1894-1905

Question 1

The Russian tsars had been members of what since 1613

Answer 1

Romanov dynasty

Question 2

What did article 1 of the fundamental laws of the empire declare

Answer 2

The emperor of all Russians is an autocratic and unlimited monarch. God himself ordains that all must bow to his supreme power, not only put of fear but also out of conscience

Question 3

Who issues article 1 and when

Answer 3

Nicholas 1 and in 1832

Question 4

3 official bodies the tsar exercised his authority

Answer 4

Imperial council
Cabinet of ministers
Senate

Question 5

Imperial council

Answer 5

Group of honorary advisors directly responsible for the tsar

Question 6

Cabinet of ministers

Answer 6

Tan various gov departments

Question 7

Senate

Answer 7

Supervised operation of the law

Question 8

Okhrana

Answer 8

Tsarist secret police whose task was to hunt down supervisors who challenged tsarist regime

Question 9

1881 extremism example

Answer 9

Tsar Alexander 2 blown up by Bomb by the peoples will terrorist group

Question 10

Reactionary

Answer 10

Resistant to any form of progressive change

Question 11

Liberal ideas

Answer 11

Notions that called for limitations on power of rulers and greater freedom for people

Question 12

Catechism of the church included

Answer 12

God commands us to live and obey from the inmost recesses of our heart every authority and particularly the tsar

Question 13

Agrarian economy

Answer 13

System in which food is produced on the land by arable and dairy farming and then traded

Question 14

Emancipation decree /emancipation if the serfs

Answer 14

1861- abolished serfdom

Question 15

Serfdom

Answer 15

Russian form of slavery where landowner had total control over the peasants who lived or worked on his land

Question 16

Nepotism

Answer 16

System where positions are gained through family connections rather that on merit

Question 17

Militia

Answer 17

Local citizens called together and granted arms to deal with the crisis requiring force

Question 18

Bureaucracy

Answer 18

Chain of demand that is hierarchal , top has ultimate power and goes down

Question 19

Autocracy

Answer 19

System of gov where 1 person has ultimate power

Question 20

Slavophiles

Answer 20

Those who regarded western values as corrupting and urged that the nation should preserve itself as holy Russia glorying in its Slav culture

Question 21

Westerners

Answer 21

Those who believed to remain a great nation Russia would have to adopt the best features of the advanced countries of w europe

Question 22

Zemstva

Answer 22

Local councils of elected bodies but the voting regulations left them in hands of landowners

Question 23

Mir

Answer 23

Traditional village community

Question 24

Intelligentsia

Answer 24

Educated more enlightened members of Russian society who wanted to see their nation adopt more progressive changes along w lines

Question 25

Konstantin pobedonostsev

Answer 25

Chief minister and head of synod

Question 26

Synod

Answer 26

Gov body of Russian Orthodox Church

Question 27

Procurator

Answer 27

Lay head of

Question 28

Representative government

Answer 28

Ordinary people choose their gov and have the power to replace it if it doesn’t serve their interests

Question 29

Pogroms

Answer 29

Fierce persecutions which often involved the wounding or killing of Jews and the destruction of their property

Question 30

Russification

Answer 30

Restricting influence of non Russian national minorities within empire and emphasising superiority of all things russian

Question 31

Anti semitism

Answer 31

Heavy social political and economic restrictions on Jews and had to live in ghettoes, blames for russias difficulties

Question 32

Ghettoes

Answer 32

Areas where Jews were concentrated and restricted had to live in discrete districts

Question 33

Coercion

Answer 33

Persuading someone to do something by force

Question 34

The reaction -Alex 3

Answer 34

Statute of state security 1881
University statute 1887
Zemstva act 1890

Question 35

Measures of the reaction

Answer 35

Special gov controlled courts set up
Judges more that were sympathetic towards liberal ideas were removed
Okrana powers extended and press tightened

Question 36

University statute 1887 under the reaction

Answer 36

Braught universities under strict gov control

Question 37

Zemstva act 1890(the reaction)

Answer 37

Decreased the independence of the local councils and empowered gov officials to interfere in their decision making

Question 38

2 ministers served in Nicholas 11 reign that made Russia seem as thought it was going to modernise well

Answer 38

Sergei write
Peter stolypin

Question 39

When was the great spurt

Answer 39

1890s

Question 40

Major reason for great spurt

Answer 40

Increase in output of coal in Ukraine and oil in Caucasus result of private enterprise and gov policy

Question 41

Witter thought the modernisation could only be achieved through

Answer 41

State capitalism

Question 42

Witted reforms

Answer 42

Negotiated large loans and investments from abroad with high interest rates and taxes at home. Encouraged inflow of foreign Capitol and limited import of foreign goods. Protective tariffs set up to preorder industries like steel production.

Question 43

When was the Russian currency put on the Gold standard

Answer 43

1897

Question 44

Gold standard aims

Answer 44

Create financial stability and encourage international investment -successful but increased prices at home