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Mod 11 > 1A > Flashcards

1A Flashcards

1
Q

These are standardized communications links for use in transmitting digital information.

A

Tactical data links (TDL)

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2
Q

This refers to a system originally developed for military applications, to provide secure communications by spreading the signal over a large frequency band.

A

Spread Spectrum

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3
Q

This technique involves the narrowband signal being manipulated (scrambled) prior to transmission in such a way that the signal occupies a much larger part of the RF spectrum then strictly needed.

A

Spread Spectrum

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4
Q

There are two predominant techniques to spread the spectrum:

A

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
Frequency hopping (FHSS)

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5
Q

This technique introduces rapid phase transition to the data to make it larger in bandwidth.

A

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

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6
Q

The DSSS approach is based on multiplication of the original data signal with a much faster pseudo random noise code, which is also called the…?

A

Spreading Code

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7
Q

The use of DSSS for multiple access is called ___, and is used e.g. in the 3rd generation mobile communications.

A

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

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8
Q

This makes the narrow band signal jump in random narrow bands within a larger bandwidth.

A

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) or simply Frequency Hopping (FH)

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9
Q

In ___, the RF frequency of the narrowband transmission is quickly changed within a certain range, according to a pseudo random noise code. Hence, a hopping pattern can be observed in the spectrum.

A

Frequency Hopping

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10
Q

In terms of spectral coexistence with other systems, FH is an ___ technique, in other words if the hop coincides with someone else’s transmission on the same channel, the collision will take only the duration of the hop, which is typically in the order of milliseconds or even less.

A

avoidance

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11
Q

___ is a high-capacity, digital information distribution system providing integrated communications, navigation, and identification capabilities.

A

JTIDS/MIDS

Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS)
Multifunctional Information Distribution System (MIDS)

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12
Q

JTIDS/MIDS terminals operate on the principal of ___, wherein, time slots are allocated among all network participants to transmit and receive data.

A

Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)

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13
Q

The JTIDS/MIDS system operates in the ___ MHz frequency band.

A

960 - 1215 MHz

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14
Q

___ uses both frequency hopping and direct sequence spread spectrum to be robust against intentional and unintentional interference.

A

JTIDS/MIDS

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15
Q

This is a joint service secure, jam-resistance data link that is primarily used by ground forces (US Army) for blue-force tracking (friendly troop position information) and digital data dissemination.

A

Enhanced Positioning Location Reporting System (EPLRS)

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16
Q

___ is a wireless, networked, digital data system specifically designed to provide/receive data to/from ground forces on the move.

A

Enhanced Positioning Location Reporting System (EPLRS)

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17
Q

The airborne equivalent to EPLRS is the ___ used by the Air Force.

A

Situational Awareness Data Link (SADL)

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18
Q

___ provides fighter-to-fighter, air-to-ground, and ground-to-air data communications that are robust, secure, jam-resistant, and contention-free

A

Situational Awareness Data Link (SADL)

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19
Q

This means that multiple messages are not collided when attempting to access the communication channel at the same time.

A

Contention-free

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20
Q

Between EPLRS and SADL, there are more than ___ terminals operating in all four services.

A

17,000

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21
Q

Like all UHF transmissions systems, EPLRS/SADL is limited to ___ operations.

A

line-of-sight (LOS)

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22
Q

Typical soldier range (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle) is ___ miles.

A

5-8 miles

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23
Q

Ground-to-air range is dependent on the altitude of the airborne platform but can easily exceed ___ miles.

A

100 miles

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24
Q

EPLRS is designed to relay traffic from radio to radio so that ___ operation becomes routine.

A

beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS)

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25
Q

This is a United States military term for a GPS-enabled capability that provides military commanders and forces with location information about friendly (and despite its name, also hostile) military forces.

A

FBCB2/BFT1

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26
Q

In NATO military symbology, ___ typically denotes friendly forces.

A

blue

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27
Q

The FBCB2/BFT1 capability provides a common picture of the location of friendly forces and therefore is referred to as…?

A

Blue Force Tracker

28
Q

Blue Force Tracker (BFT) systems consist of:

A
  1. Computer - used to display location information
  2. Satellite terminal and satellite antenna - used to transmit location and other military data
  3. Global Positioning System receiver - to determine its own position
  4. Command-and-control software - to send and receive orders, and many other battlefield support functions
  5. Mapping software - plots the BFT device on a map
29
Q

The system displays the location of the host vehicle on the computer’s terrain-map display, along with the locations of other platforms (friendly in blue, and enemy in red) in their respective locations

A

Blue Force Tracker (BFT)

30
Q

This is a technology upgrade to provide improved capability and ensure interoperability between Army and Marine Corps forces.

A

FBCB2 JCR/BFT2

31
Q

The improvements of FBCB2 JCR/BFT2 include:

A
  1. updated computer hardware and software
  2. improved satellite connectivity
32
Q

This version did not last long and was designed to be the bridge to JBC-P

A

FBCB2 JCR/BFT2

33
Q

This is a networked mission command information system that enables Army and Marine Corps’ units to share near real-time friendly, enemy, and battlefield situational awareness, operational maps and graphics, and command and control (C2) messages.

A

Joint Battle Command - Platform (JBC-P)

34
Q

The Army and Marine Corps intend ___ to provide joint, platform level interoperability for operations centers, ground vehicles, aviation assets, and dismounted Soldier/Marine platforms operating in land/littoral-dominated joint battle space.

A

JBC-P

35
Q

This is the current version being used by the forces.

A

JBC-P

36
Q

The biggest change the JBC-P brought was the ___ and ____ are far superior to the earlier version JCR/BFT2. Also, the addition of ___ devices.

A

graphics
user operability
COMSEC devices

37
Q

The COMSEC is loaded and contained via the KGV-72 device (Figure 1-4) designed and built by ___.

A

Harris Corporation

38
Q

The equipment used for the EPLRS systems was the ___ using the VHF LOS Radio systems for data transmission.

A

computer

39
Q

When the military switched to the BFT1 the system consisted of:

A
  1. computer JV5
  2. portable version Toughbook with docking station
  3. PLGR GPS receiver
  4. MT-2011 Satellite Transceiver
  5. GPS External Antenna (hockey puck)
40
Q

FBCB2 JCR/BFT2 brought along just upgrades to the equipment such as:

A
  1. DAGR GPS Receiver
  2. MT-2025 Satellite Transceiver
41
Q

With the JBC_P version coming online the hardware has all been upgraded to MFoCS systems that include:

A
  1. dismountable tablet PCs
  2. processor units
  3. keyboards
  4. removable solid-state storage
  5. display units
  6. cabling
  7. installation kits
42
Q

Tactical Data Links (TDLs) formerly known as…?

A

tactical digital information links

43
Q

There are many forms of data links used in the joint services, to include:

A

LINK 11, LINK 11B, LINK 16, EPLRS, and SADL

44
Q

The ___ program applies to all bit-oriented message formats used in support of joint and combined operations for the Joint Interoperability of Tactical Command and Control Systems (JINTACCS).

A

(TDL)
Tactical Data Links

45
Q

Formerly known as TADIL A

A

Link-11

46
Q

Its purpose is to exchange electronic warfare (EW) data, air, surface, and subsurface tracks and points with the amplifying data in real-time, as well as transmission of orders, alerts, and commands.

A

Link-11

47
Q

The Air Force used LINK 11 with multiple command and control (C2) platforms in the past; however, the Air Force has migrated to Link __ and only uses Link 11 when interoperating with countries or platforms that do not yet have LINK __.

A

Link 16

48
Q

When Link 11 operates in the HF spectrum (___ MHz), the data link is designed to provide omni-directional, gapless coverage over long distances.

A

3-30 MHz

49
Q

Link 11 may also operate in the UHF frequency range (___ MHz).

A

225-400 MHz

50
Q

Link 11 is a half-duplex link that has a shared data rate of up to ___ bits per second (bps).

A

2400

51
Q

Link 11 has a channel size of __ KHz in HF and a channel size of __ KHz in UHF.

A

6 KHz
25 KHz

52
Q

Formerly known as TADIL B

A

Link 11B

53
Q

___ is a secure, full-duplex, point-to-point digital data link that uses serial transmission.

A

Link 11B

54
Q

Its purpose is to exchange EW data, air, surface, and subsurface tracks and points with the amplifying data in real-time, as well as transmit orders, alerts, and commands.

A

Link 11B

55
Q

As with LINK 11, the Air Force used LINK 11B with multiple C2 platforms in the past; however, the Air Force has migrated to LINK __ and only uses LINK 11B when interoperating with countries or platforms that do not yet have LINK __.

A

Link 16

56
Q

Link 11B sets itself aside from Link 11 in that it is not associated with RF transmissions and does not use a modulated waveform. It is a ___, usually combined with other circuits in a multiplexer, and is transmitted as data.

A

circuit

57
Q

Link 11B has a shared data rate of up to ___.

A

1200 bps

58
Q

___ is the language used on JTIDS/MIDS to send messages.

A

Link 16

59
Q

Formerly known as TADIL J, Link 16 is a secure, frequency hopping (FH), line-of-sight (LOS) data link whose primary purpose is…?

A

situational awareness and C2

60
Q

Formerly known as ___, Link 16 is a secure, frequency hopping (FH), line-of-sight (LOS) data link whose primary purpose is situational awareness and C2.

A

TADIL J

61
Q

LINK 16 operates in the __-band (___ MHz)

A

L-band (960-1215 MHz)

62
Q

LINK 16 has a robust anti-jam mode, which hops over __ frequencies that are spaced __ MHz apart from one another.

A

51
3

63
Q

___ has a robust anti-jam mode, which hops over 51 frequencies that are spaced 3 MHz apart from one another.

A

LINK 16

64
Q

LINK 16 was designed for the air-to-air environment and is the primary data link for the ___.

A

USAF

65
Q

LINK 16 is ill-suited for ___ applications due to its frequency band (e.g., L-Band does not penetrate foliage or man-made structures, nor does it bend around hills).

A

ground

66
Q
A

Mod 11 (6 decks)

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