1905 Revolution

Question 1

Alienate intelligentsia

Answer 1

• middle class liberals wanted to participate in government and wanted some form of elected parliament
• students protested against repressive government control

Question 2

The Russo-Japanese war 1904

Answer 2

• defeats on land and at sea shocked the Russian public who saw them as unbeatable
• lost Port Arthur 1905
• war caused shortages of food and fuel, high prices and unemployment
• huge upsurge of discontent as Tsar’s government seen as incompetent

Question 3

National minorities; Finns, Poles, Jews etc

Answer 3

• wanted more autonomy and independence
• wanted an end of the policy of Russification

Question 4

Witte’s economic policy

Answer 4

• under his policy workers and peasants were squeezed very hard by high taxes and low wages
• economic slump after 1902 led to high unemployment and tension
• poor harvests in 1900 and 1902 led to starvation and violence in the countryside

Question 5

Workers

Answer 5

• grievances include; long hours, low pay, very poor working and living conditions
• wanted more political power

Question 6

Tsarist regime

Answer 6

• weak and indecisive leader
• repressive government
• no moves towards constitutional government
• denied basic freedoms - free press etc
• no concessions to nationalities- all protests repressed

Question 7

Bloody Sunday January 9th 1905

Answer 7

• 150,000 men, women and children set off on a peaceful march to the Winter Palace. They were not aggressive and were well disposed to the Tsar
• as they approached the Palace they were charged at by cavalry and troops opened fire

Question 8

1905 strikes

Answer 8

• workers in factories decided to fight for their rights, better working conditions, working hours and fairer wages, especially after high employment due to the war
• cities were becoming tense as over 100,000 took part

Question 9

Father Gapon

Answer 9

• a priest
• organised a petition and march to the Winter palace to seek out the help of the Tsar
• it called for better working hours and pay
• it was snot aggressive in tone but it did call for an elected parliament and the right to form trade unions

Question 10

Peasants

Answer 10

• grievances include: poverty, tax and more land
• suffered from periodic famines
• increasing population putting pressure on limited resources

Question 11

Revolutionaries

Answer 11

• socialist revolutionaries wanted a peasant revolution
• social democrats (Marxists) wanted the working class to stage a revolution to start a communist state

Question 12

Revolutionaries

Answer 12

• socialist revolutionaries wanted a peasant revolution
• social democrats (Marxists) wanted the working class to stage a revolution to start a communist state