19-D Flashcards by Randy Michael

What is the primary purpose of scripting in IT support?

To automate repetitive tasks for greater consistency and to simplify configuration changes

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What are the three helpful distinctions in coding languages?

Shell scripting language
General-purpose scripting language
Programming language

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What is a shell scripting language?

A language that uses commands specific to an operating system

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What distinguishes a general-purpose scripting language?

It uses statements and modules independent of the operating system and is executed by an interpreter

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What is the purpose of a shebang line in a shell script?

To designate which interpreter to use

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What is the typical file extension for a Linux shell script?

.SH

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What is the comment delimiter in Bash scripting?

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What is a variable in scripting?

A label for a value that can change as the script executes

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In Bash, how are positional parameters referred to?

$1, $2, etc.

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What is a branch in scripting?

An instruction to execute a different sequence of instructions based on a logical test

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What does a ‘For’ loop do in scripting?

Repeats a statement block a predictable number of times

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What is the command to restart a host in Bash?

shutdown -r

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What is the main purpose of Windows PowerShell?

To combine a script language with prebuilt modules (cmdlets) for managing Windows features

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What file extension is used for PowerShell scripts?

.PS1

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What is VBScript based on?

Microsoft’s Visual Basic programming language

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What is the file extension for a Windows batch file?

.BAT

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What are the two major versions of Python?

Version 2 and Version 3

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What is the significance of the .PY extension?

It denotes Python script files

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What is the command to perform a silent installation of an EXE file in a batch script?

C:\Path\to\installer.exe /S

What command is used to install Windows updates from a batch file?

wusa.exe

True or False: A logical test in scripting resolves to a TRUE or FALSE value.

True

Complete the sentence: A script can be set to run automatically using _______.

Windows Task Scheduler or cron

What command in PowerShell is used to create a new drive mapping?

New-PSDrive

What is the purpose of error handling in scripts?

To anticipate and manage potential errors during execution

What is the syntax used to comment a line in a Bash script?

# Comment text

What scripting environment is recommended for Windows PowerShell?

Windows PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment (ISE)

What command is used to check if a drive letter is already mapped in PowerShell?

Test-Path

What operator is used to test if two conditions are equal in scripting?

== or -eq

What is a common use of the 'Until' loop in Bash?

To repeat a block until a condition is met

What cmdlet returns properties of network adapters in Windows PowerShell?

Get-NetAdapter

Which cmdlet in PowerShell returns log data?

Get-WinEvent

What is the purpose of piping results to Where-Object and Select-Object in PowerShell?

To apply filters to the results

Which command in Bash is used to filter text output?

grep

Fill in the blank: The command 'printf Processes run by $1 on $(date +%F) at $(date +%T) >> ps-$1.log' is used to _______.

log process information by username

What is a potential risk when deploying any type of code?

Introducing vulnerabilities

True or False: Enabling a non-default interpreter expands the attack surface.

True

What could happen if a threat actor modifies the source code of a script?

It could act as malware

What is one way a script could inadvertently cause a denial of service (DoS)?

Accidentally powering off a system

What should be done to script source code to prevent unauthorized changes?

Subject it to access and version controls

What type of mistakes can lead to mishandling of resources in a script?

Coding mistakes

Fill in the blank: Scripts that weaken security configurations are _______.

not safe enough to consider running

What is a common example of a resource mishandling in scripts?

Creating files that deplete disk storage resources

What identifier can you use to refer to the IP address passed to a Bash script as an argument?

What type of construct might you use to ensure a script runs without errors when mapping a drive?

Error handling construct

Before deploying a script to scan server hosts for open ports, what should you consider?

Potential impact on system performance and security

What is a best practice to follow before deploying scripts?

Test all code in a development environment

What should be monitored during script execution?

Any bugs that were not found in the test phase