19.4 - Community Ecology

Question 1

Predator-Prey Cycle

Answer 1

The population of predators and prey correlating together and help keep each other’s population in check.

Question 2

Mechanical Def.

Answer 2

Part of the body as a defense or weapon to discourage predator : Thorns, stinger

Question 3

Physical Def.

Answer 3

Altering physical appearance , body/shape : Camouflage, mimicry

Question 4

Chemical Def.

Answer 4

Toxic and substance : Poison, bad smell (Skunks)

Question 5

Behavioral Def.

Answer 5

Reaction to confuse or avoid predators : Traveling in groups, playing dead

Question 6

Mimicry

Answer 6

Non Harmful species copying the appearance of a harmful one

Question 7

Competitive Exclusion Principle

Answer 7

Two species cannot share the same niche. Results in a competition where one will dominate the other and become more evolved; the other may go extinct.

Question 8

Niche

Answer 8

Unique resources dedicated to an environmental condition

Question 9

Symbiosis

Answer 9

Close, long-term species/relationships between different species

Question 10

Mutualism

Answer 10

Both species benefit

Question 11

Commensalism

Answer 11

One species benefits, the other is unaffected

Question 12

Parasitism

Answer 12

One species is benefited while the other is harmed

Question 13

Biodiversity

Answer 13

Variation of species - Measured by # of species and relative abundance

Question 14

Species Richness

Answer 14

Number of different types of species living in a habitat (Greater near the equator)

Question 15

Relative Abundance

Answer 15

Population # of a species in comparison to the overall # population (lower = more biodiversity)

Question 16

Species Evenness

Answer 16

Distribution of species relative abundance

Question 17

Foundation Species

Answer 17

Based of the community

Question 18

Keystone Species

Answer 18

Most impact/important, maintains commonness of species, structure, and biodiversity

Question 19

Environmental Disturbance

Answer 19

Natural disasters, climate change

Question 20

Primary Sucession

Answer 20

Pioneers species settling in a new area with no soil

Question 21

Secondary Sucession

Answer 21

Resettling in soil after an environmental disturbance (forest fire ex)

Question 22

Pioneer Species

Answer 22

The first to populate an environment converting rock into fertile soil : Lichen (algae), moss, bacteria

Question 23

Climax Community

Answer 23

Community is at a stable equilibrium, maintained indefinitely

Question 24

Succession

Answer 24

Sequences in a community after a disturbance, or first development