1905 revolution Flashcards
On the 7th of January how many people were in involved in the strike
100,000
What did Father Gapons petition involve
8 hour day
minimum wages
dignified treatment
How many were killed in bloody Sunday
Over 1 thousand
By the end of January how many were out on strike
400,000
On the 4th of February who was assassinated
Grand Duke Sergei
How were anti government feelings escalated in bloody Sunday
News that the Russians had lost port Arthur
What was the affect of bloody Sunday
Profound affect
changed the character of the demands of workers from economic to political
What sparked the strike on the 7th of January
4 workers were sacked from Putilov engineering works
Were the leaders of the main socialist parties there
Nowhere to be seen
What was the union of unions
Number of professional organisations such as lawyers and engineers came together to press the cause of liberal and political reform
and requested a national assembly elected by universal sufferage
When did the peasants riot
June
July
(summer)
What did the peasants do in the summer riots
Seizing land grain and animals
Burning landlords houses
cutting timber illegally
What were the peasants demands
Land
End in redemption payments
Reduction in rents
What was the peasant riots organisation like
No coordinated peasant movement
but range of peasant unions appeared
How many troops did the Tsar sent to Georgia
10,000
How many troops were in Poland
300,000
How many Poles were shot
93
What slogans became popular
“Down with Tsarism”
“Long live an independent socialist Poland”
What were the demands from nationalists
Poles and Finns demanded outright independence
Strong nationalist character to demands-demanding local language and culture to be taught
When did battleship Potemkin mutiny
14th June
Why did battleship Potemkin mutiny
Crew of the battleship Potemkin were given rotten meat and had harsh conditions
How did people react to the Battleship potemkin arriving in Odessa
Received warmly by large crowds
How many people were killed at the arrival of Potemkin battleship
2,000
What was the result of the Potemkin battleship
Embarrassment for the government but also huge wake up call
When was the October manifesto reluctantly agreed by Nicholas
17th October
What happened at the end of October
Explosion of violence
What did the October manifesto involve
Civil liberties-freedom of speech and end of censorship from press
Elected Duma(parliament)
What did Liberals hail the October manifesto as
The first step towards constitutional government
What was the immediate reaction following the October manifesto
Brief period of celeberation
What were the right wing hooligans on the street carrying portraits of the Tsar called
the black hundreds
What did tsar Nicholas uncle do regarding the October manifesto
Pulled out his revolver and theatrically threatened to shoot himself if Nicholas didn’t agree to the concessions
How were the Jews affected in this explosion of violence at the end of October
Burning of Jewish houses and businesses
Rape and looting
Over 3,000 Jews were murdered in the last 2 weeks of 1905
Who was the minister of the interior that wanted to re-establish government control
Durnovo
What methods were used to re-establish control
Brutal methods
-Beating
-Rape
-flogging
-executions
How many people were deported
45,000
How many people were killed
15,000
What did the noose used for hangings became known as
“Stolypin’s necktie”
When were the leaders of the St Petersburg soviet and hundreds of deputies arrested
3rd of December
Who led an armed uprising
Social democrats
What was the significance of army loyalty in the 1905 revolution
6th December military reforms brought the soldiers back on side
What difficulties were there with the army
Number of minor mutinies including disobeying orders
What was the overall organisation in the opposing groups in the 1905 revolution
Different groups opposing the Tsar had different aims and priorities
Not able to provide a coordinated and effective opposition to bring the Tsar down
What was the economic situation like for the government
By the end of 1905 the government was in deep financial trouble
What did Witte do to help stabilise the economy
Secured the huge loan largely from French bankers in April 1906
What the result of Wittes loan
Stabilised the economy
What dividing affect did the October manifesto have
It split the liberals and socialists
Why did the October manifesto split the liberals and socialists
Liberals wanted political reform and move towards a constitutional democracy
Socialists wanted a social revolution
