1914-1918 Flashcards
1
Q
PSI Socialists Opinion on War
- Progress
- Sacrifices
- Army quality
A
PSI Socialists Opinion on War
- War would halt socioeconomic progress in south
- Have to make industrial and economic sacrifices
- Reluctant peasants and workers would not make a good army
2
Q
Liberals Opinion on War
- Salandra
- Giolitti
A
Liberals Opinion on War
- Salandra favoured triple entente and didn’t want to be sidelined
- Giolitti favoured neutrality due to sacrifices of industrial and economic resources required
3
Q
Catholics Opinion on War
- Fighting Catholics
- Pope’s opinion
- Imperial satisfaction
A
Catholics Opinion on War
- Against loss of opposite Catholic lives, especially Austria
- Pope Benedict XV personally against intervention
- Already happy with imperial success
4
Q
Nationalists Opinion on War
- Favoured side due to..
- Press
- Demonstration support
A
Nationalists Opinion on War
- Favoured entente in order to gain Trieste and Trentino
- Heavy press influence with support of entente propaganda
- Pro intervention demonstrations encouraged by police and military
5
Q
Salandra’s Decision
- Signed treaty
- Pressure
- Reinstated
A
Salandra’s Decision
- Signed treaty of London in secret
- Resigned under pressure from Nationalists and Giolitti; Giolitti offered PM but rejected due to disagreeing with ToL
- Reinstated with emergency powers and declared war
6
Q
Timeline of WW1
- 21st Mar 1914 (PM)
- May 1915 offensive
- May 1916 defence
- 10th June 1916 (PM)
- October 1917
- 30th October 1917 (PM/Commander)
- June 1918 defence
- October 1918 offensive
A
Timeline of WW1
- Salandra becomes PM
- Trentino offensive
- Asiago offensive
- Boselli becomes PM
- Caporetto
- Orlando becomes PM, Diaz commander
- Piove River
- Vittorio Veneto
7
Q
Direct Impacts of War
- Casualties
- Resources
- Government
- Land
- Cost
A
Direct Impacts of War
- 650k dead and 1m wounded
- Drained of resources, especially raw materials
- Unstable government with 5 different war ministers 1915-1918
- Gained some irredente land
- Cost 148bn lire
8
Q
Indirect Impacts of war
- Growing industries
- Unemployment
- Inflation
- Divide
- Real wages/Purchasing Power
- Socialist
- Fascists/Nationalists
A
Indirect Impacts of war
- Shipbuilding, metallurgy and vehicles grew
- Unemployment was 2m at end of 1919
- Inflation rose, prices quadrupled over war
- Divide increased between north and south over production
- Real wages fell/Purchasing Power fell 25% 1915-‘18
- Socialist support increased from 50k to 200k over war
- Fascists/Nationalists founded over mutilated victory
