1939-1951 (The People's War and Peace)- Social Flashcards

(35 cards)

1
Q

what was the final age bracket of conscription (1942)?

A

18-51 y/o men

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2
Q

what did older men serve in?

A

home guard (dad’s army)

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3
Q

what was the size of GBs armed forces by 1943?

A

4.5m

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4
Q

give 2 positives of the demand for men in the army/labour?

A
  • unemployment disappeared by 1943

- male wage increased 80%

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5
Q

who could be conscripted into war work?

A

unmarried women aged 19-30

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6
Q

how many women worked in auxiliary?

A

500k

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7
Q

what % of married women were working in ww2?

A

80%

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8
Q

give 1 limitation of womens work during ww2?

A

rarely got 70% of mans wage

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9
Q

what was a criticism of evacuation of children?

A

many were neglected by adoptive families (particularly wc children)

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10
Q

how many people went to the cinema each week?

A

30m

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11
Q

what was the governments key tool to get to the masses?

A

bbc

became propaganda/morale boosting source

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12
Q

where was the anderson shelter placed?

A

back garden

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13
Q

what was the first phase of the blitz?

A

40-42

night raids

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14
Q

what was the second phase of the blitz?

A

44-45

v1/v2 rockets

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15
Q

how many copies did the beveridge report sell?

A

600k

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16
Q

when was the beveridge report?

17
Q

what was the 5 giants that needed addressing according to beveridge?

A
want
sickness
lack of education
bad housing
unemployment
18
Q

what 4 revolutions to the welfare system did beveridge suggest?

A
  • national ins. universal and comprehensive
  • single weekly insurance for health, employment and old age pension
  • end means testing
  • universal national minimum benefit for everyone
19
Q

what was the leaving age increased to with the 1944 butler education act?

20
Q

give 5 parts of the welfare state for children and families?

A
  • 1944 education act
  • 1945 family allowance act
  • 1945 housing programme
  • 1946 new towns act
  • 1946 town and countryside act
21
Q

outline the 1945 family allowance act?

A

5 shillings paid per child to family

22
Q

outline the 1945 housing programme?

A

1.5m homes and 250k prefabs built

23
Q

outline the 1946 new towns act?

A

new towns like stevenage around london after bombings

24
Q

outline the 1946 town and countryside act?

A

establishment of green belt

local authorities had to plan/approve future developments

25
give 2 parts of the welfare state for workers?
1946 industrial industries act | 1946 national insurance act
26
outline the 1946 industrial industries act?
covered whole workforce and paid benefits/compensation for illness/injury whilst working
27
outline the 1946 national insurance act?
universal | comprehensive in risks covered
28
who did the 1948 national assistance act help?
the destitute
29
outline the 1948 national assistance act?
- basic financial help for those who fell through benefits net - ended poor law - passed responsibility for poor to central gov - forced local authorities to provide accommodation to homeless
30
when was the nhs passed and when did it become effective?
passed 46 | active 48
31
who was responsible for most of the nhs?
A. Bevan
32
what group opposed the nhs and why?
doctors | less money
33
give 4 successes of the nhs?
- social groups that previously couldn't afford healthcare now could access it (e.g. large, poor families) - major improvements in public health - rapidly gained public approval - sign of the strength of british democracy and capitalism
34
give 4 limitations of the nhs?
- nhs not unified-163 local executive councils=regional differences in services - shortage of staff (e.g 10k dentists for 47m people) - hospitals were in ageing buildings - spending on nhs doubles between 48-51
35
give 3 limitations of the whole welfare state?
- tripartite school system caused class divides - post war finances limited house building - benefits still low and didn't rise with inflation