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US History > 1920's to WWII > Flashcards

1920's to WWII Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Red Scare?

A

Fear of anything related to communism, including fear of it spreading throughout the U.S.

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2
Q

Why was Henry Ford a significant figure in American History?

A

He perfected the assembly line technique to allow for mass production (automobiles)

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3
Q

Explain the importance of the Automobile:

A

Allowed people to live further away from jobs; could easily move from place to place; cars became a symbol of freedom and status

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4
Q

Explain the importance of the Radio:

A

New form of entertainment allowed for growth in music (Tin Pan Alley) and later allowed for communication of news and events (FDR, fireside chats). Also became a source for consumer advertisements

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5
Q

Explain the importance of the movies:

A

Provided entertainment options for Americans; over 100 million people attended the movies each week by end of the 1920s.

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6
Q

Who were famous athletes of the 1920’s?

A 
Baseball = Babe Ruth
Boxing = Jack Dempsey
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7
Q

Who were the most famous Jazz Musicians of the 1920s?

A

Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong

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8
Q

What was the Harlem Renaissance?

A

The flourishing of black culture that originated in Harlem, NY. Included jazz music and literature.

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9
Q

Who was the most famous writer to come out of the Harlem Renaissance?

A

Langston Hughes

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10
Q

What is the significance of Tin Pan Alley?

A

Early musical center; musicians coming together to produce music for the people

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11
Q

Who was Irving Berlin?

A

Famous American composer; songs include White Christmas and God Bless America

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12
Q

What were the primary causes of the stock market crash in 1929?

A

Buying on margin, speculation (belief that stock prices would be going up)

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13
Q

What was the Dust Bowl?

A

Severe drought and high winds in Midwest removed topsoil from farms; resulted in thousands of “Okies” relocating to California for jobs.

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14
Q

How was President Hoover viewed as President during the Great Depression?

A

Hoover was regarded as a failure by the American people.

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15
Q

What were Hoovervilles?

A

Hoovervilles was the nickname given to the collection of cardboard shacks that sprang up around the nation.

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16
Q

Who was responsible for the New Deal and what was its purpose?

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt; to fight the conditions of the Great Depression

17
Q

Describe the significance of the following New Deal Program: Securities and Exchange Committee (SEC)

A

created to regulate the stock market & prevent another stock market crash

18
Q

Describe the significance of the following New Deal Program: Wagner Act

A

Protected workers right to strike & collectively bargain; Outlawed unfair practices used by companies to discourage union membership

19
Q

Describe the significance of the following New Deal Program: Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

A

created hydroelectric power plants in the South; created jobs constructing dams that provided power for 7 Southern states.

20
Q

Describe the significance of the following New Deal Program: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

A

To help restore public confidence in banks; government would insure money up to $100,000 (Today = $250,000)

21
Q

Describe the significance of the following New Deal Program: Works Progress Administration (WPA)

A

the biggest New Deal program; Created 10 million jobs in a variety of professions & cost the gov’t $10 billion

22
Q

Why was Eleanor Roosevelt important as the First Lady?

A

She traveled the country promoting FDR’s New Deal since he was dealing with conditions from polio.

23
Q

Who was Huey Long and what was his significance during the Great Depression?

A

Senator from Louisiana; promoted the “Share The Wealth” program that proposed taxing the rich and giving to the poor.

24
Q

What was the “Court Packing Bill” and why was it significant?

A

FDR’s attempt to add six more justices to the Supreme Court; this would have allowed New Deal legislation to pass and would have upset the system of checks and balances.

25
Q

What was the Neutrality Act?

A

Outlawed the sale of weapons from the United States to nations at war; promotes neutrality in U.S.

26
Q

Who was A. Phillip Randolph and what was he best known for?

A

Called for the proposed march on Washington; led to FDR creating Fair Employment Practices Commission (equal pay for workers)

27
Q

What was the event that convinced America to declare war and join the fight in WWII?

A

Pearl Harbor = December 7th, 1941

28
Q

What was the difference between Cash and Carry and the Lend-Lease Act?

A

Cash and carry = countries paid cash for goods and transported them on their own ships
Lend-Lease = countries were loaned goods and America shipped them on our (armed) ships

29
Q

What were some of the effects of the war at home with the following group: Women

A

Women worked in factory jobs at home; served as nurses and photographers during the War

30
Q

What were some of the effects of the war at home with the following group: African Americans

A

2nd “Great Migration” to the North in search of factory jobs; Tuskegee Airmen = most celebrated group to fight in the war

31
Q

What were some of the effects of the war at home with the following group: Japanese Americans

A

were placed in internment camps by Executive Order 9066; were thought to be spies and were considered a threat to national security following Pearl Harbor.

32
Q

How were Americans expected to contribute to the war effort at home?

A

Rationing supplies (food, gas); growing “Victory Gardens”, carpool to work, donate blood

33
Q

Describe the importance of the following battle:

Midway

A

turning point in the war in the Pacific; U.S. begins their “island hopping” campaign towards Japanese mainland.

34
Q

Describe the importance of the following battle: D-Day

A

D-Day: invasion of Normandy, France by the Allies; largest military invasion in history; began to liberate France from German control and move towards Germany.

35
Q

Describe the importance of the following battle: The Battle of the Bulge

A

last German offensive of the war; end is near for Germany.

36
Q

Describe the importance of the following battle: Iwo Jima

A

36 day battle ended with America gaining control of strategic island that moved them closer to Japanese mainland.

37
Q

What was the Manhattan Project?

A

Construction of the atomic bomb; developed in different regions of the country to maintain secrecy.

38
Q

What was the significance of Los Alamos?

A

The location in New Mexico where atomic bomb was tested in July 1945.

US History (4 decks)

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