its prey by the throat and suffocates it to death.

65
Q

influence [/ˈɪnfluəns/]

A

[countable, uncountable] the power to affect the way someone or something develops, behaves, or thinks, without using direct force or orders
As a scientist, his influence was immense.
influence on/over
the unions’ influence over local politics

66
Q

innocent [/ˈɪnəsənt]

A

not guilty of a crime OPP guilty
Nobody would believe that I was innocent.
innocent of
He’s innocent of murder.
The court found him innocent and he was released.

67
Q

for better or (for) worse

A

used to say that something must be accepted, whether it is good or bad, because it cannot be changed
Work is, for better or worse, becoming more flexible nowadays.

68
Q

partly [/ˈpɑːtli/]

A

to some degree, but not completely OPP wholly
The poor weather was partly responsible for the crash.
The company’s problems are partly due to bad management.

69
Q

comfortable [/ˈkʌmftəbəl/]

A

FURNITURE/PLACES/CLOTHES ETC making you feel physically relaxed, without any pain or without being too hot, cold etc → comfort
comfortable chair/bed/sofa etc
The bed wasn’t particularly comfortable.

70
Q

advantage [/ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/]

A

1 [countable, uncountable] something that helps you to be more successful than others, or the state of having this OPP disadvantage
advantage over
Her experience meant that she had a big advantage over her opponent.
Younger workers tend to be at an advantage (=have an advantage) when applying for jobs.
It might be to your advantage (=it might help you) to take a computer course of some kind.
2 [countable, uncountable] a good or useful feature that something has
advantage of
One of the many advantages of living in New York is that you can eat out at almost any time of day.

71
Q

boarding school []

A

a school where students live as well as study

72
Q

conscious [/ˈkɒnʃəs/]

A

1 AWARE [not before noun] noticing or realizing something SYN aware
conscious of (doing) something
I became conscious of someone watching me.
I was very conscious of the fact that I had to make a good impression.
conscious that
She was conscious that Marie was listening to every word.
2 AWAKE awake and able to understand what is happening around you OPP unconscious
The driver was still conscious when the ambulance arrived.

73
Q

anxious [/ˈæŋkʃəs/]

A
worried about something
anxious about
 He was a bit anxious about the safety of the machinery.
anxious for
 We were anxious for you.
74
Q

ambitious [/æmˈbɪʃəs/]

A

1 determined to be successful, rich, powerful etc
Alfred was intensely ambitious, obsessed with the idea of becoming rich.
ambitious for
mothers who are highly ambitious for their children (=who want their children to be successful)
2 an ambitious plan, idea etc shows a desire to do something good but difficult
an ambitious engineering project

75
Q

generous [/ˈdʒenərəs/]

A
someone who is generous is willing to give money, spend time etc, in order to help people or give them pleasure OPP mean
generous to somebody
 She’s always very generous to the kids.
generous with something
 Jim is very generous with his time.
76
Q

talkative [/ˈtɔːkətɪv/]

A

someone who is talkative talks a lot OPP quiet

77
Q

aggressive [/əˈɡresɪv/]

A

1 behaving in an angry threatening way, as if you want to fight or attack someone
Jim’s voice became aggressive.
Teachers apparently expect a certain amount of aggressive behaviour from boys.
2 very determined to succeed or get what you want
A successful businessman has to be aggressive.
an aggressive marketing campaign
3 an aggressive disease spreads quickly in the body
an aggressive form of breast cancer

78
Q

confident [/ˈkɒnfɪdənt/]

A

[not before noun] sure that something will happen in the way that you want or expect
confident (that)
We are confident next year’s profits will be higher.

79
Q

appearance [/əˈpɪərəns/]

A

WAY SOMEBODY/SOMETHING LOOKS [countable, uncountable] the way someone or something looks to other people
He was always criticising his wife’s appearance.

80
Q

insecure [/ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊə/]

A

not feeling at all confident about yourself, your abilities, or your relationships with people
insecure about
She’s very insecure about her appearance.
She felt lonely and insecure away from her family.

81
Q

impatient [/ɪmˈpeɪʃənt/]

A

1 annoyed because of delays, someone else’s mistakes etc OPP patient
become/grow impatient (with somebody/something)
We are growing impatient with the lack of results.
He turned away with an impatient gesture.
2 [not before noun] very eager for something to happen and not wanting to wait
impatient to do something
Alec strode down the street, impatient to be home.
impatient for somebody to do something
He was eager to talk to Shildon and impatient for him to return from lunch.

82
Q

immature [/ˌɪməˈtʃʊə/ ]

A

1 someone who is immature behaves or thinks in a way that is typical of someone much younger – used to show disapproval SYN childish OPP mature
He forgave his son’s immature behaviour.
2 not fully formed or developed
measures to protect immature whales

83
Q

sympathetic [/ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk◂/]

A

caring and feeling sorry about someone’s problems
a sympathetic friend
a sympathetic attitude
sympathetic to/towards
I’m sympathetic to parents who are worried about what their children see on television.

84
Q

charming [/ˈtʃɑːmɪŋ/]

A

very pleasing or attractive
a charming little Italian restaurant
Harry can be very charming.

85
Q

fascinating [/ˈfæsəneɪtɪŋ/]

A

extremely interesting
a fascinating book
That sounds absolutely fascinating.