19th Century Flashcards
When was Germ Theory discovered?
1861.
What did Robert Koch use to identify bacteria?
Chemical dyes and powerful microscopes.
Name one disease that Robert Koch identified?
TB 1882.
Cholera 1883.
What did Koch’s discovery enable Pasteur to do?
Develop vaccines using weakened bacteria.
What did Nightingale cut the death rate at Scutari hospital to?
42% - 2%.
What did Simpson discover in 1847?
Chloroform.
When did Lister develop carbolic acid as an antiseptic?
1867.
When did Jenner discover that cowpox could prevent smallpox?
1796.
When did the government make smallpox vaccination compulsory?
1852 and enforced after 1871.
When was the first outbreak of cholera?
1831.
Why was the first Public Health Act 1848 limited?
It was not compulsory, only optional.
What was the Great Stink (1858)?
Sewage in the River Thames smelt so bad that Parliament had to be closed down.
How many miles of sewers did Bazalgette build in London by 1866?
1300 miles.
What did the Public Health Act of 1875 state?
Local authorities had to provide sewers, fresh water, paved streets and drains.
What did John Snow discover in 1854?
Cholera was spread through dirty water. He proved this by removing the handle off the pump on Broad Street.
